| 研究生: |
宋鎮宇 Zhen-Yu Song |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
台灣地區大氣氣膠特性之研究---高雄及台北都會區氣膠特性與散光係數 |
| 指導教授: |
李崇德
Chung-Te Lee |
| 口試委員: | |
| 學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱: |
工學院 - 環境工程研究所 Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering |
| 畢業學年度: | 88 |
| 語文別: | 中文 |
| 論文頁數: | 152 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | 氣膠 、散光係數 、氣膠粒徑分布 、氣膠化學組成 、加強因子法 、沙塵暴 |
| 外文關鍵詞: | aerosol, scattering coefficient, aerosol size distribution, aerosol chemical composition, enhancement factor, yellow dust |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:4 下載:0 |
| 分享至: |
| 查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
研究結果顯示高雄地區氣膠的綠光散光係數日平均值範圍介於0.122~0.564km-1之間,平均值為0.321km-1,氣膠散光係數主要來自於北方的污染源。在兩小時採樣區間下,細粒徑氣膠質量濃度範圍介於160.8~25.4?g/m3,對照環保署小港測站PM10數值後,得到PM2.5/PM10的平均值為0.62,所量測的氣膠質量濃度與散光係數有良好的相關性(r=0.78)。
相對地,台北都會區綠光散光係數日平均值範圍介於0.032~0.484km-1之間,平均值為0.181 km-1。在沙塵暴期間,超微米氣膠對散光係數的貢獻量由平時的26%提升為47%,其含塵氣膠尖峰粒徑為2?m。由MOUDI分粒徑化學採樣分析的結果,顯示台北地區細粒氣膠組成以SO42-、TC和 NH4+為主,粗粒徑氣膠主要成份則為NO3-、Si及海鹽離子。
The results show daily averages of the smallest 5-min ?sp from green wavelength in Kaohsiung ranging from 0.122 to 0.564km-1, with an average of 0.321km-1. The 2-hr intervals of PM2.5 collected in this study are in the range from 160.8 to 25.4?g/m3. By taking PM10 values from a nearby EPA air quality monitoring station, a ratio of PM2.5/PM10 at 0.62 is obtained. The measured ?sp is correlated well (r=0.78) with the collected aerosol mass.
In contrast, the daily averages of the 5-min ?sp in Taipei range from 0.032 to 0.484km-1 with the average at 0.181 km-1. During the landing of yellow storm, the contribution from supermicron aerosols to ?sp increases from 26% to 47%. The modal diameter of the supermicron particles is at 2?m. The size-fractionated chemical contents from MOUDI reveals SO42-, NH4+, and TC are dominant in the fine mode, while NO3-, Si, and sea-salts are major compositions in the coarse mode.
黃明雄,1998, 台灣地區大氣氣膠特性之研究-墾丁氣膠組成及濃度對大氣能見度之影響, 國立中央大學環境工程研究所碩士論文.
林立偉,1999, 墾丁地區氣膠粒徑分布與氣象因子對散光係數影響之研究, 國立中央大學環境工程研究所碩士論文.
林立偉,1999, 墾丁地區氣膠粒徑分布與氣象因子對散光係數影響之研究, 國立中央大學環境工程研究所碩士論文.
袁中新, 洪崇軒, 王宏恩, 劉山豪, 1999, 南台灣地區懸浮微粒物化特徵及生成機制探討, 1999年氣膠科技國際研討會, 台北.
Appel B. R., Tokiwa Y., Hsu J., Kothny E. L. and Hahn E., 1985, Visibility as Related to Atmospheric Aerosol Constituents. Atmos. Environ, Vol.19, 1525-1534.
Baik N. J., Kim Y. P. and Moon K. C., 1996, Visibility Study in Seoul, 1993, Atmos. Environ., Vol.30, 2319-2328.
Bergsttrom R. W., 1973, Extinction and Absorption Coefficients of the Atmospheric Aerosol as a Function of Particle Size, Beiz. Phys. Atm., Vol.45, 223-234.
Brink H. M., Veefkind J. P., Ijpellan W. and Hage J. C., 1996, Aerosol Light-Scattering in the Netherlands, Atmos. Environ, Vol.24, 4251-4261.
Buerki J. R., 1989, Size-resoled Trace Metal Characterization of Aerosols Emitted by Four Important Source Type in Switzer-Land, Atmos. Environ., Vol.23, 1659-1668l.
Buerki J. R., 1989, Size-resoled Trace Metal Characterization of Aerosols Emitted by Four Important Source Type in Switzer-Land, Atmos. Environ., Vol.23, 1659-1668l.
Cass G. R., 1979, On the Relationship Between Sulfate air Quality and Visibility with examples in Los Angeles, Atmos. Environ., Vol13, 1069-1084.
Chan Y. C., Simpson R. W. and Vowles P. D., 1997, Characterisation of chemical species in PM2.5 and PM10 Aerosol in Brisbane, Australia, Atmospheric Environment., Vol.31, 3773-3785.
Charlson R. J., Schwartz S. E., Hales J. M., Cess R. D., Coakley Jr. J. A., Hansen J. E. and Hofmann D. J., 1992, Climate Forcing by Anthropogenic Aerosols, Science, Vol. 255, 423-430.
Daubay T. G. and Clubb K. W., 1981, Comparison of Telephotometer Measurements of Extinction Coefficient with Scattering and Absorption Coefficients, Atmos. Environ., 15A, 2617-2624.
Daubay T. G. and Clubb K. W., 1981, Comparison of Telephotometer Measurements of Extinction Coefficient with Scattering and Absorption Coefficients, Atmos. Environ., 15A, 2617-2624.
Daubay T. G. and Clubb K. W., 1981, Comparison of Telephotometer Measurements of Extinction Coefficient with Scattering and Absorption Coefficients, Atmos. Environ., 15A, 2617-2624.
Dzubay T. C. Stevens R. K. and Lewis C. W., 1982, Visibility and Aerosol Composition in Huston, Texas. Environ. Sci. Technol., Vol.25A, 514-524.
d’Almeida G. A., Koepke P. and Shettle E. P., 1991,Atmospheric Aerosol, In Global Climatology and Radiative Characteristics, A. Deepak, Hampton, Virginia.
Gras J., Ayer G. P.,1983, Marine aerosol at southern midlatitudes, Journal of Geophysical Research 88 (C15), 10661-10666.
Gras J., Ayer G. P.,1983, Marine aerosol at southern midlatitudes, Journal of Geophysical Research 88 (C15), 10661-10666.
Harvath H. and Trier A. A., 1993, Study of the aerosol of Santiago De Chile-I. Light Extinction Coefficient, Atmos. Envir, Vol.27, 371-384.
Harvath H. and Trier A. A., 1993, Study of the aerosol of Santiago De Chile-I. Light Extinction Coefficient, Atmos. Envir, Vol.27, 371-384.
Hering S., Eldering A. and Seinfeld J. H., 1997, Bimodal Character of Accumulation Mode Aerosol Mass Distributions in Southern California, Atmos. Environ., Vol. 31, 1-11.
Horvath H., 1995, Size Segregated Light Absorption Coefficient of the Atmospheric Aerosol, Atmos. Environ., Vol.29, 875-883.
Hidy G. M., 1975,Summary of the California aerosol characterisation experiment. Journal of Air Pollution Control Association, Vol.25, 1106-1114.
Hidy G. M., 1975,Summary of the California aerosol characterisation experiment. Journal of Air Pollution Control Association, Vol.25, 1106-1114.
Hidy G. M., 1975,Summary of the California aerosol characterisation experiment. Journal of Air Pollution Control Association, Vol.25, 1106-1114.
Hidy G. M., 1975,Summary of the California aerosol characterisation experiment. Journal of Air Pollution Control Association, Vol.25, 1106-1114.
Hidy G. M., 1975,Summary of the California aerosol characterisation experiment. Journal of Air Pollution Control Association, Vol.25, 1106-1114.
Hidy G. M., 1975,Summary of the California aerosol characterisation experiment. Journal of Air Pollution Control Association, Vol.25, 1106-1114.
Lee C. T. and Hsu W. C., 1998, A Novel Method to Measure Aerosol Water Mass, J. Aerosol Science, Vol. 29, 827-837.
Lee C. T., Lin N. H. et al., 1999, Local Circulation and Aerosol Water-soluble Ions —A Case Study in Taiwan during Mei-Yu Season, Chemosphere, Vol. 38, No. 2, 425-443.
Malm W.C. and Johnson C. E., 1984, Opticla Characteristics of Fine and Coarse Particulates at Grand Canyon, Arizona, Atmos. Environ., Vol. 18, 1231-1237.
Malm W.C. and Johnson C. E., 1984, Opticla Characteristics of Fine and Coarse Particulates at Grand Canyon, Arizona, Atmos. Environ., Vol. 18, 1231-1237.
Malm W. C. and Kreidenweis S. M., 1997, The Effects of Models of Aerosol Hygroscopicity on the Apportionment of Extinction, Atmos. Environ., Vol. 31, 1965-1976.
McMurry P. H., 2000, A review of atomospheric aerosol measurements, Atomospheric Environment, Vol. 34, 1959-1999.
Meszaros A., 1977. On the size distribution of atmospheric aerosol particles of different composition, Atmospheric Evironment, Vol. 11, 1075-1081.
Meszaros A., 1977. On the size distribution of atmospheric aerosol particles of different composition, Atmospheric Evironment, Vol. 11, 1075-1081.
Meszaros A., 1977. On the size distribution of atmospheric aerosol particles of different composition, Atmospheric Evironment, Vol. 11, 1075-1081.
Morawska, L., Thomas S., Jamriska M., Johnson G., 1999, The modality of particle size distributions of environmental aerosols, Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 33, 4401-4411.
Morawska, L., Thomas S., Jamriska M., Johnson G., 1999, The modality of particle size distributions of environmental aerosols, Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 33, 4401-4411.
Porter J. N., Clarke A. D., 1997, Aerosol size distribution models vased on in situ measurements, Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 102 (D5), 6035-6045.
Pryor S. C., Simpson R., Sakiyama S.,1997, Visibility and Aerosol Composition in the Fraser Vallry During Reveal, J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc., Vol. 47, 147-156.
Schwartz J., Dockery D. W. and Neas L. M., 1996, Is Daily Mortaility Associated Specifically with Fine Particles?, J. Air & Waste Manage. Assoc., Vol. 46, 927-939.
Sisler J. F., 1994, The Relative Importance of Soluble Aerosols to Spatial and Seasonal Trends of Impaired Visibility in the United States, Atmos. Environ., Vol. 27, 851-862.
Uhliz E. M., Stettler M. and Huene W. H., 1994, Experimental Studies on the Variability of the Extinction Coefficient by Different Air Masses, Atmos. Environ., Vol. 13, 811-814.
Waggoner A. P., Weiss R. E., 1980, Comparison of Fine Particle Mass Concentration and Light Scattering Extinction in Ambient Aerosol, Atmos. Eviron., Vol. 14, 623-326.
Waggoner A. P., Weiss R. E., Ahlquist N. C., Covert D. S., Will S. and Charlson R. J., 1981, Atmos. Environ., 1891-1909.
Waggoner A. P., Weiss R. E., Ahlquist N. C., Covert D. S., Will S. and Charlson R. J., 1981, Atmos. Environ., 1891-1909.
Waggoner A. P., Weiss R. E., Ahlquist N. C., Covert D. S., Will S. and Charlson R. J., 1981, Atmos. Environ., 1891-1909.
Wilson T. R. S., 1975, Salinity and the major elements of sea water, Chemical Oceanography, 1, 2nd edtion., J. P. Riley and G. Skittow (eds.), Academic, Orlando, Fla.
Yoshizumi K., Hoshi A., 1985, Size distribution of ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate in atmospheric aerosol, Environ. Sci. Technol., Vol. 19, 258-261.
Yoshizumi K., Hoshi A., 1985, Size distribution of ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate in atmospheric aerosol, Environ. Sci. Technol., Vol. 19, 258-261.