專注於新產品開發已是現今廠商維持競爭力的重要關鍵，而新產品開發的流程與成果都需仰賴組織知識的有效運用及管理，因此組織必須致力於強化自身的知識管理能力，然而，無論組織規模大小，所能利用的資源皆是有限的，同時也必須審慎地評估外部因素的干擾，所以即便知識管理各流程能力皆應具備，但組織仍需考量多項因素而針對各流程能力有所著重取捨。

本研究將廠商分為著重不同知識管理能力類型的廠商，探討其中對新產品開發績效的差異，同時也納入了影響新產品開發績效的干擾因素：產品創新類型、環境不確定性，以瞭解兩群廠商於此時所呈現的差異。

本研究以國內兩百大製造業為研究對象，進行問卷調查，共發出350份問卷，實際有效問卷為137份，回收率為39.14%，研究分析結果如下：

一、著重不同知識管理能力的廠商，其新產品開發績效並沒有差異。注重知識取得與保護能力的知識擁有型廠商及注重知識轉換與應用能力的知識使用型廠商，他們所呈現的新產品開發績效並沒有差異。
二、考量不同產品創新類型時，不同知識管理能力類型廠商的新產品開發績效具有差異。當產品創新類型為漸進式創新時，知識擁有型廠商其新產品開發績效顯著高於知識使用型廠商；而當產品創新類型為急遽式創新時，知識使用型廠商則擁有較好的績效，分析結果也顯示產品創新類型確實有調節作用。
三、不同環境不確定性下，不同知識管理能力類型廠商的新產品開發績效具有差異。當廠商處於低環境不確定性時，知識擁有型廠商其新產品開發績效顯著高於知識使用型廠商，而當廠商處於高環境不確定性時，雖然知識使用型廠商擁有較好的新產品開發績效，但其差異卻未達顯著水準，即便如此，統計分析結果仍顯示環境不確定性具有調節作用。

Focusing on new product development is the key for today's firms to maintain competitive advantages. Both new product development processes and outcomes rely on the effective use and management of organizational knowledge. Therefore, organization must committed to enhance its knowledge management capabilities. Moreover, considering limited resources and interference of external factors, the organization should focus on the specific part of the knowledge management process.

This study take all samples into two kinds of knowledge management capabilities, then probe the difference of their effect to NPD performances. In addition, this study takes product innovation type and environmental uncertainty as moderating factors to realize their effects to relationship between knowledge management capabilities type and NPD performance.

In this study, five hundreds largest manufacturing were selected, 350 questionnaires were issued, 137 valid questionnaires were actual received, rated 39.14%, research and analysis results are as follows:

1. There is no difference of NPD performance between two kinds of manufacturing： one manufacturing focusing on knowledge acquisition and knowledge protection, the other focusing on knowledge conversion and knowledge application.

2. The moderating factors：product innovation type and environmental uncertainty, both eventually affect the relationship between knowledge management capabilities types and NPD performance.

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