以群體行為分析為目的的跨機構交流區塊鏈平台與鏈下隱私資料之相依管理設計

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研究生：	柯承佑 Cheng-You Ko
論文名稱：	以群體行為分析為目的的跨機構交流區塊鏈平台與鏈下隱私資料之相依管理設計 The Design of Multi-Organization Blockchain Platform For Dependencies Management Between Privacy-Protection and Global-Analysis
指導教授：	蔡孟峰 Meng-Feng Tsai
口試委員:
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	資訊電機學院 - 資訊工程學系 Department of Computer Science & Information Engineering
論文出版年：	2020
畢業學年度：	108
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	42
中文關鍵詞：	智能合約、區塊鏈、去中心化、差分隱私
外文關鍵詞：	smart contract, blockchain, decentralized, differential privacy
相關次數：	點閱：16 下載：0
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本研究為解析群體趨勢與特性、對促進團體交流的使用者提供支援，建立一個讓多個組織同時加入並且在能確保成員資料隱私的情況下進行資訊分享的平台。在去中心化的環境中透過公開透明的規則以及信任機制，以區塊鏈和智能合約作為仲介，讓想參與的組織可以在加入前就掌握平台的運作模式，增加組織參與的信任度，並且有效降低資訊分享的門檻。
雖然透過區塊鏈本身的機制提供了足夠的信任擔當仲介，但在公開平台揭露個人隱私資訊仍有諸多疑慮。於2012 年美國馬賽克理論的案件中指出蒐集許多公開且非重要的訊息片段，進而獲得有價值的資訊之例證與爭議。為了捍衛資訊提供者的隱私權，本研究僅以組織為單位呈現出加總性資料。並且在資料上傳至區塊鏈之前，使用差分隱私機制處理，透過設定隱私保護
參數，於資料的精確度與資料提供者的隱私保護程度之間做取捨，以確保上傳至區塊鏈平台的資料不會過度揭露提供者的個人資訊。

This research created a platform can work with multi-organization and guarantee the privacy of users to support people who want to analyze the trend of group and promote group communication. In decentrailized environment with public rules and trust mechanism, organizations could realize how the platform work before attending. It makes organizations trust the platform, and makes them easier to share information.
Although blockchain already provide sufficient trust to be an intermediary, exposing personal privacy information to public platform is at stake. In 2012, the cases of mosaic theory in U.S.A figure out that collecting a lot public and unimportant information could finally acquire valuable information. To protect users’ privacy, this research only presents adding up result by organizations. Furthermore, we use differential privacy mechanism processing the information before uploading to blockchain. By setting privacy protect parameter, manager can have a trade-off between data accuracy and users’ Privacy.

摘要 ..................................................................................................................................... I
Abstract ............................................................................................................................. II
目錄 ................................................................................................................................... III
表目錄 ................................................................................................................................ V
圖目錄 ............................................................................................................................... VI
一、 緒論 ........................................................................................................................ 1
1-1 研究背景與動機 ........................................................................................... 1
1-2 研究目的 ........................................................................................................ 3
二、 相關研究 ................................................................................................................ 5
2-1 差分隱私 ............................................................................................................. 5
2-1-1 零知識證明 ............................................................................................. 5
2-1-2 安全多方計算 ........................................................................................ 6
2-1-3 三者比較 ................................................................................................. 6
2-2 中介 ..................................................................................................................... 7
2-3 去中心化 ............................................................................................................. 7
2-4 區塊鏈 ................................................................................................................. 8
2-5 以太坊 ................................................................................................................. 8
2-6 智能合約 ............................................................................................................. 9
2-7 Docker ............................................................................................................... 10
三、 系統架構與流程 .................................................................................................. 12
3-1 系統環境與平台架構 ...................................................................................... 12
3-2 系統開發流程 .................................................................................................. 13
四、 研究方法 ................................................................................................................ 15
五、 系統實作 ................................................................................................................ 18
4-1 節點環境標準化 .............................................................................................. 18
4-1-1 Docker 環境架構設計.......................................................................... 18
4-1-2 以太坊私有區塊鏈建立 ...................................................................... 19
4-1-3 以太坊私有網路節點連接 .................................................................. 20
4-2 智能合約開發與測試 ...................................................................................... 21
4-2-1 智能合約架構 ...................................................................................... 21
4-3 智能合約應用規則設計 .................................................................................. 21
4-4 智能合約部署 .................................................................................................. 22
4-5 使用者介面與應用程式開發整合 ................................................................. 23
IV
五、 實驗結果與討論 .................................................................................................... 24
5-1 隱私保護參數與組織數量對誤差的影響 .................................................... 24
5-2 系統設備 ........................................................................................................... 25
5-3 智能合約測試實驗 .......................................................................................... 27
5-4 智能合約的交易時間 ...................................................................................... 29
六、 結論......................................................................................................................... 30
七、 參考文獻 ................................................................................................................ 31
                                

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[2] Cynthia Dwork、Aaron Roth, The Algorithmic Foundations of Differential Privacy, Foundations and Trends ® in Theoretical Computer Science Vol. 9, 2014年
[3] 唐.泰普史考特(Don Tapscott)、亞力士.泰普史考特(Alex Tapscott)著、陳以禮、李芳齡譯，區塊鏈革命:比特幣技術如何影響貨幣、商業和世界運作(Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology Behind Bitcoin is Changing Money, Bussiness, and the World), 天下文化出版社, 2017年
[4] 龔鳴(暴走恭親王)著，寫給未來社會的新帳本—區塊鏈:人類的新型貨幣、終極信任機器與分散治理革命(Decoding Global Blockchain and Investment Case)，大寫出版社，2017年
[5] 徐明星、劉勇、段新星、郭大治，區塊鏈革命:中介消失的未來，改寫商業規則，興起社會革命，經濟大洗牌，遠足文化出版社，2016年
[6] Zero-knowledge proof, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-knowledge_proof
[7] Secure multi-party computation, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_multi-party_computation
[8] Decentralization, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decentralization
[9] Satoshi Nakamoto,“Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System”,2008
[10] Ethereum, https://www.ethereum.org/
[11] Gavin Wood, “Ethereum: A Secure Decentralized Generalised Transaction Ledger”, 2018
[12]楊保華，區塊鏈原理、設計與應用，機械工業出版社，2017年Mail ”,1993
[13]鄒均，張海寧，唐屹，李磊等(2016)。區塊鏈技術指南。機械工業出版社
[14] Ethereum White Paper, https://github.com/ethereum/wiki/wiki/White-Paper
[15] Docker Official Docmentation, https://docs.docker.com/
[16] Solidity, https://github.com/ethereum/solidity
[17] Node.js, https://nodejs.org/en/
[18] Remix, https://remix.ethereum.org/
[19] RinkebyTesnet, https://www.rinkeby.io/
[20] React.js, https://reactjs.org/
[21] MetaMask, https://metamask.io/
[22] Docker Compose, https://docs.docker.com/compose/
[23] Geth, https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/wiki/geth
[24] Web3.js, https://web3js.readthedocs.io/en/1.0/
[25] eth-net-intelligence-api, https://github.com/cubedro/eth-net-intelligence-api
[26] eth-netstats, https://github.com/cubedro/eth-netstats

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