不同水砂比之顆粒流對於渠道回淤及沖積扇堆積型態之影響

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研究生：	王俊凱 Wang-Chun-Kai
論文名稱：	不同水砂比之顆粒流對於渠道回淤及沖積扇堆積型態之影響
指導教授：	周憲德
口試委員:
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 土木工程學系 Department of Civil Engineering
論文出版年：	2017
畢業學年度：	105
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	74
中文關鍵詞：	沖積扇平面堆積、回淤現象、水砂比
外文關鍵詞：	backfilling, avulsion
相關次數：	點閱：14 下載：0
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本研究探討不同水砂比對於渠道回淤與沖積扇堆積形態之影響，實驗使
用的顆粒為粗砂，在不同砂量、不同濃度的水砂比進行實驗，藉此觀察沖
積扇的平面堆積形態變化與歷程以及渠道回淤現象；實驗觀測顆粒由儲存
槽經由渠道堆積於平台上之變化，乾砂顆粒在此坡度渠道之顆粒性質，以
及顆粒摩擦力與邊壁效應對渠道回淤之結果；改變不同的水砂比，對於顆
粒之堆積或回淤造成什麼影響，討論顆粒之向源回淤現象，平面堆積時扇
面之發展情況，在水砂比 n=2.5 之情況下，扇面所觀察到的扇面回填、脫
離改道和河道化現象，以及渠道回淤時不流動層前端發生之渦流現象。

The effect of water-sediment ratio on channel accretion and alluvial fun
aggradation is experimentally explored in this study. The experimental
observation of the sand particles from the upstream storage tank through the
feeding channel, and their final accumulation on the platform were performed by
adjusting different discharges of water and sediment, respectively. The
experimental results show that the progradation of the fan is proportional to the
square root of the time at given discharge. In the cases of the water-sand ratio
greater than 2.1, the processes of backfilling, avulsion and channelization were
observed during the formation of the alluvial fun, while a moving shock
propagated in the upstream direction in the feeding channel.

摘要 .................................................................................................................... I
Abstract .............................................................................................................. II
致謝 .................................................................................................................. III
目錄 .................................................................................................................. IV
圖目錄 .............................................................................................................. VI
表目錄 .............................................................................................................. IX
第一章 緒論 ..................................................................................................... 1
1 前言 ......................................................................................................... 1
2 研究動機 ................................................................................................. 2
3 研究方法 ................................................................................................. 3
4 論文架構 ................................................................................................. 3
第二章 文獻回顧 .............................................................................................. 5
1 沖積扇理論 .............................................................................................. 5
2 沖積扇發展過程 ...................................................................................... 7
3 沖積扇實驗 .............................................................................................. 8
4 影響沖積扇型態之參數 ......................................................................... 10
第三章 實驗設置與研究方法 ........................................................................ 12
1 實驗器材配置 ........................................................................................ 12
2 顆粒材料特性 ........................................................................................ 15
3 雷射標定裝置 ........................................................................................ 16
4 影像擷取設備 ........................................................................................ 17
5 實驗步驟 ............................................................................................... 18
6 平面堆積測量方法 ................................................................................ 19
6.1 沖積扇面時間歷程 .......................................................................... 19
6.2 側向渠道回淤 .................................................................................. 20
第四章 實驗結果與討論 ................................................................................ 21
1 流量測定 ............................................................................................... 21
1.1 水流量測定,QW ............................................................................... 21
1.2 顆粒流量測定,QS ............................................................................. 21
1.3 各組實驗參數 ................................................................................... 22
2 平面堆積歷程 ........................................................................................ 24
2.1 乾砂之平面堆積歷程 ...................................................................... 24
2.2 乾砂之平面堆積歷程無因次化 ...................................................... 33
2.3 不同水砂比之平面堆積歷程 ........................................................... 40
3 渠道回淤堆積 ......................................................................................... 44
3.1 乾砂之渠道回淤堆積 ...................................................................... 44
3.2 不同水砂比之渠道回淤堆積 .......................................................... 51
4 扇面回填、脫離改道、河道化 ............................................................ 55
第五章 結論與建議 ........................................................................................ 57
1 結論 ........................................................................................................ 57
2 建議 ....................................................................................................... 58
參考文獻 ......................................................................................................... 59
                                

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