觀賞運動賽事長久以來是一項重要的娛樂活動，而運動賽事的轉播也一直在電視節目中佔有相當大的比例。隨著數位錄影機的日益普及，許多無法即時欣賞比賽的觀眾會使用數位錄影機錄下賽事以隨後觀賞。考慮到運動比賽通常持續數小時，而比賽精華只佔其中的一部份，若能開發先進的數位錄影設備使其能夠自動地將觀眾感到有興趣的比賽精華部份擷取出來，將可為使用者帶來便利。
在現今的運動賽事轉播中，比賽精華片段會伴隨著慢動作重播，而轉播單位通常會在重播前後加上所謂串場效果以告知觀眾。我們在本論文中提出偵測與運動比賽精華相關之串場效果以達到比賽精華片段的擷取。我們的研究方法將直接處理經由數位廣播所傳來或由數位錄影機所錄製的MPEG串流，從MPEG串流中抽取及計算特徵值以節省訊號處理所需的計算時間與硬體需求。我們使用MPEG串流中所包含的色彩資訊，即DC值，以及動作資訊，包括動作向量以及在畫面中不同型態巨區塊比例等特徵，然後利用串場效果時間短暫、顏色變化與效果移動快速等特性，分析影片以找出可能是串場效果的片段。我們測試了以棒球為主的影片，其中包含了不同型態的串場效果。整體而言可達70%的準確度。

Watching sports videos has always been an important and popular recreation and the broadcasting of sports games takes a large portion of TV programs. With the rapid advancement of digital technologies, audiences nowadays can enjoy watching the sports games at home with their high-quality audio-visual facilities and even record the videos by using digital video recorders (DVR.) When the audiences choose to record the video for time-shift purposes, they may not be interested in watching the whole game but the video highlight parts only. The audiences may be benefited a lot if a novel DVR is developed to extract the highlights from sports videos automatically and accurately.
In the sports videos broadcasting nowadays, the highlights part are always followed by slow-motion replays. Besides, the editor usually inserts a transition effect between the normal frame and the replaying frame to inform the audiences. Therefore, the appearance of a transition effect has a direct linkage to the video highlight. In this thesis, we propose to detect transition effects for sports videos highlight extraction. In order to reduce the computational cost of hardware, the proposed method processes MPEG compressed bit-streams recorded from the DVR directly. We make use of the color information of MPEG streams, i.e., DC coefficients, and the motion information including motion vectors and the macro-block types in frames. Then we analyze to determine whether the transition effects occur by the characteristics of transition effects, which include a short period of appearance, fast color change and object moving etc. We tested several videos of baseball games with different transition effects. The experimental results demonstrate a 70% of accuracy.

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