跳到主要內容

簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

回結果列表
研究生： 黃柏堅
Po-Chien Huang
論文名稱： 考量環保之多項式同步工程產品設計分析法
A set-based concurrent engineering approach for environment-conscious product design
指導教授： 高信培
Hsing-Pei Kao
口試委員:
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 管理學院 - 工業管理研究所
Graduate Institute of Industrial Management
畢業學年度： 94
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 116
中文關鍵詞： 多項式同步工程 、事件驅動流程圖 、多屬性決策方法 、斐式圖
外文關鍵詞： Petri Net, Event-driven process chain, Set-based concurrent engineering
相關次數： 點閱：20  下載：0 
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報

    • 近年來各國之間注重環保的聲音越來越大，政府之間開始規定法規，規定製造商必須處理它們生產出來的所被廢棄的物品。像是廢電子電機設備指令(Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment) 和禁用有害物質條款(Restrictions on the use of certain Hazardous Substances)都會影響以代工電子產品為主要產業活動的臺灣。
    在環保的主題，主要有二塊領域在探討著。一塊是設計具有環保要素的產品；另一塊是研究回收材料的技術領域。本文所研究的會針對於設計環保要素的產品上面。過去傳統只考慮到產品的生產時間以及製造成本，在本文之中，加入了產品回收之後的處理成本和時間考量。在此考量之下，原本在製造時間成本較具有競爭性的產品設計方案，也許會被其它考慮到回收階段的產品設計方案所打敗。
    本文的主要架構是建構在多項式同步工程之下，在此架構之下，製造商將會有一群的產品設計方案。本文將會利用事件驅動流程圖（Event-driven process chain）來規畫產品的整個生命周期，並且利用作業成本制（Activity-based costing）來分析產品所需要的成本以及資源；接著，我們將會利用斐式圖（Petri Net）來模擬產品的整個生命週期流程，進而得之產品在各個階段的時間和成本。最後，我們會利用多屬性決策方法（TOPSIS）評估所有的產品設計方案，並且找出最適合的產品方案。

    Recently, countries and society pay more and more attention to improve environment. For example, Environmentally Conscious Manufacturing and Product Recovery (ECMPRO) has become an obligation to the environment and enforced primarily by governmental regulations. RoHS (Restrictions on the use of certain Hazardous Substances) and WEEE (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment) are set up in Europe, and it will affect the electronic industry especially in Taiwan.
    Considering environment issue, there are two commonly accepted primary objectives have been gaining momentum. One is creating environment products, and the other is developing techniques for product recovery and waste management. This research focuses on creating environment products. At designing product stage, designer consider many factors to gain the lowest time and cost. In traditionally, a designer estimates forward logistics issue and this research will extend the scope that includes reverse logistic.
    Propose of this research is building a decision support framework. Scheme of this research is developing a Set-based concurrent engineering approach for environment product design. SBCE seeks to regions of the design space, characterize boundaries of current capabilities and discover where these boundaries can be expanded. There are two benefits of applying SBCE. One is firms could get more competitively product alternative by intensifying competition between the design teams. The other is the unselected design alternatives can keep on record to reuse for future if business condition changes.
    This research will accord several steps to model this decision support framework with SBCE for environment-conscious product design. We will model the process according the product life cycle, and apply the Activity-based costing to calculate the cost. Finally, we simulate this model by Petri net and evaluate by TOPSIS.

    Table of Content Table of Content VI List of Figures VIII List of Tables X CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Background 1 1.2 Motivation 3 1.3 Propose 3 CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW 6 2.1 Review of Environment-conscious product design 6 2.1.1 Life Cycle Analysis or Assessment (LCA) 6 2.1.2 The steps of Activity-Based LCA 7 2.1.3 Cost issues in each stage of life cycle design 8 2.2 Design for environment (DFE) 9 2.2.1 Strategies of Design for environment 9 2.3 Reverse logistics 10 2.3.1 Information flow within the reverse distribution channel 11 2.4 Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) 15 2.5 Overview of Set-based Concurrent Engineering 17 CHAPTER III MODELING FRAMEWORK AND TOOLS 19 3.1 Framework of SBCE_EC product design 19 3.1.1 The stage of Generation of design alternative 21 3.1.2 The stage of Evaluation of design alternative: 21 3.1.3 The stage of Prioritization of design alternative: 22 3.2 Methodology and application tools 23 3.2.1 Event-driven Process Diagram 23 3.2.2 High Level Petri Nets 24 3.2.3 Activity-Based Costing 29 3.2.4 Technique for order Preference by similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) 32 CHAPTER IV IMPLEMENTATION OF MODEL 33 4.1 Processing Modeling 34 4.1.1 Product Assemble process 36 4.1.2 Product use process 38 4.1.3 Used Product collect process 38 4.1.4 Remanufacture process 44 4.1.5 Recycle process and Disposal process 46 4.2 Cost Model 48 4.2.1 Activity-based costing model 48 4.3 Petri Net Model 54 4.3.1 EPC with ABC model translates to Petri Net 56 4.4 TOPSIS for EC-product design 58 4.4.1 Criteria in Environment conscious product design 58 4.4.2 Steps of TOPSIS 59 CHAPTER V CASE STUDY 62 5.1 Cell phone industries 62 5.1.1 Cellular Phone Waste 62 5.1.2 Requirements of the WEEE for cellular phones 63 5.2 Construct the simulation model 63 5.2.1 Introduction to CPN-tools 63 5.2.2. Important points in model with CPN-tool 65 5.3 Case Description 73 5.3.1 0th level Petri Nets 76 5.3.2 1st level Petri Nets 76 5.3.3 2nd level Petri Nets 86 5.4 Simulation 95 5.5 TOPSIS 99 5.6 Improving Case – Module in product design 103 5.6.1 Advantages of modularity 103 5.6.2 2nd level Petri Nets in design alternative 3 105 5.6.3 Simulate result of design alternative 3 109 5.6.4 TOPSIS include design alternative 3 110 5.7 Summary 111 CHAPTER VI CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 112 6.1 Conclusions 112 6.2 Recommendations for Future Study 113 Reference 114

    Reference
    Aalst, W.M.P. van der, “Formalization and verification of event-driven process chains” Information and Software Technology, Vol. 41, No. 10, pp.639-650, 1999
    Alting, L. and Jorgensen, J., “The life cycle concept as a basis for sustainable industrial production,” Annals of the CIRP, Vol. 42(1), pp. 163-167, 1993
    Alting, L. L., "Designing for a Lifetime,” Manufacturing Breakthrough 2, No.3 p29-33, 1993
    Alting, L., “Life-cycle design of products: a new opportunity for manufacturing enterprises.” Concurrent Engineering: Automation, Tools, and Techniques, p1-17, 1993
    Askiner G., and Gutpa, S. M., “Issues in environmentally conscious manufacturing and product recovevry: a survey”. Computers & Industrial Engineering, Vol. 36, pp. 811-853, 1999
    Benda M., Narayan,R., & Sticklen, J., “Use of expert systems for life cycle analysis.” Automobile Life Cycle Tools and Recycling Technologies, SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers) Technical Paper Series, 1993
    Billatos, Samir B., Nevrekar, Vishnu V., “Challenges and practical solutions to designing for the environment.” In: ASME Design for Manufacturability Conference, Vol. 67, p.49-64, 1994
    Boks, C. "Assessment of Future End-of-Life Scenarios for Consumer Electronic Products." Design for Sustainability, Delft, NL, Delft University of Technology, 2000
    Brezet H. and Carolien Van Hemel, “Ecodesign - A promising approach to sustainable production and consumption,” United Nations Publications, ISBN 92-807-1631-X, 1997
    Catherine Michelle, “Design for Environment. A Method for formulating product End-of-Life Strategies” Ph.D. Thesis, Stanford University, 2000
    Das S.K., Yedlarajiah P., & Narendra R., “An approach for estimating the end-of-life product disassembly effort and cost”, International Journal of Production Research, Vol. 38, No. 3, pp. 657-673, 2000
    Durward K., Allen C. Ward & Jeffrey K. “Toyota s Principles of Set-Based Concurrent Engineering” Operation Management and Research, Vol. 40, No.2, pp. 67-83, 1999
    Emblemsvåg J. and Bras B., “Integrating Economic and Environmental Performance Measurements Using Activity-Based LCA”, Sixth International Seminar on Life Cycle Engineering, 1999.
    Fabrycky, Wolter J. and Benjamin S. Blanchard, “Life-Cycle Cost and Economic Analysis”, .Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, ISBN 0-13-538323-4, 1991.
    Ferguson, N. & Browne, J. “Issues in end-of-life product recovery and reverse logistics”, Journal of Production, Planning, & Control, Vol. 12, No. 5, pp. 534-547, 2001
    Ferrer, G., “Communicating developments in product recovery”, working paper, INSEAD, France, 1997
    Feuchter, C.A., Neuman, K.M., Sparrow, K.J. and van Meter, C., “When is a satellite not a toaster”, Proceedings of the 23rd conference on winter simulation, p499–508, 1991
    Fiksel J. “Design for environment: creating eco-efficient products and processes.” McGraw-Hill, 1996
    Gooley, T., “Reverse logistics five steps to success.” Logistics Management and Distribution Report, Vol. 37, No.6, pp.49-55, 1998
    Gungor, A., Gupta, S.M., “Issues in environmentally conscious manufacturing and product recovery: a survey”, Computers and Industrial Engineering, Vol. 36, No. 4, p 811-853, 1999
    Gupta, M. S. and Veerakamolmal, P., “Analysis of Design Efficiency for the Disassembly of Modular Electronic Products”, Journal of Electronics Manufacturing, Vol.9, No.1, pp 79-95, 1999
    Horvath, A., Hendrickson, C. T., Lave, L. B., and McMichael, F. C., “Performance Measurement for Environmentally-Conscious Manufacturing”, Proceedings of the 1995 ASME International Congress and Exposition, Manufacturing Science and Engineering MED-Vol. 2-2/MH-Vol. 3-2,.1995
    Hwang, C. L., & Yoon K., “Multiple Attribute Decision Making: Methods and Application.” Springer-Verlag, New York, 1981.
    Hwang, C. L., Lai, Y. J., Liu, T. Y., “A new approach for multiple objective decision making”. Computer Operation Research, Vol. 20, pp. 889-899, 1993
    Ishii K. “Design for Environment and Recycling: Overview of Research in the United States”, Proceedings of CIRP 5th International Seminar on Life-cycle Engineering, p16-18, 1998
    Ishii K., Eubanks C. F., and Dimarco P., “Design for product retirement and material life-cycle”, Materials and Design, Vol. 15 (4), pp.225- 233, 1994
    Kao H. P., “Design for Logistics in Set-Based Concurrent Engineering Environment”, Journal of the Chinese Institute of Industrial Engineers, Vol. 23, No. 1, 2006
    Keoleian GA., & Menerey D., “Sustainable development by design: review of life cycle design and related approaches”. Journal of Air & Waste Management Association; Vol. 44(5), pp. 644-668, 1994
    Kim, G., Park, C. S., & Yoon, K. P., “Identifying investment opportunities for advanced manufacturing systems with comparative-integrated performance measurement,“ International Journal of Production Economics, Vol. 50 (1), p23-33, 1997
    Miettinen P., “How to benefit from decision analysis in environmental life cycle assessment (LCA)” European Journal of Operational Research, Vol. 102, pp. 279-294, 1997
    Mikkola, J. H., “Modularization assessment of product architecture”, in the Proceedings of DRUID’s Winter Conference, Vol. 2, 2000
    Offermans. D., “Advantages of modularity” proceeding from the 2nd seminar on development of modular products, 2004
    Roy, R., and Whelan, R., “Successful recycling through value chain collaboration.” Long Range Planning, Vol. 25, No. 4, pp.62-71, 1992
    Scheer A. W., “Business Process Engineering: Reference Models for Industrial Enterprise”, Springer-Verlag, 1999
    Seliger G., Keil T., Rebafka U., & Stenzel A., “Flexible disassembly tools”, IEEE International Symposium on Electronics and the Environment, 2001.
    Turney, P. B., “Common Cents: The ABC Performance Breakthrough”, Cost Technology, McGraw-Hill, 1992
    Veroutis AD., and Fava JA., “Framework for the development of metrics for design for environment assessment of products.” In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Electronics and the Environment, p13-24, 1996
    Ward A., Liker J. K., Sobek D., and Cristiano, J., “The second Toyota paradox: how delaying decisions can make better cars faster”. Sloan Management Review, Vol. 36, No. 3, p43-61, 1995
    Workflow Management Coalition, “Workflow management coalition terminology and glossary”. Technical Report (WFMC-TC-1011). Workflow Management Coalition , 1996
    Yan, X., and Gu, P., “Assembly/disassembly sequence planning for life-cycle cost estimation” Manufacturing Science and Engineering, ASME, MED-2 (2)/Mh-3 (2), pp.935- 956, 1995
    http://www.motorola.com/EHS/environment/products/
    http://www.daimi.au.dk/CPnets/intro/
    OSD Comptroller iCenter, http://www.dod.mil/computroller/icenter

    QR CODE
    :::