鐵基金屬玻璃破裂韌性提升及其積層製造用粉體製作之研究

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研究生：	紀宇哲 Yu-Che Chi
論文名稱：	鐵基金屬玻璃破裂韌性提升及其積層製造用粉體製作之研究 Improvement of fracture toughness on Fe-based bulk metallic glass and fabrication of its powder for additive manufacturing
指導教授：	鄭憲清 Shian-Ching Jang
口試委員:
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 材料科學與工程研究所 Graduate Institute of Materials Science & Engineering
論文出版年：	2018
畢業學年度：	106
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	116
中文關鍵詞：	鐵基金屬玻璃、氣噴粉體法、積層製造、破裂韌性
外文關鍵詞：	Fe-based bulk metallic glass, gas atomization, additive manufacturing, fracture toughness
相關次數：	點閱：14 下載：0
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本研究以Fe-Cr-Mo-C-B-Y-Co七元合金成分作為基礎，透過真空感應高週波熔煉並澆鑄成鐵基金屬玻璃合金鑄錠，再以氣噴粉體法(Gas atomization)製備出鐵基金屬玻璃球型粉體，每一爐次粉體均經搖篩機篩分後，再以X光繞射分析確認粉體非晶性。研究結果顯示粉體粒徑53μm以下皆為非晶態，粉體粒徑>53 μm則有微量碳化鉻(Cr23C6)結晶相產生；同時，隨著粉體粒徑上升，碳化鉻結晶峰之峰值強度也隨之提高；粉體外觀呈現球形且其截面為實心構造，適合積層製造使用。積層製造為目前被認為最有能力實行異型水路製作的技術，未來會將鐵基金屬玻璃粉體應用於積層製造MIM異型水路模具。然而，鐵基金屬玻璃雖擁有高強度、高硬度及優異的耐腐蝕性，但由於其韌性仍嫌不足，必須加以提升，方可應用在MIM異型水路模具上。所以本研究同時致力於鐵基金屬玻璃韌性提升之研究，藉由微量添加不同比例之銅元素進行改質，藉以提升此基材之破裂韌性。以真空傾倒式鑄造製備出4 mm之鐵基金屬玻璃棒材時，由於內添加之銅元素於鐵基合金中的鐵元素在高溫熔融狀態下不互溶，於急速冷卻下會被析出至鐵基合金的基地組織中，同時於基地組織中也可觀察到另一析出相，碳化釔(Y2C)析出相。研究結果顯示，添加銅元素之鐵基金屬玻璃之破裂韌性比其基材有顯著之提升，其破裂韌性數值由4.78 ± 0.9 MPa∙√m提升至8.18± 1 MPa∙√m。

In this study, the composition of Fe-Cr-Mo-C-B-Y-Co 7 components was selected as the base alloy to prepare the alloy ingot by vacuum induction melting. Then, the alloy ingots were re-melted and fabricated into metallic glass powder by inert gas atomization in Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI, Hsinchu). The atomized powders were sieved by a sieve shaker to classify the powder size and obtain the size distribution of powder. Different sizes’ powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction to identify its amorphous state, respectively. Meanwhile, the surface morphology and cross-sectional image of atomized powders were examined by scanning electron microscope.
As a result, the atomized powders with particle size less than 53μm exhibit a fully amorphous state. On the contrary, the powder with particle size above 53μm was found to contain a little chromium carbide (Cr23C6) phase co-existing with the amorphous matrix. The intensity of Cr23C6 crystalline peak increases with increasing the powder size. In addition, the appearance and cross-sectional image of the atomized powders were revealed to have a spherical shape and solid structure, respectively by the observation of scanning electron microscope. These atomized Fe-based MG powders are recognized suitable for additive manufacturing application on metal injection mold (MIM). However, though the Fe-based metallic glass alloy has excellent glass forming ability, high strength, high hardness, and superior corrosion resistance, its fracture toughness may still not strong enough to meet the requirement of MIM mold and need to be further improved. Therefore, the Fe-based metallic glass alloy was modified by adding small amount of Cu to enhance its fracture toughness. The Fe-based bulk metallic glass (BMG) rods with 4 mm in diameter were successfully fabricated by vacuum tilt casting. During rapid cooling, Cu acts as a heterogeneous nucleation site to induce -phase iron precipitation 1n the Fe-based amorphous matrix. The results show that Fe-based BMG added with 3 at% Cu presents higher fracture toughness value (8.18± 1 MPa∙√m) than the based one (4.78 ± 0.9 MPa∙√m ).

中文摘要    I
Abstract    II
致謝    IV
目錄    V
表目錄    IX
圖目錄    X
第一章 緒論    1
1-1  前言    1
1-2  研究目的與動機    2
第二章 文獻回顧    8
2-1  金屬玻璃合金概述    8
2-2  金屬玻璃合金發展歷史    8
2-2  鐵基金屬玻璃合金    10
2-3  金屬玻璃合金材料設計與製作    12
2-3-1  實驗歸納法則    12
2-3-2  金屬玻璃合金製程    13
2-4  金屬玻璃合金性質    15
2-4-1  熱力學    15
2-4-2  特徵溫度:    16
2-4-3  玻璃形成能力(GFA，glass forming ability)    17
2-5  機械性質    18
2-5-1  維克氏硬度量測    19
2-5-2  破裂韌性    19
2-6  氣噴法粉體製備    20
2-7  積層製造    21
2-7-1  選擇性雷射融化燒結    22
2-7-2  鐵基金屬玻璃粉體應用於積層製造    23
第三章 實驗步驟與方法    31
3-1  實驗目的    31
3-2  合金材料製備    31
3-2-1  合金配製    31
3-2-2  鑄錠熔煉    32
3-2-3 粉體製備(氣噴粉體法)    32
3-2-4　XRD確認粉體於各粒徑之結構    33
3-2-5　SEM觀察球狀粉體表面形貌    33
3-3 積層製造    34
3-4  合金熔煉    34
3-5  真空傾倒式鑄造法(Tilt casting)    35
3-6  材料性質分析    35
3-6-1積層製造工件之能量密度計算    35
3-6-2積層製造工件之立體顯微鏡分析    36
3-6-3  微結構分析(X光繞射)    36
3-6-4  熱性質分析    36
3-6-5  塊材硬度量測    37
3-6-6  楊式模數量測    37
3-6-7  破裂韌性量測    38
3-6-8  表面形貌分析    38
第四章 結果與討論    49
4-1  鐵基金屬玻璃氣噴粉之性質分析    49
4-1-1  製備鐵基金屬玻璃粉體    49
4-1-2  X-ray繞射分析    50
4-1-3  掃描式電子顯微鏡表貌觀察    50
4-2  粉體雷射積層製造測試分析    51
4-2　　粉體燒結面型參數    51
4-2-1　立體顯微鏡觀察    52
4-2-2　面型燒熔層與層積層掃描方式相同    53
4-3  微量添加銅之鐵基金屬玻璃塊材    53
4-3-1  X-ray繞射分析    54
4-3-2  熱性質分析    54
4-3-3  機械性質分析    55
4-3-3-1  塊材硬度量測與破裂韌性量測    56
4-3-3-2  壓縮測試結果    56
4-3-4  掃描式電子顯微鏡    56
第五章 結論    88
第六章 參考文獻    91


                                

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