中小型燃煤鍋爐粒狀污染物、硫氧化物及氮氧化物經串聯控制設備後之去除效率探討研究-以桃園市為例

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研究生：	張文權 Wen-Chuan Chang
論文名稱：	中小型燃煤鍋爐粒狀污染物、硫氧化物及氮氧化物經串聯控制設備後之去除效率探討研究-以桃園市為例 The removal efficiencies of pollutants emitted from coal-fired boilers under different control strategies - A case study of Taoyuan City
指導教授：	蕭大智 Ta-Chin Hsiao
口試委員:
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 環境工程研究所 Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering
論文出版年：	2016
畢業學年度：	104
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	80
中文關鍵詞：	中小型燃煤鍋爐、串聯組合、去除效率
外文關鍵詞：	small and medium sized coal-fired boiler, series connection combination, removal efficiency
相關次數：	點閱：16 下載：0
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桃園市環保局為掌握中小型燃煤鍋爐空氣污染物排放狀況，自100年起針對首次申請操作許可證進行防制設備效率驗證，其目的是為了驗證業者在使用煤炭燃料時，現場實際操作防制設備是否能達到許可核定之去除效率標準，所以試車檢測數據正確性相當重要。
本文以中小型燃煤鍋爐設有防制設備之串聯組合串聯組合串聯組合串聯組合 1( 旋風集塵器、旋風集塵器、旋風集塵器、旋風集塵器、旋風集塵器、旋風集塵器、洗滌塔洗滌塔 )、串聯組合、串聯組合 2( 旋風集塵器、洗滌塔旋風集塵器、洗滌塔旋風集塵器、洗滌塔旋風集塵器、洗滌塔 )、串聯組合、串聯組合 3( 旋風集塵器、袋式洗滌塔風集塵器、袋式洗滌塔風集塵器、袋式洗滌塔風集塵器、袋式洗滌塔風集塵器、袋式洗滌塔 )為研究對象，彙整100年至103年中小型燃煤鍋爐試車檢測操作條件之煤炭使用量、含硫量及乾基風量與粒狀物、硫氧化物及氮氧化物未經防制設備排放量、管道排放量、實際與許可防制設備去除效率。針對煤炭使用量、含硫量及乾基風量與前端排放數據的相關性，並分析串聯組合1~3去除效率的差異性。
研究結果顯示，煤炭使用量、含硫可作為檢核粒狀物氧化煤炭使用量、含硫可作為檢核粒狀物氧化煤炭使用量、含硫可作為檢核粒狀物氧化煤炭使用量、含硫可作為檢核粒狀物氧化煤炭使用量、含硫可作為檢核粒狀物氧化煤炭使用量、含硫可作為檢核粒狀物氧化煤炭使用量、含硫可作為檢核粒狀物氧化煤炭使用量、含硫可作為檢核粒狀物氧化煤炭使用量、含硫可作為檢核粒狀物氧化煤炭使用量、含硫可作為檢核粒狀物氧化物及氮氧化的前端排放量檢測數據之正確性；乾基風可作為核物及氮氧化的前端排放量檢測數據之正確性；乾基風可作為核物及氮氧化的前端排放量檢測數據之正確性；乾基風可作為核物及氮氧化的前端排放量檢測數據之正確性；乾基風可作為核物及氮氧化的前端排放量檢測數據之正確性；乾基風可作為核物及氮氧化的前端排放量檢測數據之正確性；乾基風可作為核物及氮氧化的前端排放量檢測數據之正確性；乾基風可作為核物及氮氧化的前端排放量檢測數據之正確性；乾基風可作為核物及氮氧化的前端排放量檢測數據之正確性；乾基風可作為核物及氮氧化的前端排放量檢測數據之正確性；乾基風可作為核物及氮氧化的前端排放量檢測數據之正確性；乾基風可作為核氮氧化物的前端排放量檢測數據之正確性。分析串聯組合氮氧化物的前端排放量檢測數據之正確性。分析串聯組合氮氧化物的前端排放量檢測數據之正確性。分析串聯組合氮氧化物的前端排放量檢測數據之正確性。分析串聯組合氮氧化物的前端排放量檢測數據之正確性。分析串聯組合氮氧化物的前端排放量檢測數據之正確性。分析串聯組合氮氧化物的前端排放量檢測數據之正確性。分析串聯組合 1~3 防制設防制設備對粒狀物、硫氧化及氮的實際與許可去除效率得知串聯組備對粒狀物、硫氧化及氮的實際與許可去除效率得知串聯組備對粒狀物、硫氧化及氮的實際與許可去除效率得知串聯組備對粒狀物、硫氧化及氮的實際與許可去除效率得知串聯組備對粒狀物、硫氧化及氮的實際與許可去除效率得知串聯組備對粒狀物、硫氧化及氮的實際與許可去除效率得知串聯組備對粒狀物、硫氧化及氮的實際與許可去除效率得知串聯組備對粒狀物、硫氧化及氮的實際與許可去除效率得知串聯組備對粒狀物、硫氧化及氮的實際與許可去除效率得知串聯組備對粒狀物、硫氧化及氮的實際與許可去除效率得知串聯組合3為優先組合。為優先組合。為

In order to grasp air pollutant emission of small and medium In order to grasp air pollutant emission of small and medium In order to grasp air pollutant emission of small and medium In order to grasp air pollutant emission of small and medium In order to grasp air pollutant emission of small and medium In order to grasp air pollutant emission of small and medium In order to grasp air pollutant emission of small and medium In order to grasp air pollutant emission of small and medium In order to grasp air pollutant emission of small and medium In order to grasp air pollutant emission of small and medium In order to grasp air pollutant emission of small and mediumIn order to grasp air pollutant emission of small and medium In order to grasp air pollutant emission of small and medium In order to grasp air pollutant emission of small and medium-sized coal -fired boilers, Taoyuan Environmental Protection Agency conducted fired boilers, Taoyuan Environmental Protection Agency conducted fired boilers, Taoyuan Environmental Protection Agency conducted fired boilers, Taoyuan Environmental Protection Agency conducted fired boilers, Taoyuan Environmental Protection Agency conducted fired boilers, Taoyuan Environmental Protection Agency conducted fired boilers, Taoyuan Environmental Protection Agency conducted fired boilers, Taoyuan Environmental Protection Agency conducted fired boilers, Taoyuan Environmental Protection Agency conducted fired boilers, Taoyuan Environmental Protection Agency conducted fired boilers, Taoyuan Environmental Protection Agency conducted fired boilers, Taoyuan Environmental Protection Agency conducted fired boilers, Taoyuan Environmental Protection Agency conducted fired boilers, Taoyuan Environmental Protection Agency conducted fired boilers, Taoyuan Environmental Protection Agency conducted efficiency verification of control equipment for first applied operation efficiency verification of control equipment for first applied operation efficiency verification of control equipment for first applied operation efficiency verification of control equipment for first applied operation efficiency verification of control equipment for first applied operation efficiency verification of control equipment for first applied operation efficiency verification of control equipment for first applied operation efficiency verification of control equipment for first applied operation efficiency verification of control equipment for first applied operation efficiency verification of control equipment for first applied operation efficiency verification of control equipment for first applied operation efficiency verification of control equipment for first applied operation efficiency verification of control equipment for first applied operation permit permit since 2011, to verify whether actual operation of on since 2011, to verify whether actual operation of on since 2011, to verify whether actual operation of on since 2011, to verify whether actual operation of onsince 2011, to verify whether actual operation of on since 2011, to verify whether actual operation of on since 2011, to verify whether actual operation of on since 2011, to verify whether actual operation of on since 2011, to verify whether actual operation of on since 2011, to verify whether actual operation of on since 2011, to verify whether actual operation of on-site control site control site control site control equipment can reach the standard of removal efficiency a equipment can reach the standard of removal efficiency a equipment can reach the standard of removal efficiency a equipment can reach the standard of removal efficiency a equipment can reach the standard of removal efficiency a equipment can reach the standard of removal efficiency a equipment can reach the standard of removal efficiency a equipment can reach the standard of removal efficiency a equipment can reach the standard of removal efficiency a equipment can reach the standard of removal efficiency a equipment can reach the standard of removal efficiency a equipment can reach the standard of removal efficiency aequipment can reach the standard of removal efficiency a equipment can reach the standard of removal efficiency a equipment can reach the standard of removal efficiency a pplication pplication and checked when users burn coal, therefore, correctness of test run data is checked when users burn coal, therefore, correctness of test run data is checked when users burn coal, therefore, correctness of test run data is checked when users burn coal, therefore, correctness of test run data is checked when users burn coal, therefore, correctness of test run data is checked when users burn coal, therefore, correctness of test run data is checked when users burn coal, therefore, correctness of test run data is checked when users burn coal, therefore, correctness of test run data is checked when users burn coal, therefore, correctness of test run data is checked when users burn coal, therefore, correctness of test run data is checked when users burn coal, therefore, correctness of test run data is checked when users burn coal, therefore, correctness of test run data is checked when users burn coal, therefore, correctness of test run data is checked when users burn coal, therefore, correctness of test run data is checked when users burn coal, therefore, correctness of test run data is checked when users burn coal, therefore, correctness of test run data is great importance. great importance. great importance. great importance. great importance. great importance.
This paper takes series This paper takes series This paper takes series connection combination 1 (cyclone, connection combination 1 (cyclone, connection combination 1 (cyclone, connection combination 1 (cyclone, connection combination 1 (cyclone, connection combination 1 (cyclone, connection combination 1 (cyclone, connection combination 1 (cyclone, connection combination 1 (cyclone, connection combination 1 (cyclone, connection combination 1 (cyclone, scrubbers), combination 2 (cyclone, scrubbers, scrubber) and scrubbers), combination 2 (cyclone, scrubbers, scrubber) and scrubbers), combination 2 (cyclone, scrubbers, scrubber) and scrubbers), combination 2 (cyclone, scrubbers, scrubber) and scrubbers), combination 2 (cyclone, scrubbers, scrubber) and scrubbers), combination 2 (cyclone, scrubbers, scrubber) and scrubbers), combination 2 (cyclone, scrubbers, scrubber) and scrubbers), combination 2 (cyclone, scrubbers, scrubber) and scrubbers), combination 2 (cyclone, scrubbers, scrubber) and scrubbers), combination 2 (cyclone, scrubbers, scrubber) and scrubbers), combination 2 (cyclone, scrubbers, scrubber) and scrubbers), combination 2 (cyclone, scrubbers, scrubber) and scrubbers), combination 2 (cyclone, scrubbers, scrubber) and scrubbers), combination 2 (cyclone, scrubbers, scrubber) and scrubbers), combination 2 (cyclone, scrubbers, scrubber) and scrubbers), combination 2 (cyclone, scrubbers, scrubber) and scrubbers), combination 2 (cyclone, scrubbers, scrubber) and scrubbers), combination 2 (cyclone, scrubbers, scrubber) and scrubbers), combination 2 (cyclone, scrubbers, scrubber) and scrubbers), combination 2 (cyclone, scrubbers, scrubber) and scrubbers), combination 2 (cyclone, scrubbers, scrubber) and scrubbers), combination 2 (cyclone, scrubbers, scrubber) and 3 (cyclone, bag filter, scrubbers) of small and medium 3 (cyclone, bag filter, scrubbers) of small and medium 3 (cyclone, bag filter, scrubbers) of small and medium 3 (cyclone, bag filter, scrubbers) of small and medium 3 (cyclone, bag filter, scrubbers) of small and medium 3 (cyclone, bag filter, scrubbers) of small and medium 3 (cyclone, bag filter, scrubbers) of small and medium 3 (cyclone, bag filter, scrubbers) of small and medium 3 (cyclone, bag filter, scrubbers) of small and medium3 (cyclone, bag filter, scrubbers) of small and medium3 (cyclone, bag filter, scrubbers) of small and medium 3 (cyclone, bag filter, scrubbers) of small and medium-sized coal sized coal sized coal -fired fired boilers boilers ’ control equipment as research object, to collect coal consumption, control equipment as research object, to collect coal consumption, control equipment as research object, to collect coal consumption, control equipment as research object, to collect coal consumption, control equipment as research object, to collect coal consumption, control equipment as research object, to collect coal consumption, control equipment as research object, to collect coal consumption, control equipment as research object, to collect coal consumption, control equipment as research object, to collect coal consumption, control equipment as research object, to collect coal consumption, control equipment as research object, to collect coal consumption, control equipment as research object, to collect coal consumption, control equipment as research object, to collect coal consumption, control equipment as research object, to collect coal consumption, control equipment as research object, to collect coal consumption, control equipment as research object, to collect coal consumption, control equipment as research object, to collect coal consumption, control equipment as research object, to collect coal consumption, control equipment as research object, to collect coal consumption, control equipment as research object, to collect coal consumption, control equipment as research object, to collect coal consumption, control equipment as research object, to collect coal consumption, control equipment as research object, to collect coal consumption, control equipment as research object, to collect coal consumption, sulfur content, sulfur content, sulfur content, sulfur content, dried basis airflow ried basis airflow ried basis airflow ried basis airflow, p articulate matter, SO articulate matter, SO articulate matter, SO articulate matter, SO X and NO and NO X without treatment of control without treatment of control without treatment of control without treatment of control without treatment of control without treatment of control without treatment of control without treatment of control without treatment of control without treatment of control equipment equipment equipment equipment , stackstack emission emission emission, and removal , and removal , and removal , and removal , and removal , and removal efficiency of actual and a efficiency of actual and a efficiency of actual and a efficiency of actual and a efficiency of actual and a efficiency of actual and a efficiency of actual and a pplication pplication control equipm control equipm control equipm control equipm ent from 2011 to 2014. ent from 2011 to 2014. ent from 2011 to 2014. ent from 2011 to 2014. ent from 2011 to 2014. ent from 2011 to 2014. ent from 2011 to 2014. ent from 2011 to 2014. ent from 2011 to 2014. Based on correlation of coal consumption, sulfur content, Based on correlation of coal consumption, sulfur content, Based on correlation of coal consumption, sulfur content, Based on correlation of coal consumption, sulfur content, Based on correlation of coal consumption, sulfur content, Based on correlation of coal consumption, sulfur content, Based on correlation of coal consumption, sulfur content, Based on correlation of coal consumption, sulfur content, Based on correlation of coal consumption, sulfur content, Based on correlation of coal consumption, sulfur content, Based on correlation of coal consumption, sulfur content, Based on correlation of coal consumption, sulfur content, Based on correlation of coal consumption, sulfur content, Based on correlation of coal consumption, sulfur content, Based on correlation of coal consumption, sulfur content, Based on correlation of coal consumption, sulfur content, dried basis ried basis airflow airflow and front and front and front -end end emission emission emission emission, it analyzes different among removal , it analyzes different among removal , it analyzes different among removal , it analyzes different among removal , it analyzes different among removal , it analyzes different among removal , it analyzes different among removal , it analyzes different among removal , it analyzes different among removal , it analyzes different among removal , it analyzes different among removal , it analyzes different among removal efficiency of series connection efficiency of series connection efficiency of series connection efficiency of series connection efficiency of series connection efficiency of series connection efficiency of series connection efficiency of series connection combination combinationcombination combination combination 1-3.
The results of this study show The results of this study show The results of this study show The results of this study show The results of this study show the u the u the usage amount amount amount and sulfur content and sulfur content and sulfur content of coal, can check the correctness e of coal, can check the correctness e of coal, can check the correctness e of coal, can check the correctness e of coal, can check the correctness e of coal, can check the correctness e of coal, can check the correctness e of coal, can check the correctness e of coal, can check the correctness e mission concentrationmission concentrationmission concentration mission concentration mission concentration mission concentration mission concentration mission concentration mission concentration before before before control equipment control equipment control equipment control equipment control equipment control equipment s, including s, including s, including s, including particulate matter, SO particulate matter, SO particulate matter, SOparticulate matter, SO particulate matter, SO particulate matter, SO X and NO and NOX; dried basis airflow can check the correctness of NO basis airflow can check the correctness of NO basis airflow can check the correctness of NO basis airflow can check the correctness of NO basis airflow can check the correctness of NO basis airflow can check the correctness of NO basis airflow can check the correctness of NO basis airflow can check the correctness of NO basis airflow can check the correctness of NO basis airflow can check the correctness of NO X emission concentrationmission concentration mission concentration mission concentration mission concentration mission concentration mission concentration mission concentration before before control equipmen control equipmen control equipmen control equipmen control equipmen ts; compare comparecomparecompare d with d with removal efficiency removal efficiency removal efficiency removal efficiency removal efficiency removal efficiency removal efficiency of particulate matter, SO particulate matter, SO particulate matter, SOparticulate matter, SO particulate matter, SO particulate matter, SO X and NO and NOX, between actual operation and , between actual operation and , between actual operation and , between actual operation and , between actual operation and , between actual operation and emissions emissions emissions emissions emissions permit permit in three three three three series connection series connection series connection series connection type of type of type of control equipment control equipment s, combination combination combination combination combination 3 (cyclone, bag filter, scrubbers) 3 (cyclone, bag filter, scrubbers) 3 (cyclone, bag filter, scrubbers) 3 (cyclone, bag filter, scrubbers) 3 (cyclone, bag filter, scrubbers) 3 (cyclone, bag filter, scrubbers) 3 (cyclone, bag filter, scrubbers) is t he better choice he better choice of series conn series conn series connection ection ection combination combinationcombination combination combination.

中文摘要 中文摘要 ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................ I
Abstract AbstractAbstract Abstract Abstract ................................ ................................ ................................ .......................... II
誌謝 ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................... III
目錄 ................................ ................................ ................................ .............................. IV
表目錄 表目錄 ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................... VI
圖目錄 圖目錄 ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................ VII
第一章、前言 第一章、前言 ................................ ................................ ................................ ............... 1
1.1 研究緣起 研究緣起 ................................ ................................ ................................ ................. 1
1.2 研究目的 研究目的 ................................ ................................ ................................ ................. 2
第二章、文獻回顧 第二章、文獻回顧 第二章、文獻回顧 ................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 3
2.1 鍋爐系統 鍋爐系統 ................................ ................................ ................................ ................. 3
2.1.1 2.1.1 燃煤鍋爐 燃煤鍋爐 ................................ ................................ ................................ .............. 4
2.2 煤炭燃料 煤炭燃料 ................................ ................................ ................................ ................. 6
2.2.1 2.2.1 煤炭的性質 煤炭的性質 ................................ ................................ ................................ .......... 7
2.2.2 2.2.2 煤炭的組成 煤炭的組成 ................................ ................................ ................................ .......... 9
2.2 燃煤鍋爐之廢氣及相關控制技術 燃煤鍋爐之廢氣及相關控制技術 ................................ ................................ ....... 11
2.2.1 2.2.1 粒狀污染物 粒狀污染物 ................................ ................................ ................................ ........ 12
2.2.2 2.2.2 硫氧化物 硫氧化物 ................................ ................................ ................................ ............ 17
2.2.3 2.2.3 氮氧化物 氮氧化物 ................................ ................................ ................................ ............ 21
2.3 空氣污染相關管制法規 空氣污染相關管制法規 ................................ ................................ ....................... 27
2.3.1 2.3.1 固定污染源空氣物排放標準 固定污染源空氣物排放標準 ................................ ................................ .... 28
2.3.2 2.3.2 生煤、石油焦或其他易至空氣污染之物質販賣使用許可證管理辦法 生煤、石油焦或其他易至空氣污染之物質販賣使用許可證管理辦法 .... 29
第三章、研究方法 第三章、研究方法 第三章、研究方法 ................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 31
3.1 研究方法與架構 研究方法與架構 ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 31
3.2 研究對象篩選 研究對象篩選 ................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 32
3.3 檢測方法及計算式 檢測方法及計算式 ................................ ................................ .......................... 32
3.4 排放量及去除效率的計算 排放量及去除效率的計算 ................................ ................................ .................. 33
3.4.1 3.4.1 排放量的計算方式 排放量的計算方式 ................................ ................................ ........................... 33
3.4.2 3.4.2 去除效率的計算方式 去除效率的計算方式 ................................ ................................ ....................... 35
第四章、結果與討論 第四章、結果與討論 第四章、結果與討論 ................................ ................................ ................................ . 36
4.1 研究對象排放量變化 研究對象排放量變化 ................................ ................................ ........................... 36
4.1.1 4.1.1 粒狀污染物排放量變化 粒狀污染物排放量變化 ................................ ................................ .................... 38
4.1.2 4.1.2 硫氧化 物排放量變硫氧化 物排放量變................................ ................................ ........................ 43
4.1.3 4.1.3 氮氧化 物排放量變氮氧化 物排放量變................................ ................................ ........................ 47
4.2 防制設備去除效率比較 防制設備去除效率比較 ................................ ................................ ....................... 52
V
4.2.1 4.2.1 粒狀污染物去除效率比較 粒狀污染物去除效率比較 ................................ ................................ ................ 55
4.2.2 4.2.2 硫氧化物去除效率比較 硫氧化物去除效率比較 ................................ ................................ .................... 57
4.2.3 4.2.3 氮氧化物去除效 氮氧化物去除效 率比較 ................................ ................................ .................... 59
第五章、結論與建議 第五章、結論與建議 第五章、結論與建議 ................................ ................................ ................................ . 61
5.1 結論 ................................ ................................ ................................ ....................... 61
5.2 建議 ................................ ................................ ................................ ....................... 63
第六章、參考文獻 第六章、參考文獻 第六章、參考文獻 ................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 64
                                

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