聚碳酸酯與碳纖維複合材料之射出參數對於縫合線強度之研究

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研究生：	林家民 Chia-min Lin
論文名稱：	聚碳酸酯與碳纖維複合材料之射出參數對於縫合線強度之研究 Injection Molding Study on the Strength of Weld Line for Polycarbonate and Carbon Fiber Composite Material
指導教授：	鍾禎元 C.-Y. Chung
口試委員:
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 機械工程學系 Department of Mechanical Engineering
論文出版年：	2019
畢業學年度：	107
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	67
中文關鍵詞：	射出成型、碳纖維、縫合線強度
外文關鍵詞：	Injection molding, Carbon fiber, weld line suture strength
相關次數：	點閱：17 下載：0
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現今塑膠材料廣泛應用於產品中，在符合產品的強度條件下，具有質量輕、耐腐蝕、不生鏽、成本低等特點，進而逐漸取代金屬材料的使用。而眾多塑膠加工製程中，射出成型（Injection Molding）製程具有加工效果良好、可成形複雜形狀、成形速度快、尺寸精度易控制等特性，為目前廣泛使用的塑膠成形加工法。此製程雖然在生產上具有優勢，但在模具設計、產品樣式、機台調整及製程條件限制下，都會產生產品外觀與內部的不良及缺陷的問題。其中在產品設計時會盡量避免縫合線的產生，其原因為影響產品外觀及造成產品強度下降。
本研究為使用PC（聚碳酸酯）與添加CF（碳纖維）為實驗材料，使用田口實驗法與反應曲面法，探討射出成型參數對於縫合線之拉伸強度的影響。以碳纖維含量、融膠溫度、模具溫度、射出速度、射出壓力、保壓速度與保壓壓力等七項製程參數，設計27組參數組合進行射出實驗分析，建立由成型參數所構成的拉伸強度預測方程式，透過優化找出拉伸強度高的較佳參數組合，以瞭解成型參數與拉伸強度的關聯性。實驗與分析結果顯示，熔膠溫度與模具溫度對於拉伸強度影響最為明顯。期望藉由本研究的實驗成果，可提供相關領域於製程品質改善之參考。

In accordance with the strength of the product, in the present a lot of plastic materials are applied for the features of light weight, anti-corrosion, non-rust and low cost instead of using metal materials. Among plenty of plastic processing, the injection molding has great result in forming the complicated shapes with high speed and easy control of dimensional accuracy. The processing has advantages in production, however, the limits of mold design, product style, machine adjustment and processing conditions always lead to product external and internal defects. As a result, the product design is aimed to avoid the to decrease the effect on the appearance and the strength of products.
This study used polycarbonate (PC) and added carbon fiber as experimental materials to investigate the effect of injection molding parameters on the tensile strength of weld line through Taguchi experimental methods and response surface methodology. Seven control factors, namely, melt temperature, mold temperature, injection speed, injection pressure, holding speed, and holding pressure, were combined with PC only, PC with 5% added carbon fiber, and PC with 10% added carbon fiber, to derive a total of 27 injection molding parameter combinations for experimental analysis. Accordingly, a tensile strength prediction equation composed of molding parameters was established, and the parameter combination that yields the optimal tensile strength was obtained through optimization. The relationship between molding parameters and tensile strength was thus discerned. It is expected that the experimental results of this research can provide some references for the improvement of processing quality in related fields.

摘 要 ...................... i
Abstract  .................. ii
誌 謝  .................... iii
目 錄  .................... iv
圖目錄 .................... vi
表目錄  ................... vii
第一章 緒論 .............. 1
1-1 前言 ................. 1
1-2 文獻.................. 2
1-3 研究動機與目的 ........ 4
1-4 論文架構 ............. 5
第二章 基本理論 ......... . 6
2-1 射出成型 ............ . 6
2-2 射出成型控制參數........ 8
2-2-1 射出參數............. 10
2-2-2 溫度參數.............. 11
2-2-3 保壓參數.............. 12
2-2-4 冷卻參數.............. 13
2-3 塑膠材料特性............ 13
2-3-1 聚碳酸酯特性.......... 16
2-3-2 複合材料.............. 17
2-3-3 聚碳酸酯複合材料之應用. 18
2-3-4 碳纖維特性............. 18
2-4 射出成型縫合線對產品質的重要性 .. 19
2-5 拉伸試驗................. 22
2-6 田口實驗規劃法............ 25
2-6-1 信號雜音比............. 26
2-6-2 直交表的應用及其特性..... 26
2-6-3 變異數分析............ . 27
2-6-4 實驗數據分析流程..... ... 28
2-7 反應曲面法................ 29
第三章 實驗設計............... 33
3-1 實驗流程 ................. 33
3-2 實驗設備................. 33
3-2-1 實驗................... 34
3-2-2 試片與模具.............. 35
3-2-3 射出成型機.............. 37
3-2-4 烘料乾燥機.............. 39
3-2-5 模溫機.................. 39
3-2-6 拉力試驗機............... 41
3-2-7 Minitab................. 42
第四章 結果與討論............... 43
4-1 實驗進行步驟................ 43
4-1-1 田口法實驗規劃.... ....... 43
4-1-2 拉伸試驗結果............. 46
4-2 ANOVA變異數分析............. 49
4-3 驗證實結果.................. 49
4-4 反應曲面法................. 50
第五章 結論........... ........ 53
5-1 結論 .................... 53
5-2 未來展望................ 54
參考文獻................... 55
                                

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