近年來，隨著機器學習在人工智慧上的突破，使得這項技術被廣泛應用在各個領域，本論文研究廠商導入機器學習的技術對市場影響之分析，以此建構一個垂直差異化雙占模型，並且探討，在高品質廠商導入新技術後，對於市場之影響為何，因此，我們假設第一期存在高、低品質廠商，並於第一期高品質廠商導入機器學習技術使得產品品質提升，且透過跨期模型將機器學習的效果代入至第二期，並透過逆推求解法 (backward induction)，先求得第二期各項變數，再將之回推至第一期，最後查看各變數與機器學習效果之關係。並且發現，當廠商導入機器學習技術後將使得社會福利隨機器學習效果增加而增加，而對於高品質廠商而言，利潤也隨機器學習效果增加而增加，但低品質廠商之利潤卻隨機器學習效果增加而減少。

In recent years, Along with the breakthrough of Machine Learning technology in the artificial intelligence, this technology is widely used in various fields. In this study, we analyze the change of social welfare and profits when the manufacturer imports the Machine Learning technology, and suppose that there are high quality and low quality manufacturers in the first period, and the high quality manufacturer use Machine Learning technology to improve the quality of their products in the first period, and convey the effect of Machine Learning to the second period through the intertemporal model. And find the variables through the backward induction in the second period, and use the variables to find the first period variables, finally, observe the relationship between the variables and the Machine Learning effect. And we found that when the manufacturer imports the Machine Learning technology, social welfare will increase when the Machine Learning effect increase. For high quality manufacturer, profits will increase when the Machine Learning effect increase, but for low quality manufacturer, profits will decrease when the Machine Learning effect increase.

Beaver, G. (2002). “Strategy and management in the smaller enterprise”, Strategic Change 11
(June)： 175-181.
Brynjolfsson, E., Hitt, L. M., and H. H. Kim, (2011)” Strength in numbers： How does data-driven decisionmaking dffect dirm derformance?” ICIS 2011 Proceedings. 13.
Chang, R.Y. and C.H. Peng, (2014), “Cost asymmetry and vertical product licensing,” Asia-
Pacific Journal of Accounting and Economics, Forthcoming.
Choi, C. and H. Shin, (1992), “A comment on a model of vertical product differentiation”, Journal of Industrial Economics, 40, 229-232.
Donnenfeld, S. and S. Weber, (1992), “Vertical product differentiation with entry”, International Journal of Industrial Organization 10(3), 449-472.
Hestness , J. and S. Narang, (2017), “Deep learning scaling is predictable (empirically)”, arXiv preprint arXiv：1712.00409v1.
Motta, M, (1993), “Endogenous quality choice： price vs. quantity competition”, The Journal of Industrial Economics, 41(2),113-131.
Temperley, N. C., J. Galloway. and J. Liston, (2004), “SMEs in Australia’s high-Technology Industry： challenges and opportunities”, procite： 6f1eea06-a60c-464B-874e-10175a58bd44.
Tremblay C. H. and V. J. Tremblay, (2011), “The Cournot-Bertrand model and the degree of product differentiation”, Economics Letters, 111, 233-235.
Ronnen, U. (1991), “Minimum quality standards, fixed costs, and competition. RAND Journal of Economics”, 22, 490-504.
Shaked, A. and J. Sutton, (1982), “Relaxing price competition through product differentiation”, Review of Economic Studies, 49, 3-13.
Thornhill, S. (2006),” Knowledge, innovation and firm performance in high- and low-technology regimes”, Journal of Business Venturing 21, 687–703.