| 研究生: |
李佳珍 Chia-Chen Lee |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
研發管理制度制定完整性之探討-以經濟部業界科專申請廠商為例 |
| 指導教授: |
林明杰
Ming-ji Lin |
| 口試委員: | |
| 學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱: |
管理學院 - 企業管理學系 Department of Business Administration |
| 畢業學年度: | 91 |
| 語文別: | 中文 |
| 論文頁數: | 101 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | 研發管理制度 、完整性 |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:7 下載:0 |
| 分享至: |
| 查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
企業投入研發不但能提昇企業績效,更是獲取競爭優勢的主要來源,但企業研發管理制度的好壞,卻會影響企業研發績效,而國內企業向來對研發管理較不重視,在制度制訂與執行上均尚待加強,因此,在強化民間研發實力的同時,如能事先有周密的規劃,並在進行過程中有效控制,則更能加速達到企業既定目標,並為企業奠定長久生存的基礎。本研究歸納研發專案關鍵活動及關鍵成功因素之研究,定義研發管理制度分為「專案組織結構」、「專案團隊管理」、「專案規劃」、「專案執行與控制」、「研發專案績效衡量」、「研發專案成果」、「專案計畫之結案」七個構面,透過簡單、逐步迴歸分析,針對民國89至91年向經濟部申請業界科專並經執行研發管理制度審查之137家廠商,進行分析得到以下幾點結論:
1.發現研發管理制度制定完整性對專案審查結果有顯著 正向影響,表示申請業界科專的廠商加強研發管理制度制定完整性有助於獲得良好的專案審查結果。
2.對申請業界科專的廠商而言,在研發管理制度制定上需考慮其完整性,尤其需要加強專案規劃、專案執行與控制、專案成果管理等構面上的完整程度,以獲得愈好的專案審查結果,同時也為企業本身建立起良好的一套研發管理規範與準則,並確保研發的速度與品質。
3.不同的產業別下,研發管理制度制定完整程度高、低兩群間的專案審查結果均有顯著差異,表示產業別不會影響市場研發管理制度制定完整性與專案審查結果間的關係。
4.但在各別產業中,研發管理制度七個構面及其項目則所有不同:民生化工及材料化工廠商,在制定研發管理制度時,應加強專案規劃構面中產品發展制定的完整性;生技製藥類廠商,在制定研發管理制度時,則應加強專案執行與控制構面中工時管理制定的完整性;電子資訊及光電通訊類則是需要注意專案執行與控制中的財務控制、進度控制、設備管制,以及專案成果管理中的其他(稽核機制、適當之組織權責、獨立之管理部門)、文件管理是否完整;機械自動化及機械航太類廠商,在制定研發管理制度時,應加強專案規劃構面中產品上市以及專案執行與控制構面中設備管制項目制定的完整性。
參考文獻
國內部分:
1.曹延傑(1990),「專案管理」,台北市,格致圖書有限公司。
2.陳嘉昌(1999),「KT專案管理技術在台灣之應用研究」,私立大葉大學事業經營研
究所未出版碩士論文。
3.高義芳(民88),「影響業務人員控制制度的因素之研究-整合觀點」,國立台灣大學商
學研究所未出版博士論文。
4.陳元倫(2000),「專案團隊控制制度與新產品開發績效關係之研究」,國立中央大
學企業管理研究所未出版碩士論文。
5.中國生產力中心(1993),「研究發展管理手冊」。
6.賴士葆、謝龍發、曾淑婉、陳松柏(1997),「科技管理」,國立空中大學用書。
7.黃昆明(2001),「功能式矩陣組織研發管理關鍵成功因素之探討」,國立中山大學企
業管理研究所未出版碩士論文。
8.林政榮(1996),「全方位品質環境下推動研發同步工程之探討」,第二屆全國品質管
理研討會暨中華民國品質管制學會第三十二屆年會徵文集,頁407-418。
9.廖川億(1996),「研究發展團隊特性與創新績效關係之研究」,國立中山大學人力資
源管理研究所未出版碩士論文。
10.莊正泉(1996),「技術系統特性與人例資源管理措施的配合對企業組織績效的影
響」,國立交通大學管理科學研究所未出版碩士論文。
11.劉俊宏(1998),「研發專案類型及其研發人力資源管理關係之研究」,私立輔仁大學
管理科學研究所未出版碩士論文。
12.陳思慈(1999),「台灣資訊科技產業之專利管理策略研究」,國立政治大學科技管理
研究所未出版碩士論文。
13.劉江彬、黃俊英(1998),「智慧財產權的法律與管理」,台北市,華泰書局。
14.洪淑卿(1999),「高科技產業專利管理人力需求之研究」,國立交通大學經營管理研
究所未出版碩士論文。
15.賀華谷(1996),「企業對專利權如何經營管理之研究」,國立政治大學企業管理研究
所未出版碩士論文。
16.經濟部中央標準局編(1992),「企業之專利管理」。
17.陳弘展(2001), 「研究機構建立營業秘密管理制度之研究」, 私立中原大學企業管理
研究所未出版碩士論文。
18.陳勝義(1996),“發明人的構想與實驗室記錄的重要性”,工業財產權與標準,第
37 期,頁33-36。
19.陳順宇(1997),「迴歸分析」,台北市,華泰書局。
20.黃俊英(1998),「多變量分析」,台北市,華泰書局。
21.楊千 (民89年8月),「科技專案計畫績效評估」,研考雙月刊24卷4期,行政院研究發
展考核委員會出版,pp.30~36。
22.業界開發產業技術計畫申請須知(2002),經濟部技術處編印
23.丁明勇(1997),「高科技廠商特性、研究發展管理活動與成效之研究---以科學園區廠
商實證」,國立交通大學管理科學研究所未出版博士論文。
24.張玉玫(1996),「卓越企業研發單位組織結構特性之研究」, 國立台灣大學商學系未出
版碩士論文。
25.劉美慧(1999),「不同創新類型下新產品發展階段跨部門互動之探討」,國立中央大
學企業管理研究所未出版碩士論文。
26.陳玟良(2000),「以Chandler理論觀點探討企業創新活動之研究」,私立中原大學企
業管理研究所未出版碩士論文。
國外部分:
1.Arnold, E., Rush, H. and Hobday, M. (1998), ”Strategic planning in research and technology institutes”, R&D management, 28(2): pp.89-100.
2.Ansoff, H. and Stewart, J.M. (1967),”Strategies for A Technology Based Business”, Harvard Business Review, 67:pp.81-93.
3.Barczak , G . (1995), “New Product Strategy, Structure, Process, and Performance in the Telecommunications Industry,” Journal of Product Innovation Management, 12: pp224-234.
4.Booz, J., K. Allen, and J. Hamilton, (1982), “New Product Management for the 1980s,” New York: Booz-Allen and Hamilton, Inc.
5.Boone, L. E. & D. L. Kurz (1992), Management, NY: McGraw. Hill.
6.Barney, J. B. & Griffin (1992), The Management of Organizations: Strategy, Structure, Behavior, MA: Houghton Mifflin.
7.Bubshait, Khaled A. and Willem J.S. (1992), “Project Characteristics That Influence the Implementation of Project Management Techniques: A Survey”, Project Management Journal, l23: pp.43-47.
8.Brown, M.G. and Svenson, R. A.(1988),”Measuring R&D Productivity”, Research Technology Management, Jun.-Aug, pp.11-15.
9.Cohen, W. M. and Levinthal, D. A.(1990),”Absorptive Capacity:A New Perspective on Learning and Innovation”, Administrative Science Quarterly, 35: pp.128-152.
10.Calantone, R. J., Schmidt, J. B. and Di Benedetto, C. A. (1997) “New product activities and performance: The moderating role of environmental hostility”, Journal of Product Innovation Management, 14(3): pp.179-189.
11.Cleland D. I. & King, W.R.(1983), Systems Analysis and Project Management, 3rded. , New York, NU: McGraw-Hill.
12.Clark, K. B. & Wheelwright S. C.(1993), Managing New Product and Process Development, New York, Free Press, pp.457-480.
13.Cooper, R.G. and Kleinschmidt, E. J. (1995), “Benchmarking the Firm’s Critical Success Factors in New Product Development”, Journal of Product Innovation Management, 12:pp.374-391.
14.Crawford, C.M. (1992), ”The Hidden Costs of Accelerated Product Development”, Journal of Product Innovation Management, 9: pp.188-199.
15.Copper, R.G. (1983),”The New Product Process: An Empirical Based Classification Scheme”, R&D Management, 13(1): pp.1-13.
16.Cooper, R.G. (1986a .) , “New product performance and product innovation strategies”. Research Management , 29(3):pp.17-25.
17.Cooper, R.G. and Kleinschmidt, E. J. (1986b.),” An investigation into the new product process: steps, deficiencies, and impact”. Journal of Product Innovation Management 3(2): pp.71-85.
18.Cooper, R.G. and Kleinschmidt, E. J. (1991), “New Product Process at Leading Industrial Firms”, Industrial Marketing Journal, 20: pp.137-147.
19.Child, J. (1973), “Organizational Structure and Strategies of Control : A Replication of Aston Study”, Administrative Science Quarterly,17: pp.163-177.
20.Cooper, R.G., (1984), “The Strategy-Performance Link in Product Innovation”, R&D Management, 14(4): pp.247-259.
21.Dimarco N., Goodson J.R. and Houser H.F.(1989), ”Situational Leadership in a Project/ Matrix Environment”, Project Management Journal, 28(1): pp.11-18.
22.Davis, J.S. (1988),”New Product Success & Failure: Three Case Studies”, Industrial Marketing Management, 17: pp.103-108.
23.Ernst, H. (2002),”Success Factors of New Product Development: a review of the empirical literature”, International Journal of Management Reviews, 4(1): pp.1-40.
24.Geringer, J. M., Hebert, L.(1989), “Control and Performance of International Joint Ventures”, Journal of International Business Studies, 20(2): pp.235-254.
25.Griffin, A. and Page, A.L. (1993), “An Interim Report on Measuring Product Development Success and Failure”, Journal of Product Innovation Management, 10(4): pp.291-308.
26.Haas, R.W. (1989), Industrial Marketing Management: Texts and Cases, 4th ed., Boston: PWS-Kent Publishing Company, pp. 63-86.
27.Hise R. T. O’Neal, L.A. Parasuraman, A. and McNeal, J.U. (1989),”The Effect of Product Design Activities on Commericial Success Levels of New Industrial Products”, Journal of Product Innovation Management, 6: pp.43-50.
28.Higgins, J. M. (1994), The Management Challenge, NY: Macmillan.
29.Jiang, J. J., Klein, G. and Margulis, S. (1985), “Important Behavioral Skills For IS Professional “, Project Management Journal, 29 (1): pp.39-43.
30.Katz R. and Allen T.J.(185), ”Project Performance and the Locus of Influence in the R&D Matrix”, Academy of Management Journal, 28(1): pp.67-87.
31.Kuczmarski , T.(1992) , Managing New Product : The Power of Innovation , 2nd., Prentice-Hall , Englewood Cliffs , N.J., pp23.
32.Kim, Y., Min B. and Cha J. (1999), “The roles of R&D team leaders in Korea: a contingent approach”, R&D Management, 29(2), pp. 153-165.
33.Knight, K.,” Problems of Matrix Management” in K. Knight, Eds., Matrix Management: A Cross-functional Approach to Organization, Westmead, Farnborough, Hants., England: Gower Press,1977
34.Kerzner, H.(1995),”Project Management : A System Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and Controlling.” 5th ed. Van Nostr and Reinhold, New York.
35.Larson E.W., and Gobeli D. H.(1989), ”Significance of Project Management Structure on Development Success”, IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 36(2): pp.119-125.
36.Larson E.W., Gobeli D. H.(1987), ”Relative Effectiveness of Different Project Structure”, Project Management Journal, 18(2): pp.81-85.
37.Lorsch J. W.,& Lawrence P.R.(1967), Organization and Environment: Managing Differentiation and Integration, Harvard University.
38.Lester, D. H.(1998),’’ Critical Success Factors for New Product Development”, Research Technology Management, 41(1): pp..36-43.
39.Larson E.W., & Gobeli D. H.(1988), ”Organization For Product Development Project”, Journal of Product Innovation Management, May , p180-190.
40.Larson E.W., Gobeli D. H.(1986), ” Project Management Research Program: A Status Report”, Project Management Journal, March , 17(1): pp.24-25.
41.Morbey , G. K.(1988),”R&D: Its Relationship to Company Performance”, Journal of Product Innovation Management,5(3): pp.191-200.
42.Moder, J.J.(1988), Network Techniques in Project Management, Project Management Handbook, 2nd ed., D.I. Cleland & W.R. King(Eds.),Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York.
43.Might, R.J. and Fischer, W.A.(1985), “The Role of Structural Factors in Determining Project Management Success”, IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 32(2): pp.71-77.
44.Montoya-Weiss, M. M. and Calantone, R. J. (1994),“Determinants of new product performance: a review and meta analysis”. Journal Production Innovation Management, 11(5): pp.397-417.
45.McCollum J.K., & Sherman J.D. (1993), “The Matrix Structure: Bane or Benefit To High Tech Organization? ”, Project Management Journal, 24(2): pp.23-26.
46.Mabert, Vincent A; Muth, John F; Schmenner, Roger W (1992), ”Collapsing New Product Development Times: Six Case Studies”, Journal of Product Innovation Management, 9(3): pp.200-212.
47.Nicholas J.M.(1990), Managing Business& Engineering Projects: Concepts & Implementation, Prentice-Hall.
48.Olsen, E. D.(1978), “Shop Control System Far Cry from Job Jar Approach”, Industrial Engineering, 10(12): pp.16-20.
49.Olson, E.M., Walker, O.C. and Ruekert, R.W. (1995), “Organizing for Effective New Product Development: the Moderating Role of Product Innovativeness”, Journal of Marketing, 59: pp.48-62.
50.Prahalad, C. K. and Hamel, G.(1990)“The Core Competence of the Corporation”, Harvard Business Review ,68(3): pp.79-91.
51.Padgham, H. F.(1989),” Choosing The Right Program Management Organization ”, Project Management Journal, 20(2): pp.35-40.
52.Posner B.Z.(1987), ”What’s the Fighting About? Conflicts in Project Management”, IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 33 (4): pp.51-54.
53.Pettersen, N. (1991),“Selecting Project Manager: An Integrated List Of Predictors”, Project Management Journal, 22(2): pp.21-26.
54.Robbins, S. P.(1994), Management, NJ : Prentice-Hall.
55.Rodrigues, Carl A.(1993), “Developing Three-Dimensions Leaders,” Journal of Management Development, 11(3): pp.4-11.
56.Song, X. M. and M. Montoya-Weiss (1998b), “Critical Development Activities for Really New Versus Incremental Products”, Journal of Product Innovation Management , 15(2): pp.124-135.
57.Scott, G. M.(1999),” Critical Technology Management Issues of New Product Development in High-Tech Companies”, Journal of Product Innovation Management; 17: pp.57–77.
58.Song , X.M., Thieme, R.J. and Xie, J.(1998a), “The Impact of Cross Functional Joint Involvement Across product Development Stages: An Exploratory Study”, Journal of Product Innovation Management, 15(4): pp.289-303.
59.Scott, G. (2001),”Strategic Planning for High-Tech Product Development” Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 13(3): 343-364.
60.Song, X.M. and Parry, M.E. (1997), “The Determinants of Japanese New Product Successes”, Journal of Marketing Research, 34(1): pp.64-76.
61.Tannenbaum, Arnold S. & Cooke, Robert A. (1974), “Control and Participation”, Journal of Contemporary Business, 3(4): pp.35-46.
62.Wang, M. Y. and Yuan, B. J. C. (1999), “Evaluation practice of the government-sponsored program for promoting industrial upgrading in Taiwan”, Science and Public Policy, April, pp.125-135.
63.Wheelwright, S.C. and Clark, K.B.(1992a),”Competing Through Development capability in a Manufacturing-Based Organization”, Business Horizons,35(4): pp.26-37.
64.Wheelwright, S.C. and Clark, K.B.(1992b), Revolutionizing Product Development, N.Y., the Free Press, Ch.7, pp.165-187.
65.Weber, M.(1947), The Theory of Social and Economic Organization, translated by A.M. Henderson and T. Parson, NY : The Free Press.
66.Zimmerer, Thomas W., and Yashin , Mahmoud M.(1998), “A Leadership Profile of American Project Managers,” Project Management Journal, 29(1), pp31-38.