硬質鏈段不規則性對PU奈米形態之影響｜國立中央大學博碩士論文系統

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研究生：	葉智哲 Chih-Che Yeh
論文名稱：	硬質鏈段不規則性對PU奈米形態之影響 The effect of chemical structure irregularity in hard segment on PU nano-scale morphology
指導教授：	陳登科 Teng-Ko Chen
口試委員:
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 化學工程與材料工程學系 Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering
畢業學年度：	93
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	104
中文關鍵詞：	拉伸、微分熱分析、聚胺基甲酸酯、動態機械分析、穿透式電子顯微鏡、非極性
外文關鍵詞：	TENSILE, DMA, DSC, TEM, nonpolar, PU, polyurethane, TDI, isoprene, MDI, BDI
相關次數：	點閱：10 下載：0
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本研究以Polyisoprene(polyIP)為非極性軟質段，4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate(MDI)為主要硬質段異氰酸鹽、1,4-Butanediol(BD)為鏈延劑，分別以不同比例(0、10、20、30 mole %)Toluene diisocyante (TDI，2,4含80%，2,6含20%)來取代硬質段主鏈上的MDI，合成一系列非極性式PU彈性體。以低溫超薄切片機製備超薄試片進行Transmission Electron Microscopy(TEM)測試，觀察其奈米級相微域結構變化，並同時採用Differential Scanning calorimetry(DSC)、Dynamic Mechanical Analysis(DMA)、Tensile Strength的測試，深入探討此微域形態與其形態變化的交互關係與機械性質。
經由TEM測試結果可發現，在硬質段含量HC=30%的條件下，硬相以短圓柱狀排列，其domain大小約為4~5nm，且隨TDI取代量的增加而略為上升。在HC=45%條件下，硬相圓柱長寬則略大於HC=30%者。當硬質段含量增加到55%以上時，domain size寬度約為5~6nm，且形態隨著TDI加入量起了極大的變化，從原來純MDI-BD的硬相圓柱形態逐漸轉變成薄板lamellar形態。
經DSC熱分析結果顯示，軟質段玻璃轉移溫度與玻璃轉移寬度不隨硬質段含量改變而有很大的變化，証再次映証文獻中所提及的結果，軟段分子鏈不含醚、酯類官能基的非極性式寡聚物二元醇，因其與硬質段的極性差異大，產生互不相溶的現象。在高硬質段含量下，純MDI-BD的T2 long range order吸熱峰隨著TDI量增多變得較不明顯，這應該是由於TDI的化學結構不對稱性破壞了MDI-BD所形成之long range order所造成。另一方面，從DMA測試亦與DSC相互呼映的結果，系列PU高溫區鬆弛行為隨TDI用量愈多，鬆弛溫度愈往低溫偏移。經拉伸測試之後發現，在TDI含量30%(mole%)、硬質段HC=65%的情況下，可獲得降伏強度達28.9MPa、斷裂強度25.2MPa、斷裂延伸率47.7%的優良機械性質，這是非極性式PU系統中難得一見的。

目     錄
摘要---------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ⅰ
目錄---------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ⅲ
圖目錄-------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ⅴ
表目錄-------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ⅷ
第一章	緒論-------------------------------------------------------------------------1
第二章	文獻回顧-------------------------------------------------------------------3
2-1	PU的熱性質--------------------------------------------------------------------4
2-2	硬質相的規則度------------------------------------------------------------7
2-3	物理老化焓鬆弛(Physical aging)-----------------------------------------8
2-4	相分離程度或兩相組成比例計算-------------------------------------------------9
2-5	相分離動力學----------------------------------------------------------------14
2-6	PU的形態與結構--------------------------------------------------------------15
2-7	PU的機械性質----------------------------------------------------------------17
2-8	PU硬質段的結構組成----------------------------------------------------------22
第三章	實驗
3-1	化學藥品--------------------------------------------------------------------25
3-2	儀器設備--------------------------------------------------------------------26
3-3	實驗流程--------------------------------------------------------------------26
第四章	結果與討論
4-1	相分離之評鑑----------------------------------------------------------------30
4-2	穿透式電子顯微鏡(TEM)對PU形態分析-------------------------------------------30
4-3	DSC熱分析-------------------------------------------------------------------38
4-4	動態機械性質測試------------------------------------------------------------41
4-5	FTIR分析--------------------------------------------------------------------44
4-6	拉伸性質測試----------------------------------------------------------------45
第五章 結論-----------------------------------------------------------------------48
參考文獻---------------------------------------------------------------------------51

                                

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