SAP ERP系統已經被許多企業廣泛使用了多年，隨著科技的進步與新技術的需求將促使企業將SAP ERP升級至SAP S/4 HANA來符合企業的需求並且持續保持企業的競爭力，本研究聚焦於一家員工數約10,000人的SMT加工製造業個案公司，該公司由於舊版ERP系統老舊產生效能上問題因此決定升級SAP ERP系統，本研究指出升級過程中所面臨的困擾與挑戰，特別針對生產管理與製造模組進行深入探討，並點出困擾與挑戰的關鍵因素。
本研究從個案公司為何要升級SAP ERP系統，到個案公司升級專案的過程中點出系統升級的困擾與挑戰，包含轉檔資料過於龐大、考量轉檔資料的正確性、轉檔工具的可靠性、過渡資料的處理。並且本研究採用個案研究法，研究者為個案公司偕同專案進行的實施顧問，專案時程為期十個月，直接參與個案公司SAP ERP升級專案進行觀察與研究。
本研究揭示了克服系統升級困擾的關鍵因素，經研究顯示包含優化會議安排與時間管理、明確優化範圍與項目、資料面的處理與驗證、明確規範過渡資料處理、增加內部的溝通、詳細記錄權限設定與測試、詳細功能評估與制定決策都是個案公司成功升級SAP S/4 HANA的關鍵因素，藉由這些克服困擾的關鍵因素，讓個案公司減少資料間的整理、提升作業效率、並且在生產管理與製造面得到適切的流程，本研究以生產管理與製造的視角來探討製造業升級SAP系統的過程。

The SAP ERP system has been widely used by numerous enterprises for many years. With the advancement of technology and the demand for new technologies, companies are being driven to upgrade their SAP ERP systems to SAP S/4 HANA to meet their needs and maintain competitiveness. This study focuses on a case company in the SMT manufacturing industry with approximately 10,000 employees, which decided to upgrade its SAP ERP system due to the inefficiencies caused by the outdated old version. The research identifies the challenges and difficulties encountered during the upgrade process, particularly in production management and manufacturing modules, and highlights the key factors of these challenges.
The study outlines why the case company needed to upgrade its SAP ERP system and the challenges faced during the upgrade process, including the enormity of data transfer, the accuracy of the transferred data, the reliability of the transfer tools, and the management of transitional data. Using a case study methodology, the researcher, who was a consultant actively involved in the project, participated directly in the company's 10-month SAP ERP upgrade project to observe and analyze the process.
The research reveals the key factors that helped overcome the challenges of the system upgrade. These include optimizing meeting schedules and time management, clarifying the scope and items of optimization, handling and verifying data aspects, defining clear standards for managing transitional data, enhancing internal communication, and meticulously documenting permission settings and tests, as well as conducting thorough functional assessments and decision-making. These factors helped the case company reduce data discrepancies, improve operational efficiency, and ensure appropriate processes in production management and manufacturing. This study explores the process of upgrading SAP systems in the manufacturing industry from the perspective of production management and manufacturing.

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