消防單位已使用地理資訊系統以縮短緊急事故之反應時間。然而，起火建築物內部之複雜結構將使得火災搶救及人命救助工作在緊急情況下更加困難。本研究乃基於一個微型地理資訊系統以分析及展示三維空間資訊用於建築物火災消防搶救模擬。首先，從二維建築圖中產生三維幾何網路模型用於室內之路網分析。其次，應用建築資訊模型於地理資訊環境中以提供一個具幾何與語意資訊之三維可視化虛擬環境。此外，加入雲梯車於三維環境中以模擬雲梯車之佈署及操作。最後，本研究乃用於執行真實建築物火災搶救之模擬。本研究可以提供消防人員尋找建築物內部之最佳救援路徑，並減少消防人員搜尋火場受困者的時間，且幫助消防人員迅速佈署雲梯車，以縮短緊急應變之反應時間。

Fire departments already make use of geographic information systems (GIS) to reduce the response time in case of incidents. However, the complex internal structure of buildings on fire may make search and rescue efforts difficult in emergency situations. This study was motivated by the need for a micro GIS to represent and analyze 3D spatial data for fire-fighting simulations of building fires. A method was developed to generate a 3D geometric network model (GNM) from 2D building plans. This model performed network-based analysis within a building. In addition, the applicability of the building information model (BIM) in geospatial environments could provide a 3D visualization environment with sufficient geometric and semantic information about the buildings. Virtual ladder trucks were added in the 3D environment to simulate the positioning and operations of aerial ladders. Finally, the GNM model was implemented to perform fire-fighting simulations based on actual buildings. The proposed method can provide a tool to assist firefighters to find the optimal path within a building, minimize the search time for potential victims, and help firefighters quickly locate their ladder trucks, so as to reduce the response time after an incident.

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