本論文提出一種具備傳輸多樣性的全新廣義空間調變架構，稱為多層區塊編碼廣義空間調變（Multi-Level Block-Coded Generalized Spatial Modulation，MBC-GSM）。與傳統採用空時區塊碼（STBC）的空時區塊編碼空間調變（STBC-SM）架構不同，MBC-GSM 採用了多層區塊編碼調變（BCM）技術，並引入一類新型天線索引矩陣，以較高的編碼率傳送索引位元。透過設計具特定結構特性的天線索引矩陣，本方法可實現傳輸多樣性階數為二。在使用相同訊號星座的條件下，MBC-GSM 可達成優於 STBC-SM 的頻譜效率。本論文亦發展三種不同的解碼演算法，以提供不同的效能與複
雜度折衷選擇，分別為最大似然維特比解碼、多階維特比解碼，以及低複雜度解碼器。模擬結果顯示，MBC-GSM 在相同或更高頻譜效率下，能達到優於現有 STBCSM 架構的錯誤效能。

This paper presents a novel generalized spatial modulation (GSM) scheme with transmit diversity, termed multi level block-coded generalized spatial modulation (MBC-GSM). Unlike space-time block-coded spatial modulation (STBC-SM) schemes that rely on space-time block coding (STBC), MBC-GSM integrates multi-level block-coded modulation (BCM) with a new class of antenna-index matrices to transmit index bits at higher coding rates. The proposed scheme achieves a transmit diversity order of two by designing antenna-index matrices with specific structural properties. For a given signal constellation, MBC-GSM offers higher spectral efficiency than STBC-SM. To support various complexity-performance trade-offs, three decoding algorithms are developed: maximum-likelihood Viterbi decoding, multi-stage Viterbi decoding, and a low-complexity decoding algorithm. Simulation results demonstrate that MBC-GSM achieves superior error performance compared to existing STBC-SM schemes with equal or higher spectral efficiency.

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