為了降低學習者開發機器人的門檻，本研究設計一個結合STEM教育與計算思維的教育機器人平台，提供使用者於Scratch平台開發MIAT四種機器人，分別為輪型機器人、人形機器人、六足機器人與機械手臂，並且訓練學習者結合現今問題，以計算思維的角度去思考設計的主題，最後透過JSON轉譯平台，將使用者設計的積木式模塊由JSON程式碼轉譯成C程式碼，進行MIAT四種機器人API的程式碼合成，即可完成開發機器人設計。

In order to reduce the threshold for learners to develop robots, this study designed an educational robot platform combining STEM education and computational thinking, enabling users with the development of MIAT robots on the Scratch platform, namely wheel robot, humanoid robot, hexapod robot and robotic. arm, and train learners to combine nowadays problems, to think about the design theme from the perspective of computational thinking, and finally to translate the user-designed building blocks from JSON code into C code through the JSON translation platform, and complete the development of a robot project with MIAT robots API.

[1] Sanders, M. E. "STEM, STEM Education, STEMmania", vol. 68, no. 4, pp. 20-26, 2009.
[2] McComas, W. F. "STEM: Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics", The Language of Science Education: An Expanded Glossary of Key Terms and Concepts in Science Teaching and Learning pp. 102-103, 2014.
[3] Boy, G. A., "From STEM to STEAM: toward a human-centred education, creativity & learning thinking", 2013.
[4] Jin, Y. G., Chong, L. M., & Cho, H. K. "Designing a robotics-enhanced learning content for STEAM education," International Conference on Ubiquitous Robots and Ambient Intelligence, 2012, pp. 433-436.
[5] Park, N., & Ko, Y. "Computer Education’s Teaching-Learning Methods Using Educational Programming Language Based on STEAM Education," Berlin, Heidelberg, 2012, pp. 320-327.
[6] Bonarini, A., & Romero, M. "Robotics and Design: An Interdisciplinary Crash Course", vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 110-115, 2013.
[7] "STEM 2026: A Vision for Innovation in STEM Education", [Online] Available: https://www.air.org/resource/stem-2026-vision-innovation-stem-education
[8] Wing, J. M. "Computational thinking", vol. 49, no. 3, pp. 33-35, 2006.
[9] Henderson, P. B., Cortina, T. J., & Wing, J. M., "Computational thinking", Proceedings of the 38th SIGCSE technical symposium on Computer science education, Covington, Kentucky, USA, 2007.
[10] Wing, J. "Computational thinking and thinking about computing" Vol. 366, 2008.
[11] Beheshti, E., Weintrop, D., Swanson, H., Orton, K., Horn, M., Jona, K., Trouille, L., Wilensky U. "Computational Thinking in Practice: How STEM Professionals Use CT in Their Work", vol., no., pp., 2017.
[12] Brennan, K., & Resnick, M. "New frameworks for studying and assessing the development of computational thinking", vol., no., pp. 1-25, 2012.
[13] Resnick, M., Maloney, J., Monroy-Hernandez, A., Rusk, N., Eastmond, E., Brennan, K., . . . Kafai, Y. "Scratch: programming for all", vol. 52, no. 11, pp. 60-67, 2009.
[14] Monroy-Hernandez, A., & Resnick, M. "FEATURE: Empowering kids to create and share programmable media", vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 50-53, 2008.
[15] Gupta, N., Tejovanth, N., & Murthy, P. "Learning by creating: Interactive programming for Indian high schools," 2012 IEEE International Conference on Technology Enhanced Education, 2012, pp. 1-3.
[16] Corke, P., Greener, E., & Philip, R. "An Innovative Educational Change: Massive Open Online Courses in Robotics and Robotic Vision", vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 81-89, 2016.
[17] Chaudhary, V., Agrawal, V., Sureka, P., & Sureka, A. "An Experience Report on Teaching Programming and Computational Thinking to Elementary Level Children Using Lego Robotics Education Kit," IEEE Eighth International Conference on Technology for Education, 2016, pp. 38-41.
[18] Nabeel, M., Latifee, H. O., Naqi, O., Aqeel, K., Huzaifa, Arshad, M., & Khurram, M. "Robotics education methodology for K-12 students for enhancing skill sets prior to entering university," 2017 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics, 2017, pp. 1702-1707.
[19] Almeida, R., & Pessoa, T. "Scratch software in higher education: Pedagogical experience in educational science," 2017 International Symposium on Computers in Education, 2017, pp. 1-5.
[20] Beyers, R. N., & Merwe, L. v. d. "Initiating a pipeline for the computer industry: Using scratch and LEGO robotics," 2017 Conference on Information Communication Technology and Society, 2017, pp. 1-7.
[21] Berry, C. A., Remy, S. L., & Rogers, T. E. "Robotics for All Ages: A Standard Robotics Curriculum for K-16", vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 40-46, 2016.
[22] Bower, T. "Teaching Introductory Robotics Programming: Learning to Program with National Instruments' LabVIEW", vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 67-73, 2016.
[23] Vitale, G., Bonarini, A., Matteucci, M., & Bascetta, L. "Toward Vocational Robotics: An Experience in Post-Secondary School Education and Job Training Through Robotics", vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 73-81, 2016.
[24] Esposito, J. M. "The State of Robotics Education: Proposed Goals for Positively Transforming Robotics Education at Postsecondary Institutions", vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 157-164, 2017.
[25] Cocota, J. A. N., D’Angelo, T., & Monteiro, P. M. d. B. "A Project-Based Learning Experience in the Teaching of Robotics", vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 302-309, 2015.
[26] Gómez-de-Gabriel, J. M., Mandow, A., Fernández-Lozano, J., & García-Cerezo, A. "Mobile Robot Lab Project to Introduce Engineering Students to Fault Diagnosis in Mechatronic Systems", vol. 58, no. 3, pp. 187-193, 2015.
[27] Hassan, H., Domínguez, C., Martínez, J. M., Perles, A., Capella, J. V., & Albaladejo, J. "A Multidisciplinary PBL Robot Control Project in Automation and Electronic Engineering", vol. 58, no. 3, pp. 167-172, 2015.
[28] Cristoforis, P. D., Pedre, S., Nitsche, M., Fischer, T., Pessacg, F., & Pietro, C. D. "A Behavior-Based Approach for Educational Robotics Activities", vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 61-66, 2013.
[29] Karwa, K. G., Mondal, S., Kumar, A., & Thakur, A. "An open source low-cost alligator-inspired robotic research platform," Sixth International Symposium on Embedded Computing and System Design, 2016, pp. 234-238.
[30] Sadeghian, R., Zarei, M., Shahin, S., & Masouleh, M. T. "Vision based control and simulation of a spherical rolling robot based on ROS and Gazebo," 2017 IEEE 4th International Conference on Knowledge-Based Engineering and Innovation, 2017, pp. 304-309.
[31] Ray, P. P. "Internet of Robotic Things: Concept, Technologies, and Challenges", vol. 4, no., pp. 9489-9500, 2016.
[32] "Next Generation Robotics", [Online] Available: http://breakthrough.unglobalcompact.org/disruptive-technologies/next-generation-robotics/
[33] "Digital Agriculture", [Online] Available: http://breakthrough.unglobalcompact.org/disruptive-technologies/digital-agriculture/
[34] "Sustainable Development Goals", [Online] Available: https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/sdgs
[35] Chen, C.-H., Lin, M.-Y., & Guo, X.-C. "High-level modeling and synthesis of smart sensor networks for Industrial Internet of Things", vol. 61, no. C, pp. 48-66, 2017.
[36] Chen, C. H., Lin, M. Y., & Liu, C. C. "Edge Computing Gateway of the Industrial Internet of Things Using Multiple Collaborative Microcontrollers", vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 24-32, 2018.
[37] Lazányi, K., & Hajdu, B. "Trust in human-robot interactions," 2017 IEEE 14th International Scientific Conference on Informatics, 2017, pp. 216-220.
[38] Karim, M. E., Lemaignan, S., & Mondada, F. "A review: Can robots reshape K-12 STEM education?," 2015 IEEE International Workshop on Advanced Robotics and its Social Impacts (ARSO), 2015, pp. 1-8.
[39] Mitsuhashi, K., Ohyama, Y., Hashimoto, H., & Ishijima, S. "Production and education of the modular robot made by 3D printer," 2015 10th Asian Control Conference (ASCC), 2015, pp. 1-5.
[40] Pacaux-Lemoine, M. P., Habib, L., & Carlson, T. "Human-robot cooperation through brain-computer interaction and emulated haptic supports," 2018 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT), 2018, pp. 1973-1978.
[41] Vourvopoulos, A., & Liarokapis, F. "Brain-Controlled NXT Robot: Tele-operating a Robot through Brain Electrical Activity," 2011 Third International Conference on Games and Virtual Worlds for Serious Applications, 2011, pp. 140-143.
[42] Zhong, B., Zhang, S., Xu, M., Zhou, Y., Fang, T., & Li, W. "On a CPG-Based Hexapod Robot: AmphiHex-II With Variable Stiffness Legs", vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 542-551, 2018.
[43] Faudzi, A. A. M., Endo, G., Kurumaya, S., & Suzumori, K. "Long-Legged Hexapod Giacometti Robot Using Thin Soft McKibben Actuator", vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 100-107, 2018.
[44] Maťuga, M. "Control and positioning of robotic arm on CNC cutting machines and their applications in industry," 2018 Cybernetics & Informatics (K&I), 2018, pp. 1-6.
[45] Ai, Q., Yang, Q., Li, M., Feng, X., & Meng, W. "Implementing Multi-DOF Trajectory Tracking Control System for Robotic Arm Experimental Platform," 2018 10th International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation (ICMTMA), 2018, pp. 282-285.
[46] Á, H., Lengyel, J., & Reskó, B. "3DOF drawing robot using LEGO-NXT," 2011 15th IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Engineering Systems, 2011, pp. 293-295.