利用高解析衛星影像萃取及重建道路路網｜國立中央大學博碩士論文系統

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研究生：	黃弘毅 Hong-Yi Huang
論文名稱：	利用高解析衛星影像萃取及重建道路路網 Road network extraction and reconstruction using high resolution satellite imagery
指導教授：	蔡富安
口試委員:
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 土木工程學系 Department of Civil Engineering
論文出版年：	2019
畢業學年度：	107
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	101
中文關鍵詞：	道路萃取、分類、紋理特徵
外文關鍵詞：	Road extraction, Classification, Texture features
相關次數：	點閱：9 下載：0
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道路是各種車輛與行人通行的主要基礎設施之一，研究道路圖資也是遙測領域所著重的項目之一。本研究利用高解析衛星影像，萃取道路資訊，並建立初步的道路路網資訊。
本研究開發出一套系統化的流程，可從高解析衛星影像中萃取道路資訊並重建道路路網。此程序主要可分為兩個階段:第一階段利用多光譜影像之光譜資訊與灰階共生矩陣(GLCM)演算法解算的紋理資訊，並以支持向量機分類演算法，進行影像分類萃取出道路像元。第二階段則利用雷登轉換進行線性特徵萃取，並進行道路像元的線追蹤，進而重建道路路網。
本研究以 Pleiades 高解析度衛星影像為主要資料，並以台北市部份地區為研究區域。結合前述的兩項主要流程，能有效的偵測測試區域中影像的道路區域，並量化精度與評估演算法的可靠性。在驗證演算法的成果過程中，評估了目標道路萃取的完整性與中心線位置準確性。而整個過程又分為三大步驟:(1)整體的分類正確性 (2)萃取的完整性，以及(3)道路中心線精度。實驗結果顯示，整體的分類正確性達到 93%，道路路網完整性達到 86%。

Automatic road extraction from remote-sensing imagery plays an important role in many applications. In general, road extraction from remote-sensing imagery can be considered as a classification process in which pixels are divided into road classes and others. This study develops a systematic procedure using high-resolution satellite imagery to extract and reconstruct road network in urban areas with a road width greater than 8 meters.
The developed procedure for extracting roads and reconstructing the network can be divided into three steps. The first step; obtaining texture parameters, including contrast, entropy and homogeneity of each pixel using gray level co- occurrence matrix (GLCM). Afterwards, the support vector machine (SVM) is used as a classifier to identify road pixels. Finally, linear feature detection of the road network with radon transform is performed.
This study uses high resolution Pleiades satellite imagery which covers an area of 8 km2 of Taipei city, Taiwan. Experiment results show that the proposed procedure and method can achieve an overall accuracy of 93.11% with a kappa coefficient of 89.20% and completeness over 85%. The results indicate the proposed method is efficient to extract road network from high resolution satellite images.

中文摘要..................................................................................................III
ABSTRACT.............................................................................................. II
目錄..........................................................................................................III
圖目錄................................................................................................... VIII
表目錄.....................................................................................................XII
第一章 緒論 .............................................................................................. 1
1 研究背景.......................................................................................... 1
2 研究動機與目的............................................................................ 2
3 論文架構.......................................................................................... 4
第二章 文獻回顧...................................................................................... 5
1 道路萃取.......................................................................................... 5
1.1 知識法(KNOWLEDGE-BASED METHODS) .............................. 6
1.2 數學形態學(MATHEMATICAL MORPHOLOGY)..................... 7
1.3 主動輪廓模型(ACTIVE CONTOUR MODEL) ............................ 8
1.4 分類法(CLASSIFICATION-BASED METHODS) ....................... 9
V
1.5 小結................................................................................................ 11
2 道路中心線萃取............................................................................ 12
3 總結................................................................................................ 13
第三章 研究方法.................................................................................... 15
1 研究方法綜述................................................................................ 15
2 資料介紹........................................................................................ 16
2.1 PLEIADES 衛星影像.................................................................... 16
3 道路萃取........................................................................................ 18
3.1 NDVI 植物區濾除......................................................................... 19
3.2 紋理分析........................................................................................ 21
3.3 支持向量機.................................................................................... 26
4 道路路網重建................................................................................ 27
4.1 前處理............................................................................................ 29
4.2 線性特徵萃取................................................................................ 30
4.3 道路路網連結................................................................................ 36
第四章 實驗成果與分析........................................................................ 39
VI
1 紋理分析........................................................................................ 39
2 分類訓練及檢核............................................................................ 42
2.1 訓練資料........................................................................................ 42
2.2 分類成果........................................................................................ 44
3 道路路網重建................................................................................ 47
3.1 第一階段萃取................................................................................ 48
3.2 第二階段萃取................................................................................ 54
3.3 路網連結........................................................................................ 56
4 道路路網重建成果評估................................................................ 59
4.1 道路路網完整性評估.................................................................... 62
4.2 漏授誤差........................................................................................ 63
4.3 誤授誤差........................................................................................ 69
4.4 道路路網中心線精度評估 ........................................................... 72
第五章 總結與建議................................................................................ 78
1 研究總結........................................................................................ 78
2 研究建議........................................................................................ 79
VII
參考文獻.................................................................................................. 81
                                

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