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研究生: 古鎮嘉
Chen-Chia Ku
論文名稱: 以軟體定義無線電平台設計與實現LTE下行鏈路實體層發射機
Design and Implementation of LTE Downlink Physical Layer Transmitter with SDR Platform
指導教授: 陳逸民
Yih-Min Chen
口試委員:
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 資訊電機學院 - 通訊工程學系
Department of Communication Engineering
論文出版年: 2017
畢業學年度: 106
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 70
中文關鍵詞: 軟體定義無線電LTEDownlinkOFDMA發射機
外文關鍵詞: Sofeware-defi ne-radio, LTE, Downlink, OFDMA, Transmitter
相關次數: 點閱:6下載:0
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  • 本論文著重於LTE下行傳輸實體層依據3GPP Release 12版本定義之標
    準規格實現控制區域(Control region)與數據區域(Data region)之傳輸。在文中
    將會針對LTE下行鏈路系統做介紹,包括其使用之正交分頻多工(Orthogonal
    Frequency Division Multiplexing,OFDM)技術、下行鏈路的規格以及調變原
    理等。
    而本篇論文以軟體定義無線電的方式,實現LTE下行鏈路的發射
    機。透過搭載實務軟體定義無線電平台,可以實際即時的在特定的頻段發
    設與接收空中的訊號,也可以改變發射及接收增益來觀察訊號在經過空氣
    後發生的變化,以及探討訊號的品質評斷系統優劣度等等。


    This paper focuses on the transmission of Control Region and Data Region
    in the LTE downlink physical layer according to the standard speci cations de ned
    by 3GPP Release 12. In this thesis, we introduce for the LTE downlink system, in-
    cluding the use of OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)technology,
    speci cations and uplink modulation and downlink modulation principle, etc.
    In this thesis, we used Software-de ne-radio to achieve LTE downlink
    transmitter. By the Software-de ne-radio platform, we can immediatly transmit
    and receiver signal in the air on some particular band. Also we can change transmit
    and receive gain to observe the transformation of the signal in the air, discussion on
    the quality of the signal and system, etc.

    中文摘要.............................................................................................................. i ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................... ii 謝誌...................................................................................................................... iii 目錄...................................................................................................................... iv 圖目錄.................................................................................................................. vii 表目錄.................................................................................................................. x 一、緒論.............................................................................................................. 1 1.1 研究動機與背景. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2 章節簡介. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 二、長期演進技術下行鏈路系統簡介.............................................................. 3 2.1 正交分頻多工系統介紹. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2.1.1 正交分頻多工調變原理. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2.1.2 正交分頻多工調變數學模型. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2.1.3 保護區間(Guard Interval) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2.1.4 正交分頻多重存取系統. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2.2 長期演進技術結構介紹. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2.2.1 長期演進技術訊框架構類型. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2.2.2 資源元素群組. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 2.2.3 實體層細胞識別. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2.2.4 分頻與分時多工. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2.2.5 長期演進技術下行通道種類. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.2.6 長期演進技術下行訊號種類. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2.2.7 長期演進技術下行傳輸規格. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 三、長期演進技術下行鏈路之傳送與接收...................................................... 19 3.1 星座圖映射. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 3.2 快速傅立葉轉換(Fast Fourier Transform) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 3.3 符元時序同步(Symbol Timing Synchrnization) . . . . . . . . . . 24 3.3.1 符元時序偏移討論. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 3.3.2 符元時序同步原理. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 3.4 載波頻率同步(Carrier Frequency Synchronization) . . . . . . . . 26 3.4.1 載波頻率誤差之影響. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 3.4.2 載波頻率同步原理. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 3.5 子訊框同步(Subframe Synchronization) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 3.5.1 主同步訊號. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 3.5.2 子訊框同步原理. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 3.6 通道估測(Channel Estimation) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 3.6.1 直接決策通道估測. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 3.6.2 多項式模型化通道估測(Polynomial Model Based) . . . . . . . . 37 3.6.3 取樣後維持通道估測(Sample and Hold) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 四、LTE下行鏈路發射機硬體實現................................................................... 40 4.1 訊框結構結構器. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 4.2 實體控制格式指示通道系統架構. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 4.3 實體廣播通道系統架構. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 4.4 循環冗餘校驗(Cyclic Redundancy Check)硬體架構. . . . . . . . 45 4.5 去尾迴旋碼(Tail Biting Convolutional Coding)硬體架構. . . . . 46 4.6 速率匹配(Rate Matching)硬體架構. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 4.6.1 子區塊交錯器(sub-block interleaver)硬體架構. . . . . . . . . . . 48 4.6.2 位元收集(bit collection)與位元選擇及修剪(bit selection and pruning)硬體架構. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 4.7 資料打亂(Scrambling)硬體架構. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 4.8 參考訊號與同步訊號置入器硬體架構. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 4.9 調變映射(Modulation Mapping)硬體架構. . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 五、軟體定義無線電平台.................................................................................. 54 5.1 軟體定義無線電. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 5.2 軟體定義無線電平台. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 5.3 軟體定義無線電. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 5.4 現場可程式化閘陣列(Field-programmable gate array) . . . . . . 57 5.5 RF module(AD9361) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 5.6 實驗結果. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 5.6.1 LTE下行鏈路發射機合成報告書. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 5.6.2 LTE下行鏈路發射機硬體實現結果. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 5.6.3 發射機驗證結果. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 六、結論.............................................................................................................. 68 參考文獻.............................................................................................................. 69

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