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研究生： 林亞鐘
Yah-Chung Lin
論文名稱： 跳時超寬頻接收機之設計與實現
A Research on the Designing and Implementation of TH (Time Hopping) Based UWB Receiver
指導教授： 蔡木金
Mu-King Tsai
口試委員:
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 資訊電機學院 - 通訊工程學系在職專班
Executive Master of Communication Engineering
畢業學年度： 96
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 66
中文關鍵詞： 關鍵詞：UWB， 無綫通信，超頻寬，Rack接收，低信噪比，低誤碼率。
外文關鍵詞： Ultra-bandwidth, Rack receive, Wireless communications, Keywords：UWB, Low signal to noise ratio, Low error rate.
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    • 中文摘要
    超寬頻無綫通信技術(UWB Ultra-Wideband Wireless Technology)是近年發展很快的一種無綫通信新技術，其具體含義根據美國聯邦通信委員會的定義爲：超寬頻是指信號的-l0dB相對頻帶寬超過20%或絕對頻帶寬超過500MHz。超寬頻無綫通信系統具有許多突出的優點，例如：它具有通信容量大、輻射功率密度低，抗多路徑干擾，結構簡單和保密性佳等。這使得它被視作短距離、高速度無綫通信最具開發潛力的物理層技術之一。超寬頻無綫通信系統具有廣泛的應用前景，將成爲未來無綫應用在網絡的重要組成部分。目前，UWB在商業多媒體設備、無綫傳輸網絡、無綫定位、家庭和個人網絡、智慧型交通系統等諸多領域的應用前景己得到了專業界的普遍認可。因此，建立完善的超寬頻無綫通信系統的基本理論，解决其關鍵技術，是具有非常重要的科學意義和現實意義的。
    本文首先闡述了UWB脈衝通信系統的基本原理和發展歷史，在對其基本理論進行深入研究和分析的基礎上，以降低系統信噪比要求，提高系統的抗噪性能力，從而减少系統的誤碼率爲綫索，設計了一種基於直接脈衝調變TH-UWB 接收機。該接收機具有以下特點：系統功能模組劃分清晰，採用Rack的分集接收方式，對前端射頻和基頻進行了設計和實現，有效的把信號從噪聲中進行分離和合併，極大的降低了系統的信噪比要求，從而有效的降低了系統的誤碼率。本文的主要創新點爲：以降低系統信噪比要求，提高系統的抗噪性能，從而减少系統的誤碼率爲綫索，對UWB接收機進行了系統的原理框圖設計、系統關鍵模組的設計和實現以及系統性能的模擬，得出了一種低信噪比要求的UWB接收機。

    Abstract
    Ultra-wideband wireless communication technology (UWB) has developed very rapidly in recent years is a new wireless communications technology. According to its specific meaning of the U.S. Federal Communications Commission, it is defined as ultra-wideband signal is -l0dB relative bandwidth of more than 20 percent or absolute bandwidth of 500 MHz. Ultra-wideband wireless communication system has many obvious advantages, for example: it has a large capacity communication, low-power density of radiation, anti-multi-path interference, simple structure and confidentiality, and so on. This makes it be regarded as short-distance, high-speed wireless communications the most potential for development of the physical layer technology. Ultra-wideband wireless communication system has a broad prospect, will become the next wireless network in the Pan-an important part. At present, UWB in the business of multimedia equipment, wireless sensor networks, wireless location, family and personal networks, intelligent transportation systems, and many other areas of application has been universally recognized profession. Therefore, the establishment and improvement of ultra-wideband wireless communication system''s basic theory, to resolve their key technologies, is a very important scientific and practical significance.
    This paper first describe the UWB pulse on the communications system and the basic principles of the historical development, its basic theory in an in-depth research and analysis on the basis of request to reduce the signal to noise ratio system, improve the anti-noise performance, thereby reducing the system error Rate for clues, a design based on the direct pulse debugging TH-UWB system. The system has the following characteristics: a clear system of modules, transmitters use high-performance short pulse of narrow-band circuit, making signals with strong anti-noise characteristics; receiver by the diversity reception Rack, effective from the signal Noise in the separation and merger, greatly reducing the system''s signal to noise ratio requirements, thus effectively reducing the system''s non-rate. The main innovation of this paper is: this system reduces the signal to noise ratio requirements, improves the anti-noise performance, and thereby reduces the error rate for clues. The UWB system block diagram of the system design, system design and key modules made the system performance achieve that a low signal to noise ratio requirements of the UWB system structure.

    第1 章 緒論....................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 選題研究的目的和意義....................................................................................... 1 1.2 超寬頻無綫通信的基本原理和概念................................................................... 1 1.2.1 超寬頻無綫通信的基本原理........................................................................ 1 1.2.2 超寬頻無綫通信的基本概念........................................................................ 2 1.2.3 超寬頻無綫通信的基本特點........................................................................ 5 1.3 超寬頻無綫通信技術的發展和現狀................................................................... 7 1.3.1 超寬頻無綫通信技術的發展歷史................................................................ 7 1.3.2 超寬頻無綫通信技術的規範與標準化工作................................................ 8 1.4 超寬頻無綫通信技術的典型應用和研究熱點................................................... 9 1.5 本文主要研究內容............................................................................................. 10 第2 章 超寬頻無綫通信關鍵技術................................................................................ 12 2.1 超寬頻無綫通信的調製技術............................................................................. 12 2.1.1 單脈衝調製.................................................................................................. 12 2.1.2 多脈衝調製.................................................................................................. 12 2.2 超寬頻無綫通信的多址方式............................................................................. 13 2.2.1 跳時超寬頻無綫通信的多址方式.............................................................. 14 2.2.2 直接擴頻超寬頻多址方式.......................................................................... 14 2.3 超寬頻無綫通信中的同步技術......................................................................... 15 2.4 超寬頻無綫通信技術中多子帶技術................................................................. 16 2.5 本章小結............................................................................................................. 17 第3 章 基於直接脈衝方式的UWB 系統的信號波形設計......................................... 18 3.1 超寬頻無綫信號輻射的功率限制..................................................................... 18 3.2 超寬頻脈衝的産生基本原理及設計要求......................................................... 20 3.3 典型UWB 超寬頻脈衝波形............................................................................. 21 3.3.1 高斯脈衝信號.............................................................................................. 21 3.3.2 三角包絡窄脈衝信號.................................................................................. 21 3.3.3 升餘弦脈衝信號.......................................................................................... 22 3.4 脈衝波形設計的影響因素................................................................................. 22 3.5 本章小結............................................................................................................. 23 第4 章 直接脈衝之跳時超寬頻接收機之設計............................................................ 24 4.1 引言..................................................................................................................... 24 4.2 接收機框圖......................................................................................................... 24 4.3 基於上述原理圖的系統設計實例..................................................................... 25 4.4 前端射頻電路設計............................................................................................. 26 4.4.1 低噪聲放大器設計...................................................................................... 26 4.4.2 零中頻RF 電路單元設計........................................................................... 28 4.5 基頻處理單元設計............................................................................................. 30 4.5.1 接收機同步模組.......................................................................................... 30 4.5.2 高速LDPC 編解碼器設計......................................................................... 33 第5 章 直接脈衝之跳時超寬頻接收機之實現與測試................................................ 38 5.1 引言..................................................................................................................... 38 5.2 接收機實現......................................................................................................... 38 5.2.1 RACK 接收機原理及整體框圖..................................................................... 38 5.2.2 RACK 接收機的信道估計模組設計............................................................. 39 5.3 接收機系統性能模擬與測試............................................................................. 40 5.3.1 接收機射頻部分模擬.................................................................................. 40 5.3.2 接收機基頻處理部分模擬.......................................................................... 45 5.3.3 RACK 的性能分析......................................................................................... 49 5.3.4 整體系統模擬.............................................................................................. 51 5.4 本章小結............................................................................................................. 53 第6 章 總結與展望.............................................................................................................................54 46.1 本文總結.................................................................................................................................54 6.2 UWB 技術及後續工作展望.............................................................................. 55 參考文獻---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------57

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