近十幾年來，專利保護的議題漸受重視，然而保護水準的提升對於經濟發展、技術創新、國外直接投資，乃至與出口貿易的影響，則未有ㄧ確切的定論。本文可視為Maskus & Penubarti(1995)與Smith(1999,2001,2002)之後續研究，探討專利保護水準如何影響台灣地區出口貿易，資料為民國78年到89年的panel data，並以OLS、固定效果模型與隨機效果模型估計之。台灣的實證結果並不能服從以往文獻的假設－出口至技術能力較高的國家會有市場擴張效果(Market Expansion Effect)，出口至技術能力較低的國家則會有市場力量效果(Market Power Effect)。研究認為以往文獻主要是以已開發國家為研究對象，因此之前的假設並不適用於開發中國家。然而，台灣的出口還是存在著幾個特徵：1.台灣對中低技術乃至於中低所得國家具有競爭優勢，因此保護水準的提升往往有助於台灣出口到這些地區。2.相對於出口到技術能力較高的國家，在專利保護加強之後，台灣出口往往呈現負向關係。出口呈現負向關係時，並非如文獻所說的是因為市場擴張效果影響，而應當還需考慮出口產品遭受到競爭排擠的現象，尤其是開發中國家其出口產品往往並非佔有技術上的領先優勢。研究提出不同以往的解釋，以區別開發中國家與已開發國家的不同。

ㄧ、中文部份
姚仁德，1998，「專利保護對技術創新影響之研究-以新竹科學園區股票上市上櫃公司為例」，國立中央大學產業經濟研究所碩士班論文
陳契盈，1999，「由專利資料分析我國之研發產出及其關聯」，國立中央大學工業管理研究所碩士班論文
楊志海，1999，「技術來源、創新與生產力」，國立中央大學產業經濟研究所博士班論文
王文娟，2000，「東亞各國出口產品在美、日、歐市場競爭替代分析」，台北：經濟部、中華經濟研究院
張明仁，2002，「智慧財產權保護與農產品貿易相關性之研究─以美國種子出口為例」，國立台灣大學農業經濟研究所碩士班論文
李彥鋒，2002，「智慧財產權保護會促進投資？」，國立東華大學國際經濟研究所碩士班論文
鄒燦凱，2003，「專利制度變動與廠商專利行為-新竹科學園區廠商實證研究」，私立淡江大學產業經濟學系碩士班碩士論文
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三．相關網站
世界貿易組織， http://www.wto.org
法國國際信息與展望研究中心， http://www.cepii.fr
國際知識產權組織， http://www.wipo.int
賓夕法尼亞大學國際競爭力中心， http://pwt.econ.upenn.edu/
美國專利與商標局，http://www.uspto.gov
台灣國際貿易局，http://www.trade.gov.tw
經濟部智慧財產局，http://www.tipo.gov.tw