在現代的商業環境中，供應鏈的競爭取代了企業與企業之間的單打獨鬥。製造商學會與顧客合作，建立夥伴關係，而這樣的供應鏈關係能夠幫助企業運作得更有效率，並且達到雙贏的目標。供應鏈的發展型態、範圍長度、管理技術等成為學者研究的重要議題，但是上下游廠商之間供應鏈關係的品質卻較少受到重視。本研究採用Naude and Buttle（2000）提出的供應鏈關係品質代表構面：信任、調適、溝通、合作等，以台灣製造業為研究對象，以問卷方式蒐集資料，衡量台灣製造廠商與最主要顧客之間供應鏈關係品質之各構面的表現，是否對其供應鏈之績效表現產生正面的影響。實證結果顯示，廠商在包括信任、溝通與合作等構面與績效之間都有顯著的正向關係。此外，本研究試圖探討產業的環境因素對供應鏈關係品質與供應鏈績效之間的關係是否產生干擾。而實證結果證明，在產業競爭程度較激烈的環境下，製造商與顧客之關係品質與績效間的正向連結將更為明顯強烈。

The competition in business nowadays appears to be supply chain versus supply chain, but not company versus company. Manufacturers learn to build their association by cooperating with customers, and such supply chain relationships help enterprises not only operate more efficiently, but achieve the win-win target. The pattern of development, scope and length, as well as management of supply chains have become important topics in academic research, however, few studies have focused on the relationship quality of supply chains between upstream and downstream enterprises. This research adopted Naude and Buttle’s relationship quality of supply chain as dimensions, including trust, adaptation, communication, cooperation, and so on. The subject of study was the manufacturing industry in Taiwan, and the data were collected by questionnaires to examine whether Taiwan manufacturing companies’ relationship qualities in each dimension of supply chain with their major customers have positive effects on the performance of their supply chains. The empirical results reveal that dimensions including trust, communication, cooperation, etc. all have significant positive relationships with the performance. Besides, this research attempted to investigate whether industrial environmental factors interfere with the relationship between relationship qualities and the performance of supply chain. And the empirical results prove that in the fiercer competitive environment, the positive linkage between relationship qualities and the performance becomes stronger.

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