基於ARM架構之Linux嵌入式系統啟動加速技術｜國立中央大學博碩士論文系統

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研究生：	李彥平 Yen-Ping Lee
論文名稱：	基於ARM架構之Linux嵌入式系統啟動加速技術
指導教授：	王尉任 Wei-Jen Wang
口試委員:
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	資訊電機學院 - 軟體工程研究所 Graduate Institute of Software Engineering
論文出版年：	2019
畢業學年度：	107
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	49
中文關鍵詞：	嵌入式系統、嵌入式 Linux系統、快速啟動、bootloader
外文關鍵詞：	embedded system, embedded Linux, fast booting, bootloader
相關次數：	點閱：12 下載：0
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隨著物聯網技術與車用電子的快速普及，為了要實現智慧車載環境，現在汽車嵌入式系統需要處理感測器之感測資訊，但是由於車載環境具有無法持續穩定供電的特性，例如在汽車引擎熄火後所有電子裝置僅能仰賴電瓶供電，所以大部分的車載系統為了減少電力消耗會切換系統狀態至待命或者切斷電源，等待引擎發動時在切換回工作狀態，因此如何縮短嵌入式系統在狀態切換所消耗之時間就成了一個迫切需要解決的問題。快速啟動技術主要是根據嵌入式系統之特性，透過優化資料傳輸與減少不必要之初始化步驟，使得系統能夠以更短的時間進入可工作狀態，本研究將會在現存之加速技術中，選出適合現今嵌入式系統架構之技術，並針對所遇到之問題提出解決辦法，經過實驗測試，優化後的效能相較優化前減少了70%的啟動時間。

With the rapid popularization of the Internet of things and automotive electronics, the modern embedded system automotive needs to process information from sensors to help achieve an intelligent vehicle environment. The automotive environment has the characteristic of unstable power supply. For example, when the car flameout and the only power supply is car battery, the embedded system on the car should enter the standby mode or just shut down to save power. When the engine starts, the system comes back to the working mode. However, this procedure takes time, and it will become a problem if this procedure takes too long. Hence we need a fast booting mechanism to reduce the initializing time of the embedded system. The fast booting mechanism is mainly based on the characteristics of the embedded platform. Several types of techniques are popular: first is to bypass the unnecessary part of the booting procedure, second is to create a snapshot when the system is totally initialized, then resume the system by load the snapshot back when next booting, last is reduce booting time by changing the algorithm that used by booting procedure. This paper presents some the techniques that fit in the modern embedded systems and proposes a solution to this problem. Through experimental tests, the optimized systems initialize time is 70% faster than the original system.

摘要    i
Abstract    ii
圖目錄    v
表目錄    vii
第一章    緒論    1
1-1 前言    1
1-2 研究動機    1
1-3 論文貢獻    2
1-4 論文架構    2
第二章    背景知識    3
2-1背景技術    3
2-1-1 Das U-Boot[7]    3
2-1-2嵌入式Linux 啟動流程    4
2-1-3 Linux kernel 壓縮技術    4
2-1-4 LZO [11]壓縮演算法    5
2-1-5 Linux kernel image    5
2-1-6設備樹(Device tree)[12]    6
2-1-7工具鏈(Toolchain)    6
2-2啟動加速技術介紹    7
2-2-1 U-boot Falcon mode    7
2-2-2 Software Suspend/Resume[6]    8
2-2-3 Tux-On-Ice(TOI)    9
第三章    系統架構    10
3-1主要架構    10
3-2 系統建構流程    12
3-2-1 Bootloader    12
3-2-2 Linux kernel    12
3-2-3 儲存媒體配置    13
3-3 優化方法    14
3-3-1 U-Boot falcon mode    15
3-3-2 Disable kernel logging[14]    21
3-3-3 Disable BTRFS[15]    21
3-3-3 Kernel compression method    22
3-3-4 Suspend to disk    23
第四章    實驗結果與分析    29
4-1 實驗環境與量測方法    29
4-2 實驗結果與效能分析    30
4-2-1 優化方法一: Disable kernel logging    30
4-2-2 優化方法二: Disable BTRFS    31
4-2-3 優化方法三: Kernel compression method    31
4-2-4 優化方法四: U-Boot falcon mode    32
4-2-5 優化方法五: Suspend to disk    33
4-2-6 綜合測試    34
第五章    結論與未來研究方向    35
參考資料    36

                                

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