LEPS2實驗用高阻抗平板偵測器的研發｜國立中央大學博碩士論文系統

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研究生：	謝佳諭 Chia-Yu Hsieh
論文名稱：	LEPS2實驗用高阻抗平板偵測器的研發 Research and Development of Prototype MRPC for LEPS2 Experimrnt
指導教授：	章文箴 Wen-Chen Chang 林宗泰 W. T. Lin
口試委員:
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	理學院 - 物理學系 Department of Physics
畢業學年度：	100
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	53
中文關鍵詞：	高阻抗平板偵測器
外文關鍵詞：	LEPS2, RPC, TOF, MRPC
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LEPS2實驗將在2013年於日本SPring-8開始取數。一組4pi維度的偵測器正在研發當中，其中高阻抗平板偵測器(Multi-gap Resistive Plate Chamber－MRPC)為量測粒子飛行時間的偵測器。為了在飛行距離約為一公尺中分辨動量為 1.5 GeV/c 的 K 和 pi 兩種粒子，高阻抗平板偵測器必須到達 50皮秒的時間解析度及 99 % 以上的效率。為了最佳化我們的高阻抗平板偵測器，我們研究了偵測器輸出的幾何形狀、氣體成分、放大器、、、等等。目前為止，我們決定了高阻抗平板偵測器的結構和輸出板的大小。 260 微米 x 5 gaps x 2 層的高阻抗平板偵測器，在 2.5 x 100 平方公分輸出板下，其可以到達 60 皮秒的時間解析度及 99 % 的效率。整個量測飛行時間的系統約需要400個電子通道。將來我們將會繼續研究放大器和氣體成分。

The LEPSII experiment is scheduled to start in 2013. The development of a 4 pi detectors and the construction of a solenoid magnet is currently underway. In order to
separate K and pi with momenta up to 1.5 GeV/c using Time-of-Flight (TOF) over a distance of about 100 cm in the magnet, Multi-Gap Resistive Plate Chamber (MRPC) operated in avalanche mode is chosen due to the need of large area, high e ciency and 50-ps time resolution. For optimizing the best con guration of MRPC, we investigated geometry of pad/strip, width of gap, number of gap, the gas mixture, trigger rate, etc. The 260um x 2 stacks x 5 gaps MRPC with the 2.5 x 100 cm2 strip reached 99 % effi ciency and around 60-ps time resolution below 20 Hz/cm2. The chamber was filled with gas mixture of 90 % R134a, 5 % SF6 and 5 % Iso-butane. The signals were ampli ed by PMT Amp (KN2104). We needs around 400 channels to cover the whole area of TOF system. The performance of MRPC is close to LEPSII requirement. The gas mixture and the ampli er will be investigated in the future.

Introduction 1
1 Particle Identi cation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2 TOF Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.1 Experiment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.2 Mass resolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.3 Time resolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3 LEPS II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3.1 The requirement of RPC for LEPSII . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) 10
1 Gas Ionization chamber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.1 Brief Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.2 Operation Principle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.3 Operational Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.4 Choice of Filling Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2 Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
2.1 History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
2.2 Operational Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.3 Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Prototype MRPC for LEPSII 20
1 Construction of Prototype MRPC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
1.1 Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
1.2 Assembly Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
1.3 Cosmic Ray Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
2 Beam Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3 Data Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Results and Discussion 33
1 High Voltage Dependence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
2 Trigger Rate Dependence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3 Material of Read-out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
4 Gap Width . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
5 Number of Gaps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
6 Pad Read-out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
6.1 Pad Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
6.2 Trigger Position for Pad Read-out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
6.3 Read-out Shape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
7 Strip Read-out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
7.1 Gap width and Strip Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
7.2 Trigger Position for Strip Read-out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
8 Gas Mixture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
9 Ampli er . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Conclusion 48
Bibliography 50

                                

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