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研究生：	謝旻莉 Shemile Poblete
論文名稱：	On the Velocity Dispersion Profiles of Elliptical Galaxies Using MaNGA IFU Data
指導教授：	高仲明
口試委員:
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	理學院 - 天文研究所 Graduate Institute of Astronomy
論文出版年：	2023
畢業學年度：	111
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	100
外文關鍵詞：	BCGs
相關次數：	點閱：13 下載：0
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查詢本校圖書館目錄查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統勘誤回報

本研究中，橢圓星系的動力學剖線和星系特質被系統化地探索。最新的研究顯示，一
種特殊的橢圓星系分類，稱為星團最亮星系，被發現展現幾乎平坦的速度離散度剖
線，和一般下降曲線不同。所以，從有積分視場單元的攝譜儀資料的大量樣本中分
類速度離散度剖線是重要的。在紅移小於0.15的MaNGA資料庫中的4800星系裡，大約
有1400個橢圓星系被判定依據史隆數位巡天中第15次資料發布的光度以及型態資料。在
我們的樣本中，引入一個經驗的速度離散度剖線並使用最大概似估計擬和，以及線性
擬和。三種不同的速度離散度剖線被分類出。一些星系特質的關聯性和直方圖也同時
被探究，包含辨識出的星團最亮星系。

In this study, kinematic profiles of elliptical galaxies are systematically explored, as well as the correlations between their galactic properties. More recently, a specific type of elliptical galaxy, Brightest Cluster Galaxies (BCGs), was found to demonstrate nearly flat velocity dispersion profiles, which is different from the usual declining profiles. So, categorizing the different types of velocity dispersion profiles is important to be investigated
in a large sample with integrated field unit (IFU) spectrograph data. Among the 4800 galaxies in MaNGA with redshift range z < 0.15, around 1400 elliptical galaxies are determined
based on Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) DR15 photometric and morphological
data. An empirical velocity dispersion profile is introduced for all elliptical galaxies in our
samples and found the best fit using maximum likelihood estimation as well as linear fit.
3 different types of velocity dispersion profiles are categorized. Some galactic properties
are also studied with their correlations and histograms including identified BCGs.

Abstract iv
Acknowledgements vi
List of Figures x
List of Tables xii
Introduction 1
1 The Missing Mass Problem and Flat Rotation Curves . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2 Types of Galaxies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.1 Hubble Tuning Fork . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.2 Spiral Galaxies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.3 Elliptical Galaxies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.4 Brightest Clusters Galaxies (BCGs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3 Velocity Dispersion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
4 The Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Data and Methods 10
1 Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.1 Integral Field Unit (IFU) and Mapping Nearby Galaxies at APO
(MaNGA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.2 MaNGA Pipe3D Value Added Catalog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.3 Marvin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.4 SDSS Photometric Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.5 Galaxy Zoo 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
2 Sample Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.1 Elliptical Galaxies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.2 Brightest Cluster Galaxies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
3 Velocity Dispersion Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4 Empirical Velocity Dispersion Profile (EVDP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
5 Maximum Likelihood Estimation and Residual Sum of Squares . . . . . . . 18
Results 20
1 Visual Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2 Fitting with the EVDP and the Linear Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2.1 MLE Result and Parameter Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
2.2 Residual Sum of Squares . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
3 Correlation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
3.1 Histograms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
3.2 Parameter Correlation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3.3 Star Formation Correlation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Discussion 31
Conclusions and Future Works 34
1 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Bibliography 36
A Fitted Velocity Dispersion Profiles 39
A.1 EVDP Classified Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
A.2 Linear Classified Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
A.3 Unclassified Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
B Table of Fitting Results 56
C Relation between Velocity and Mass Distributions 86
                                

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