近年來防災自動化監測越來越受到重視，在眾多監測技術中，時域反射法(Time Domain Reflectometry, TDR)可提供水位、橋梁沖刷、邊坡錯動變形以及泥砂濃度等多功能監測，且TDR只需具備多工器，即可實現一機多功能的優點，但既有TDR監測資訊平台仍缺乏錯動變形之自動化功能，因此本研究回顧九份地區邊坡滑動監測案例，利用TDR變位型方式，透過UML(Unified Modeling Language)分析規劃與實作，提出變形監測功能補充修訂，並且增進網站之資料視覺化(Visulization)修訂。另外，OGC(Open Geospatial Consortium)制定SWE(Sensor Web Enablement)標準為近來各家遵循之應用，其中SOS(Sensor Observation Service)對於感測器描述、觀測位置、觀測時間與觀測屬性已有標準化的定義，並且以web service方式實現資料互通性，本研究提出SOS與TDR資訊平台連結應用之架構規劃與實作，以資料完全自動化為導向，提出TDR感測器異質性資料管理與描述，藉以提昇資料交流效率。

The automatic monitoring systems are gradually concerned for disaster prevention in Taiwan recently. Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) is a passive monitoring technique which provides multi-functions, such as water level , bridge scour, landslide, and suspended sediment concentration (SSC), based on a single TDR device via a multiplexer. This study reviewed firstly the existing TDR information platform and a case study of using TDR landslide monitoring in JiuFen. To integrate the landslide function into TDR monitoring platform, the study provided an improved architecture designed in Unified Modeling Language (UML) and modified interfaces for administrator and client. Heterogeneity data management and sensor description for open data sharing are also discussed in this platform. The Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) with Sensor Web Enablement (SWE) of Sensor Observation Service (SOS) can enhance the interoperability of information. SOS has a standardized definition for the sensor description, observed position, and observed feature. Besides, it realizes data interoperable way by providing web service. This study developed a middleware between SOS and the existing TDR information platform to heterogeneity data interoperability finally.

1. 52°NorthSOS. (2017). “52°NorthSOS About”< http://52north.org/communities/sensorweb/sos/>
2. Arugs Monitoring Software. (2017). “Introdution.” <http://www.argusmonitoringsoftware.com/introduction.htm>
3. Arugs Monitoring Software. (2005). “argus-administrator-manual.” <http://www.argusmonitoringsoftware.com/index.html>
4. Brambilla Davide, Longoni Laura and Papini Monica (2015). “Field and laboratory testing of time domain reflectometry cables for landslide monitoring.” 15th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference, pp. 329-336.
5. Chung, C.C, Lin, C.P., Wu, I.L.; Chen P.H., and Tsay, T.K. (2013). “New TDR waveguides and data reduction method for monitoring of stream and drainage stage.” Journal of Hydrology, Vol.505, pp.346-351
6. Chung, C.C. and Lin, C.P. (2011). “High Concentration Suspended Sediment Measurements using Time Domain Reflectometry.” Journal of Hydrology, Vol. 401, pp. 134-144.
7. Deegree. (2017). “Deegree 3 SensorObservationService development overview” < http://wiki.deegree.org/deegreeWiki/deegree3/SOSDevelopment?highlight=%28%28deegree3%7CSensorObservationService%29%29>
8. Dowding, C. H., Huang, F. H., and McComb, P. S. (1996). “Water Pressure Measurement with Time Domain Reflectometry.” Geotechnical Testing Journal, Vol.19, pp.58-64
9. Drusa Marián and Bulko Roman (2016). “Rock slide monitoring by using TDR inclinometers.” De Gruyter Open, Vol.12, pp. 137-144.
10. Geotechnical Instrumentation News. (2011). “INSITE Web Based Data Management Software” <http://www.bitech.ca/pdf/GeoTechNews/2011/GIN%202901.pdf>
11. GeoCENS. (2017). “INSITE Web Based Data Management Software” <http://www.geocens.ca/>
12. GML. (2017). “Geography Markup Language.”< http://www.opengeospatial.org/standards/gml >
13. HUVEMQ. (2017). “About MQTT.” <http://www.hivemq.com/blog/mtt-essentials-part-4-mqtt-publish-subscribe-unsubscribe>
14. Lin, C.P. (2009) “TDR as Geo-Nerve: A Slope Monitoring System Example.” Geotechnical instrumentation News, pp. 38-40.
15. Lin, C.P. and Tang, S.H. (2005). “Development and calibration of a TDR extensometer for geotechnical monitoring.” Geotechnical Testing Journal, Vol. 28, No. 5, Paper ID: GTJ12188.
16. Lin, C.-P., Chung, C.-C., Huisman, J. A., and Tang, S.-H. (2008). “Clarification and Calibration of Reflection Coefficient for Electrical Conductivity Measurement by Time Domain Reflectometry.” Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., Vol. 72, pp. 1033-1040.
17. Lin, C.P., Tang, S.H., Lin, W.C., and Chung, C.C. (2009). “Quantification of cable deformation with TDR: implications to landslide monitoring.” Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Vol. 135, No. 1, pp. 143-152.
18. Monitoring Point. (2001). “Account Levels” <http://www.monitoringpoint.com>
19. MapServer. (2017). “MapServer 7.0.6 Documentation-OGC Support and Configuration.”< http://wiki.deegree.org/deegreeWiki/deegree3/SOSDevelopment?highlight=%28%28deegree3%7CSensorObservationService%29%29>
20. O'Connor, K. M.,andDowding, C. H. (1988) “GeoMeasurement by Plusing TDR Cables and Probes.” International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, Vol. 25, NO. 5, pp. 287-297.New York.CRC Press.
21. Open Geospatial Consortium. (2010). “OGC Web Service Common Implementation Specification.” <http://portal.opengeospatial.org/files/?artifact_id=38867>
22. Open Geospatial Consortium. (2010). “SWE Service Model Implementation Standard.” <http://portal.opengeospatial.org/files/?artifact_id=38476>
23. Open Geospatial Consortium. (2012). “Sensor Observation Service Interface Standard.” <https://portal.opengeospatial.org/files/?artifact_id=47599>
24. Open Geospatial Consortium. (2013). “Geographic Information-Observations and Measurements.” <https://portal.opengeospatial.org/files/?artifact_id=41579>
25. Open Geospatial Consortium. (2015).“Sensor Web Enablement (SWE).”<http://www.opengeospatial.org/ogc/markets-technologies/swe>
26. Open Geospatial Consortium. (2017).“About OGC.”<http://www.opengeospatial.org/ogc>
27. Open Geospatial Consortium. (2017).“Sensor Model Language (SensorML)”<https://portal.opengeospatial.org/files/?artifact_id=55939>
28. Open Geospatial Consortium. (2017).“Sensor Planning Service Implementation Standard”<http://portal.opengeospatial.org/files/?artifact_id=38478 >
29. TDR 100 Detailed Description. (2017). “TDR100: Time-Domain Reflectometer”<https://www.campbellsci.com/tdr100>
30. TDR 3000 Detailed Description. (2017). “Time Domain Reflectometer TDR 3000 - Sympuls Aachen”<http://www.sympuls-aachen.de/produkte/tdr3000/tdr3000e.html>
31. Vista Data Vision. (2017).“Demo”<http://www.vistadatavision.com/demo_login/>
32. Vista Data Vision. (2017).“version comparison”<http://www.vistadatavision.com/purchase/version-comparison/>
33. WMS. (2017).“Web Map Service”<http://www.opengeospatial.org/standards/wms>
34. Yankielun, N. E., and Zabilansky, L. (1999). “Laboratory investigation of time-domain reflectometry system for monitoring bridge scour,” Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, Vol.125, pp. 1279-1283.
35. Robinson, D. A., Jones, S. B., Wraith, J. M., Or, D., and Friedman, S. P. (2003). “A Review of Advances in Dielectric and Electrical Conductivity Measurement in Soils Using Time Domain Reflectometry,” Vadose Zone Journal, Vol.2, pp. 444-475.
36. 林文欽，2007，「TDR錯動變形物理模型與資料分析改良」，碩士倫文，國立交通大學土木工程系。
37. 陳家益 (2011)，「水文資訊監測系統的資料傳輸及控制平台改善」，碩士論文，國立交通大學資訊科學與工程研究所。
38. 楊正德、黃貴麟、何丁武、黃富馴、林哲暉，「國土資訊系統通訊-服務導向架構之技術概念」，水利署e河川資訊交換平台之現況與展望，第72期，頁12-27。
39. 戴子強 (2010)，「TDR感測平台資訊系統」，碩士論文，國立交通大學網路工程研究所。
40. 國立交通大學防災與水環境研究中心 (2015)，「時域反射法應用於九份地滑區即時監測及檢測計畫」，成果報告，新北市政府農業局。