以FPGA實現IEEE802.11 b/g 媒體存取層之接收部份｜國立中央大學博碩士論文系統

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研究生：	郭俊鴻 Chun-hung Kuo
論文名稱：	以FPGA實現IEEE802.11 b/g 媒體存取層之接收部份 FPGA IMPLEMENTATION OF IEEE 802.11 b/g MAC LAYER RECEIVER PART
指導教授：	蔡木金 Mu-King Tsay
口試委員:
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	資訊電機學院 - 通訊工程學系在職專班 Executive Master of Communication Engineering
畢業學年度：	95
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	81
相關次數：	點閱：19 下載：0
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隨著科技的進步，愈來愈多的電子設備及產品走向無線通訊的境界，而在1999 年由IEEE 協會制定出802.11 的規格後，各大小廠商莫不盡力的將此一規格實現及改進，除了創造出無限的商機外，也為廣大的使用者帶來了莫大的方便。隨著802.11產品的成熟。同時低成本及客製化也會成為趨勢。
在本論文中將針對802.11的規格裡所提到的Media Access control(MAC) 部份作討論及研究，並且根據802.11b 所制定的規格參數，使用VHSIC Hardware Description Language(VHDL) 設計一個符合802.11 MAC 的接收部份模組，其中包含了同步處理、重組訊框處理等。以滿足低成本及客製化相關的要求。

There are many new technologies are updated everyday, more and more electric equipments and products move towards the realm of the wireless communication. After the IEEE associations define 802.11 specifications in 1997, for various manufacturers do the best to realize and improve these specifications which create the limitless business opportunity and make greatest convenience for everyone. Development duration, products for 802.11 become more and more mature. In the same time, cost down and customize specific part will be a trend.
In this thesis, we will focus on 802.11 MAC section in receiver part which include frame formats, and some important parts, synchronization and defragmentation frame function. We use VHDL (VHSIC Hardware Description Language) to design a MAC receiver part based on 802.11b parameters. For fulfilled that cost down and customize requirement.

ABSTRACT (in Chinese)..................................................................................i
ABSTRACT (in English)..................................................................................ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS (in Chinese)……………………........................iii
CONTENTS.......……………......................................................................... iv
LIST OF FIG.S...............................................................................................vii
LIST OF TABLES...........................................................................................xi
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION......................................................................1
1-1    Introduction..................................................................................1
1-2    Motivation....................................................................................1
1-3    Organization of the Thesis...........................................................2
CHAPTER 2 DESCRIPTION OF STANDARD..............................................5
2-1    Characteristics of wireless LANs.................................................5
2-2    IEEE 802.11 Overview................................................................6
2-2-1  IEEE 802 Concepts.......................................................................6
2-2-2  802.11 Physical Components.......................................................7
2-2-2-1 Distribution System......................................................................8
2-2-2-2 Access points................................................................................8
2-2-2-3 Wireless medium..........................................................................8
2-2-2-4 Station...........................................................................................8
2-2-3  802.11 Network Topologies.........................................................9
2-2-3-1 Independent Networks..................................................................9
2-2-3-2 Infrastructure Networks..............................................................11
2-3    MAC Layer Function Description.............................................13
2-3-1  MAC Layer Operation................................................................13
2-3-1-1 Fragmentation/Defragmentation................................................14
2-3-1-2 Carrier-Sensing Function and Network Allocation Vector……………....................................................……........15
2-3-2  DCF............................................................................................16
2-3-2-1 CSMA/CA..................................................................................16
2-3-2-2 RTS/CTS....................................................................................20
2-3-2-3 CTS-to-itself...............................................................................21
2-3-2-4 Protection Mechanism………….............…………...................22
2-3-3  PCF.............................................................................................23
2-4    MAC Frame Format...................................................................23
2-4-1  Frame Control Field....................................................................24
2-4-2  Duration Field.............................................................................27
2-4-3  Address Field..............................................................................28
2-4-4  Sequence Control Field..............................................................29
2-4-5  Frame Body Field.......................................................................29
2-4-6  FCS Field....................................................................................30
2-5    Format of individual frame types...............................................30
2-5-1  Data Frame.................................................................................30
2-5-2  Control Frame.............................................................................30
2-5-2-1 Request To Send (RTS) frame format........................................31
2-5-2-2 Clear To Send (CTS) frame format............................................31
2-5-2-3 Acknowledgement (ACK) frame format....................................32
2-6    Synchronization.........................................................................32
2-6-1  Passive Scan...............................................................................33
2-6-2  Active Scan…………………………......................….……......33
CHAPTER 3 802.11 b/g MAC RECEIVER DESIGN IMPLEMENTATION...............................................................35
3-1    Introduced of FPGA...................................................................35
3-2    MAC Receiver Design Architecture and Implementation..........................................................................36
3-2-1  Design flow and tools.................................................................37
3-2-2  Verification equipment and test configuration...........................39
3-3    Specifications of MAC receiver each module...........................41
3-3-1  Receiver module.........................................................................41
3-3-2  CRC32 Module...........................................................................42
3-3-3  Scan and Synchronization Module.............................................47
3-3-4  Defragmentation Module............................................................50
3-3-5  Functional Verify Procedure of Receiver Module.....................50
CHAPTER 4 SIMULATION AND VERIFY RESULTS..............................55
4-1    Simulation and Results..............................................................55
4-1-1  CRC32 function..........................................................................55
4-1-2  Scan and synchronization function.............................................57
4-1-3  Defragmentation function...........................................................58
4-1-4  Full function verification............................................................62
4-2    Hardware full function verification and Results........................64
4-3    MAC Design Method Comparison............................................68
CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSIONS.......................................................................73
REFERENCES................................................................................................75
APPENDIX A.................................................................................................77
A-1   Medium Access Control receiver schematic...............................77

                                

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