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研究生： 王穎智
Ying-Chih Wang
論文名稱： H.264之快速小數點移動估測法則之研究
Fast Fractional Pixel Search Algorithm in H.264/AVC
指導教授： 林銀議
Yin-Yi Lin
口試委員:
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 資訊電機學院 - 通訊工程學系
Department of Communication Engineering
畢業學年度： 95
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 64
中文關鍵詞： H.264 、移動估測 、四分之ㄧ精確點 、對稱曲面函數
外文關鍵詞： half pixel, quarter pixel, H.264, symmetric convex cup
相關次數： 點閱：16  下載：0 
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    • H.264是現今最新的視訊壓縮技術，其四分之ㄧ精確度(quarter resolution)的移動補償(motion compensation)可使系統對物體移動的描述更為精準。然而當解析度越高時，系統所要花費在移動估算(motion estimation)的的時間也越多，複雜度也相對提升，所以減少搜尋點數(searching points)是必然且有意義的。我們利用[7]所提出的以拋物曲面為預測函數(paraboloid prediction convex function)，並改善其搜尋點數的條件來達到複雜度的減低。使原本在半像素解析度上，搜尋點數從9點減少至2點，運算複雜度降低大約78%；在四分之ㄧ精確點解析度上，搜尋點數從17點減少至大約6點，運算複雜度降低大約65%。實驗結果中可證明不管是哪種解析度，我們都能維持一定的編碼效能。

    H.264/AVC is a new video compression coding standard, in which quarter resolution and motion compensation can achieve more accurate motion description. It means that we need more time to find the best condition. Therefore, reducing the computational complexity for fractional pixels is necessary and significant. We proposed a fast fractional pixel search algorithm using symmetric convex cup for half and quarter resolution. In any case (half and quarter resolution), we can roughly reduce 65%~78% of computation complexity compared to that in the reference software. Experimental results show that our proposed algorithm preserve almost the same rate-distortion curve , which compare to the original full search(FS).

    第一章 緒論 1.1 簡介 1 1.2 研究動機與目的 1 1.3 論文架構 2 第二章 基本H.264原理介紹 2.1 H.264視訊壓縮標準 3 2.1.1畫面內(intra)預測模式 3 2.1.2畫面間(inter)預測模式 5 2.2 移動估測與補償 6 2.2.1小數移動向量(fractional motion vector) 6 2.2.2多幅參考畫面(multiple reference frame) 7 2.2.3移動估測(motion estimation)搜尋 8 2.3 移動向量預測(motion vector prediction) 9 2.4 視訊樣本 11 第三章 快速半像素移動估測演算法 3.1 回顧H.264小數點演算法與現有之半像素演算法 14 3.1.1對稱曲面函數之半像素演算法 16 3.1.2完整拋物函數演算法 18 3.2 對稱曲面函數與完整拋物函數之比較 21 3.2.1二維位移量之對稱曲面函數演算法 22 3.2.2編碼效能比較 23 3.3 對稱曲面函數半像素搜尋法之改良 26 3.4 效能分析 32 3.4.1程式模擬環境 33 3.4.2不同量化參數下之搜尋點數比較 33 3.5 半像素移動估測演算法之結論 36 第四章 快速四分之ㄧ精確點移動估測演算法 4.1 回顧現有提出之四分之ㄧ精確點演算法 42 4.1.1對稱曲面函數之四分之ㄧ精確點演算法 43 4.1.2基於鄰近小數點相關性之移動估測演算法 44 4.2 對稱曲面函數四分之ㄧ精確點搜尋法之改良 49 4.3 效能分析 51 4.3.1程式模擬環境 51 4.3.2不同量化參數下之搜尋點數比較 51 4.4 四分之ㄧ精確點移動估測演算法之結論 54 第五章 結論與未來展望 62 參考文獻 63

    【1】Zhibo Chen, Peng Zhou, and Yun He, “Fast Integer Pel and Fractional Pel Motion Estimation for JVT,” JVT-F017, 6th Meeting, Awaji, Japan, Dec. 5 –13, 2002.
    【2】Zhibo Chen, Peng Zhou, and Yun He, “Fast Motion Estimation for JVT,” JVT-G016, 7th Meeting, Pattaya II, Thailand, March 7 –14, 2003.
    【3】Libo Yang, Keman Yu, Jiang Li, and Shipeng Li, “Prediction-based directional fractional pixel motion estimation for H.264 video coding,” Proceeding of IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing(ICASSP), vol. 3, pp.901-904, March 2005.
    【4】Bo Zhou, and Jian Chen, “A fast two-step search algorithm for half-pixel motion estimation,” Proceeding of IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems(ICECS), vol. 2, pp.611-614, Dec. 2003.
    【5】Hoi-Ming Wong, Oscar C. Au, Andy Chang, “Fast sub-pixel inter-prediction - based on texture direction analysis (FSIP-BTDA)” Proceeding of IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems(ISCAS), vol. 6, pp.5477-5480, May 2005.
    【6】Yilong Liu, and Soontorn Oraintara, “Fractional-pel motion refinement based on hierarchical adjustable dual-parabola model,” Proceeding of IEEE International Symposium on Communications and Information Technology (ISCIT), vol. 2, pp.752-755, Oct. 2004.
    【7】 Cheng Du, Yun He, and Junli Zheng, “PPHPS: a parabolic prediction-based, fast half-pixel search algorithm for very low bit-rate moving-picture coding,” IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, vol. 13, pp.514-518, June 2003.
    【8】Zhibo Chen, Cheng Du, and Jinghua Wang, and Yun He, “PPFPS - a paraboloid prediction based fractional pixel search strategy for H.26L,” Proceeding of IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), vol. 3, pp. III-9- III-12, 2002.
    【9】Yu-Jen Wang, Chao-Chung Cheng, and Tian-Sheuan Chang, “A fast fractional pel motion estimation algorithm for H.264/MPEG-4 AVC,” Proceeding of IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), May 2006.
    【10】P. R. Hill, T. K. Chiew, D. R. Bull, and C. N. Canagarajah, “Interpolation Free Subpixel Accuracy Motion Estimation,” IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, vol. 16, pp.1519-1526, Dec. 2006.
    【11】I. E. G. Richardson,H.264 and MPEG-4 Video Compression,Video Coding for Next-generation Multimedia,John Wiely & Sons,2004.
    【12】Joint Video Team software JM86, August 2003.
    http://bs.hhi.de/~suehring/tml/download/
    【13】“Draft ITU-T Recommendation and Final Draft International Standard of Joint Video Specification (ITU-T Rec. H.264 | ISO/IEC 144496-10 AVC),” Joint Video Team of ISO/IEC and ITU-T, March 2003.

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