地面數位電視基頻接收器之同步電路設計｜國立中央大學博碩士論文系統

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研究生：	陳靖騰 Ching-teng Chen
論文名稱：	地面數位電視基頻接收器之同步電路設計 Design of Synchronization for DVB-T Baseband Receiver
指導教授：	薛木添 Muh-tian Shiue
口試委員:
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	資訊電機學院 - 電機工程學系 Department of Electrical Engineering
畢業學年度：	96
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	107
中文關鍵詞：	同步、載波頻率偏移、取樣頻率偏移、地面數位電視、正交分頻多工、數位電視
外文關鍵詞：	OFDM, DVB-T, Synchronization, CFO, TFO, Boundary
相關次數：	點閱：9 下載：0
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地面數位電視廣播(DVB-T)目前在台灣已成為未來數位電視的主流規格。DVB-T 乃是架構在正交分頻多工(OFDM)系統上。而同步的非理想效應對於OFDM 系統的正交性有很大的影響，失去正交性的OFDM 系統會因為符碼間的干擾(ISI)與子載波間的干擾(ICI)而遭受到破壞。因此如何快速並且準確的完成同步動作便是一個重要的議題。
在本論文中，針對不同的非理想同步效應做介紹，包含符碼邊界位移同步、載波頻率偏移同步以及取樣頻率偏移同步。並且針對處理這些效應的演算法進行比較與分析，以及使用Matlab 與C 語言建立模擬平台。在整數型的載波頻率偏移估測電路採用更為節省記憶體的架構來節省面積，並且對於取樣頻率偏移補償電路採用內插器的方式實現以完成同步電路全數位化的目的。最後將所有的同步
電路進行整合與實現。

The European terrestrial broadcasting standard DVB-T has been adopted an official digital TV speciation in Taiwan. The modulation scheme for DVB-T is orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). And the non-ideal effects of synchronization influence the orthogonality between subcarriers very much. And without orthogonality, the OFDM system will introduce Inter-Symbol Interference (ISI) and Inter-Carrier Interference (ICI), and it will be destroyed by ISI and ICI.
Therefore, how to synchronize rapidly and exactly will be the major topic in our system. In this thesis, we will discuss these different non-ideal synchronization effects, including symbol boundary offset, carrier frequency offset and sampling frequency offset. We will compare and analyze the algorithms which detect these non-ideal synchronization effects, and build up a simulation platform by Matlab and C program. In integer carrier frequency offset detection circuit, we reduce chip area by using proposed architecture. And we use interpolator in sampling frequency offset compensation for all digital synchronization circuit. Finally, we integrate and
implement all synchronization circuits.

第一章 序論..................................................................................................................1
1 數位電視廣播之發展現況.............................................................................1
2 研究動機.........................................................................................................2
3 論文結構介紹.................................................................................................2
第二章 數位電視地面廣播(DVB-T)規格標準...........................................................3
1 正交分頻多工(OFDM)調變介紹..................................................................3
1.1 OFDM 之數學模型..............................................................................4
1.2 Guard Interval and Cyclic Prefix ..........................................................5
1.3 OFDM 系統之優缺點比較..................................................................6
2 DVB-T 系統規格簡介....................................................................................6
2.1 傳輸模式2K 與8K 之比較................................................................8
2.2 Cyclic Prefix .........................................................................................9
2.3 參考訊號(reference signal)之介紹...................................................10
3 設計流程........................................................................................................11
第三章 DVB-T 系統同步架構設計..........................................................................12
1 DVB-T 同步架構簡介..................................................................................12
2 符碼邊界同步...............................................................................................13
2.1 符碼邊界位移效應............................................................................13
2.2 符碼邊界位移偵測架構....................................................................15
3 載波頻率偏移同步.......................................................................................16
3.1 載波頻率偏移效應............................................................................16
4 載波頻率偏移估測.......................................................................................18
4.1 分數型載波頻率偏移估測................................................................19
4.2 整數型載波頻率偏移估測................................................................21
4.3 載波頻率偏移追蹤............................................................................24
5 取樣時脈偏移同步.......................................................................................27
5.1 取樣時脈偏移效應............................................................................27
5.2 取樣時脈偏移估測............................................................................29
5.3 取樣時脈偏移補償............................................................................30
6 模擬結果.......................................................................................................38
6.1 符碼邊界同步.....................................................................................41
6.2 載波頻率同步....................................................................................42
6.3 取樣時脈同步....................................................................................45
6.4 星座圖模擬結果................................................................................48
第四章 DVB-T 之定點數模擬及電路實現..............................................................49
1 同步電路簡介...............................................................................................49
2 定點數模擬...................................................................................................49
3 數位座標旋轉器(CORDIC)之演算法及架構.............................................54
4 符碼邊界與分數型載波頻率偏移估測電路...............................................58
5 整數型載波頻率偏移估測電路...................................................................60
6 聯合載波頻率與取樣時脈偏移追蹤電路...................................................66
7 取樣時脈偏移補償電路...............................................................................69
第五章 硬體實作及模擬驗證結果............................................................................71
1 RTL Verilog 模擬驗證結果...........................................................................71
2 FPGA 驗證平台............................................................................................78
3 FPGA 驗證結果............................................................................................79
第六章 結論與展望....................................................................................................84
參考文獻......................................................................................................................85
附錄..............................................................................................................................88
附錄A 符碼邊界位移效應對於OFDM 系統之影響.......................................88
附錄B 載波頻率偏移效應對於OFDM 系統之影響.......................................90
附錄C 取樣時脈偏移效應對於OFDM 系統之影響.......................................94

                                

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