落錘式撓度儀(falling weight deflectometer，FWD)為目前最有效且發展較為成熟的鋪面非破壞檢測設備，藉由檢測之結果可了解鋪面結構的現況，進而推估剩餘壽命。本研究使用國道高速公路局之Dynatest 8000型FWD進行鋪面檢測，並依據試驗斷面和現地施測的結果研擬一套適用於台灣地區之FWD標準操作程序，與本土化鋪面撓度校估模式以及面層回算值溫度校估方法，以提供未來指標門檻值建立之參考，做為評估國道高速公路鋪面結構的依據。
本研究首先建立一標準試驗斷面場，當中包含國道一號、國道三號、國道六號以及排水和SMA鋪面，並以 LTPP與ASTM之FWD現地操作方法為參考，於標準試驗斷面和高速公路現地進行檢測，訂定本土化之FWD標準操作程序，之後驗証美國常用之溫度預測模式、撓度校估模式以及面層回算值溫度校估模式，其結果發現國外常用之各項模式於台灣的適用性較低，因此有必要重新發展本土化之撓度校估方法。
研究於2007/06~2008/06收集3302筆溫度梯度資料，以及2007年冬季~2008年春季兩季共727組撓度數據進行分析。依據驗証的結果，新溫度預測模式可準確的推估鋪面有效溫度，並發現瀝青處理底層不影響有效溫度的位置。且由國道高速公路現地檢測之結果可知，使用撓度盤理論配合統計方法所發展之撓度校估模式相當適用於台灣地區，面層回算值溫度校估模式更可做為鋪面結構評估之參考。因此本研究希望藉由各項研究成果，提供未來路面養護管理單位掌握鋪面結構現況，作為高速公路局路面維護管理決策之依據，與後續研究之用。

Falling weight deflectometer (FWD) is the most effective and well-developed nondestructive testing equipment and has been used to evaluate the structural capacity and calculate the remaining life of pavements. With Dynatest 8000 FWD of Taiwan Area National Freeway Bureau (MOTC), this study draws a set of field operation guideline, local pavement deflection correction model, and backcalculation procedures appliable to freeways in Taiwan based on the result of field testing.
This study constructed a standard test field, including test sections representing Freeway No. 1, No. 3, No. 6, drainage, and stone mastic asphalt (SMA) pavements. Standard FDW operation procedures were developed based local testing experiences, with reference to the LTPP and ASTM standard procedures. Then, the study evaluated several pavement temperature prediction models, and pavement deflection correction model for applicability in Taiwan’s freeway, and found it necessary to develop localized pavement deflection correction model.
This study collected 3,302 temperature gradient data during 2007/06 to 2008/06, and 727 deflection statistics from 2007/12 to 2008/3 for analysis. A new temperature prediction model is proposed to accurately predict the effective temperature of pavements. From testing results on freeway, it is found that the deflection correction model based on deflection theory and statistics is fairly applicable to Taiwan. The results of this study provide a useful meansof evaluating pavement structures and can be used in the decision-making of pavement maintenance for National Freeway Bureau.

鐘美娟(1997)，「衝擊式撓度指標評估路面強度之研究」，碩士論文，國立台灣大學土木工程研究所。
鐘偉逞(2000)，「應用衝擊式撓度儀觀測路面結構強度之研究」，碩士論文，國立中央大學土木工程研究所。
AASHTO (1993). AASHTO Guide for Design of Pavement Structures. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Washington D.C.
ASTM D4694-96 (2003), “Standard Test Method for Deflections with a Falling-Weight-Type Impulse Load Device.” ASTM Designation.
ASTM D4695 (2003), “Standard Guide for General Pavement Deflection Measurements.” ASTM Designation.
Chen, D. H., Bilyeu, J., and Lin, H. H. (2000), “Temperature Correction on Falling Weight Deflectometer Measurements.” Transportation Research Record, 1716, No. 00-1428, pp. 30-39.
Choubane, B., Gokhale, S., and Nazef, A. (2003), Assessing The Precision Of Falling Weight Deflectometers For Field Measurements. Florida Department of Transportation Report, 03-468.
Chang, D-W., Y. V. Kang, J. M. Roesset, and K. H. Stokoe II. (1992) “Effect of Depth to Bedrock on Deflection Basins Obtained with Dynaflect and Falling Weight Deflectometer Tests.”, TRR 1355.
Dynatest, (2004). “Dynatest FWD/HWD test systems,” A distinction of class and performance, Rev., 040101-10.
Garg, N., and Thomson, M. R., (1998), “Triaxial Characterization of Mn/ROAD Granular Materials.” Transportation Research Record, 1577, TRB, Washington D. C., pp. 22-36.
Huang, Y. H., (2004). Pavement Analysis and Design, 2nd ed., Prentice-Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, 415-423.
Illinois department of transportation bureau of materials and physical research, (2005). “Non-destructive testing with the falling weight deflectometer,” Pavement Technology Advisory, Rev., T1.
Kim, Y. R., and Park, H. M. (2002), “Use of Falling Weight Deflectometer Multi-Load Data for Pavement Strength Estimation.” NCDOT Report (Project HWY-00-4), North Carolina State University, Raleigh.
Kim, Y. R., Hi, B. O., and Lee, Y. C. (1995), “Temperature Correction of Deflections and Backcalculated Asphalt Concrete Moduli.” In Transportation Research Record 1473, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., pp. 55–62.
Kim, Y. R., Park, S. and Shao, L. (1996), “Statewide Calibration of Asphalt Temperature Study from 1992 and 1993.” Final Report Submitted to the North Carolina Department of Transportation, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC.
Kim, Y. R., Ranjithan, S. R., Troxler J. D., and Xu, B. (2000) “Assessing Pavement Layer Condition Using Deflection Data.” NCHRP Report 10-48, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D. C.
Lee, Y. C. (1997). “Condition Assessment of Flexible Pavements using FWD Deflections.” Ph. D. Dissertation, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC.
Liu, W., and Scullion, T. (2001), Modulus 6.0 For Windows: User’s Manual. Report FHWA/TX-05/0-1869-2
LTPP, (2001). Falling Weight Deflectometer Relative Calibration Analysis FWDCAL Version 3.0. FHWA-HRDI-13.
LTPP, (2000). LTPP Manual for Falling Weight Deflectometer Measurements Pperational Field Guideline. FHWA-HRDI-13.
Lukanen, E. O., Stubstad, R. N., and Briggs, R. (2000), Temperature
Predictions and Adjustment Factors for Asphalt Pavement. Report
FHWA-RD-98-085.
Lee, Y. C., Y. R. Kim, and S. R. Ranjithan. (1998) “A dynamoic analysis-based approach to determine flexible pavement layer moduli using deflection basin parameters.” TRB.
Marshall, C., Meier, R., and Welch. M. (2001), “Seasonal Temperature Effects on Flexible Pavements in Tennessee.” Transportation Research Record, 1764, No. 01-3010, pp. 89-96.
McCarthy, D. F., (2002). Essentials of Soil Mechanics and Foundations , 6th ed., Prentice-Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.
Park, D. Y., Buch, N., and Chatti, K. (2001), “Effective Layer Temperature Prediction Model and Temperature Correction via Falling Weight Deflectometer Deflections.” Transportation Research Record, 1764, No. 01-0121, pp. 97-111.
Park, H. M., Kim, Y. R., and Park, S. (2002), “Temperature Correction of Multiload-Level Falling Weight Deflectometer Deflections.” Transportation Research Record, 1806, No. 02-2458, pp. 3-8.
Park, H. M., and Kim, Y. R. (2003) “Prediction of remaining life of asphalt pavement using fwd multiload level deflections.”, TRB.
Schmalzer, P. N., (2006). LTPP Manual for falling weight deflectometer Measurements. FHWA-HRT-06-132.
Sebaaly, B. E., M. S. Mamlouk, and T. G. Davies. (1986) “Dynamic Analysis of Falling Weight Deflectometer Data”, TRR 1070.
Thompson, M. R. (1989), “Area Under the Pavement Profile to Predict Strain.” Informal Presentation at FWD Users Group Annual Meeting, Indianapolis, IN.
Von Quintus, H. L., and Simpson, A. L. (2002), “Back-Calculation of Layer Parameters for LTPP Test Sections, Volume II: Layered Elastic Analysis for Flexible and Rigid Pavements.” Report FHWA-RD-01-113.
Wimsatt, A. J. (1999) “Direction analysis methods for falling weight deflectometer deflection data.” TRR 1655.
Xu, B., Ranjithan, S. R., and Kim, Y. R. (2002), “New Condition Assessment Procedure for Asphalt Pavement Layers, Using Falling Weight
Deflectometer Deflections.” Transportation Research Record, 1806, No. 02-3745, pp. 57-69.
Xu, B., Ranjithan, S. R., and Kim, Y. R. (2002), “New Relationships Between Falling Weight Deflectometer Deflections and Asphalt Pavement Layer Condition Indicators.” Transportation Research Record, 1806, No. 02-3729, pp. 48-56.
Zhang, Z., Claros, G., and Manuel, L. (2003), “Development of Structural Condition Index to Support Pavement Maintenance and Rehabilitation Decisions at Network Level.” Transportation Research Record, 1827, No. 03-4278, pp. 10-17.