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研究生： 謝皓智
Hao-chih Hsieh
論文名稱： 以金氏碼實現音訊浮水印加密技術
Implementation of Digital Audio Watermark Algorithm Using Gold Code
指導教授： 鍾鴻源
Hung-Yuan Chung
口試委員:
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 資訊電機學院 - 電機工程學系
Department of Electrical Engineering
畢業學年度： 97
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 72
中文關鍵詞： 音訊浮水印 、金氏碼
外文關鍵詞： digital audio watermark, Gold Code
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    • 數位多媒體資料著作權保護的重要性，隨著電腦的普及和電子資料交換便利性提升而與日俱增，而浮水印加密就是為了保護數位多媒體資料著作權而產生的技術。PN-Code是實現音訊浮水印加密的基礎，PN-Code具有極佳的對抗干擾特性和非常好的自相關性質，且碼技術實現容易，但其交互相關函數無法滿足展頻調變之條件，因此比較難以適用於多使用者的系統之中，所以本研究採用具有較低互相關特性的金氏碼 (Gold Code) 來產生音訊浮水印辨識碼。在本文中選擇金氏碼來取代PN-Code做為音訊浮水印的辨識碼，使音訊浮水印能夠實現多人存取的應用。其它的展頻編碼方法比較，實驗中發現金氏碼在某些配對上可能會造成浮水印解出成浮水印解出錯誤率的上升，未來研究也許可運用渦輪碼 (turbo code)，或是其他錯誤校正技術來改善此缺點，以期達到更佳的效果。

    Due to the rapid growth of computer users and the convenience of digital data exchange, the importance of digital audio watermark has been increasing . The digital audio watermark is a technique used for intellectual property rights protection. PN-Code (pseudo-noise code) is a base for generating digital audio watermark. There are some advantages of PN-Code, such as robustness, high self-correlation and easy implementation, but it is difficult to be applied in the multiple-access communication system. The reason is that cross-correlation function of PN code is not satisfied with the requirement of spread spectrum. Therefore, Gold Code is applied to generate watermarking instead of PN-Code. According to the lower correlation of Gold Code, it can be used in the multiple-access communication system.In this study, it is also found that error rate of applying Gold Code in watermark extraction is higher than that of other methods while Gold Code in some case. This disadvantage could be overcome by some other error-correction methods in the future work.

    目錄 ............................................................................................................. I 表目錄 ....................................................................................................... III 圖目錄 ...................................................................................................... IV 圖目錄 ...................................................................................................... IV 第一章 緒論 ........................................................................................... 1 1.1 前言 ............................................................................................... 1 1.2 文獻回顧 ....................................................................................... 1 1.5 論文架構 ....................................................................................... 7 第二章 音訊浮水印嵌入解出技術與認證 .............................................. 8 2.1音訊浮水印嵌入及解出之基本概念 ........................................... 8 2.2展頻變調技術及其優點 ............................................................. 10 2.3 音訊浮水印的嵌入機制 ............................................................ 13 2.4 音訊浮水印的解出機制 ............................................................ 19 2.5 數位著作權管理（DRM） ...................................................... 21 第三章 音訊浮水印編碼方式 ................................................................ 26 3.1 PN code 性質及產生方式 ....................................................... 26 3.1.1 隨機性質 ........................................................................... 27 3.1.2 移位暫存器 ....................................................................... 28 3.1.3 PN自相關係數............................................................... 30 3.2 金氏碼的產生方式..................................................................... 33 3.2.1 m序列 ................................................................................ 33 3.2.2 金氏碼的產生機制 ......................................................... 37 3.2.3 金氏碼的性質及優點 ..................................................... 39 第四章 實驗結果與討論 ........................................................................ 42 4.1金氏碼產生音訊浮水印的解出錯誤率 ..................................... 46 4.2 隨機亂碼、PN code、金氏碼的自相關係數比較 ................... 50 4.3 隨機亂碼、PN code、金氏碼的互相關係數比較 ................... 52 第五章 結論及未來研究方向 ................................................................ 55 參考文獻 ................................................................................................... 58

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