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研究生: 葉鈞喬
Chin-Chau Yeh
論文名稱: 風場時空變化對全球大氣-海洋二氧化碳通量計算影響之研究
An assessment of the effects of windfor temporal and spatial variability on the calculation of global atmosphere-ocean CO2 flux
指導教授: 蔡武廷
Wu-Ting Tsai
口試委員:
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 地球科學學院 - 水文與海洋科學研究所
Graduate Instittue of Hydrological and Oceanic Sciences
畢業學年度: 93
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 128
中文關鍵詞: 海氣交互作用二氧化碳通量全球海洋風場
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  • 風場為影響計算大氣-海洋介面二氧化碳通量的重要環境參數,由於不同的風場資料特性以及所使用的風場取樣間期,會造成計算大氣-海洋介面二氧化碳通量的誤差。因此本研究以風場時空變化為主軸,自大氣資料庫獲取八個全球海洋風場資料,使用八種全球海洋月平均風場計算二氧化碳通量,比較風場間的時空差異對於計算全球大氣-海洋二氧化碳通量的影響,並分析在同一種風場中使用長期風場與短期風場計算全球大氣-海洋二氧化碳通量的影響。本研究採用Wanninkhof(1992)的二次風速多項式二氧化碳氣體傳輸速度函式、Wanninkhof與McGillis(1999)的三次風速多項式二氧化碳氣體傳輸速度函式,以及適用於各緯度區域的長期三次風速多項式二氧化碳氣體傳輸速度函式,計算全球大氣-海洋二氧化碳通量。從計算結果我們得知不同風場間的空間分布特性對於影響通量計算的情形較為重要;使用長期風場計算通量的結果會高於使用短期風場的結果,若使用適用於各緯度區域的修正函式,則可降低長期與短期計算結果之間的差異。


    摘要...i 誌謝...ii 目錄...iii 圖目錄...vii 表目錄...xviii 1 前言...1 1.1 研究背景簡介...1 1.2 研究目的及論文架構...5 2 全球海洋風場資料之整理與分析...7 2.1 現有全球海洋風場之類型...7 2.2 風場資料的介紹與整理...13 2.2.1 QSCAT-PO.DAAC 衛星遙感探測資料...13 2.2.2 QSCAT-RSS 衛星遙感探測資料...14 2.2.3 SSM/I-RSS 衛星遙感探測資料...14 2.2.4 NRA再分析資料...15 2.2.5 ECMWF再分析資料...16 2.2.6 QSCAT/NCEP合成資料...16 2.2.7 QSCAT-SF合成資料...17 2.2.8 QSCAT-COAPS合成資料...17 2.2.9 其他風場資料...18 2.3 全球海洋風場資料的時間變異特性...20 2.3.1 全球月平均及年平均風速的比較...20 2.3.2 全球月平均風速機率密度函數與累計密度函數的比較...21 2.4 全球海洋風場資料的空間特性...24 2.5 風場資料分析的結果整理與討論...28 3 全球海洋風場時空變化對計算大氣-海洋二氧化碳氣體交換係數K與二氧化碳氣體傳輸速度k的影響...47 3.1 交換係數的環境參數對於計算二氧化碳氣體交換係數k的影響...48 3.1.1 二氧化碳氣體傳輸速度k與海表面高空10公尺風速U10之關係...48 3.1.2 史密特數Sc與溫度之關係...50 3.1.3 二氧化碳氣體溶解度s與溫度、鹽度之關係...51 3.1.4 風速U10、海表面溫度SST、海表面鹽度S對於計算二氧化碳氣體交換係數K的影響...51 3.2 使用不同全球海洋月平均風場對於計算全球二氧化碳氣體交換係數K所造成的差異...54 3.3 使用長期風場與短期風場對於計算全球二氧化碳氣體傳輸速度k所造成的差異...58 3.3.1 以增強因子R討論長期與短期二氧化碳氣體傳輸速度函式在全球區域的適用性...58 3.3.2 推算區域性的長期二氧化碳氣體傳輸速度函式...62 3.3.3 使用長期風場與短期風場對於計算全球二氧化碳氣體傳輸速度k所造成的差異...63 3.4 從風場時空變化分析計算全球大氣-海洋介面二氧化碳氣體交換係數K與二氧化碳氣體傳輸速度k的結果整理與討論...68 4 全球海洋風場時空變化對計算大氣-海洋二氧化碳通量的影響...88 4.1 二氧化碳通量的計算方式與海洋-大氣二氧化碳的分壓差資料說明...88 4.2 使用不同全球海洋風場對於計算大氣-海洋二氧化碳通量所造成的差異...91 4.3 使用長期風場與短期風場對於計算全球大氣-海洋二氧化碳通量的影響...95 4.4 從風場時空變化分析計算全球大氣-海洋介面二氧化碳通量的結果整理與討論...99 5 討論與結論...109 參考文獻...112 A 公式推導...118 A.1 雷利機率函數的推導過程...118 A.2 Wanninkhof(1992)二次風速多項式二氧化碳氣體傳輸速度函式推導過程...120 A.3 Wanninkhof and McGillis(1999)三次風速多項式二氧化碳氣體傳輸速度函式推導過程...122 A.4 增強因子R與風速u關係之推導過程...125 A.5 長期三次風速多項式二氧化碳氣體傳輸速度修正函式之推導...127

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