H.264降解析度轉換編碼中模式決策與移動再估測之研究

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研究生：	林加典 Chia-Tien Lin
論文名稱：	H.264降解析度轉換編碼中模式決策與移動再估測之研究 Mode Decision and Motion Re-estimation for H.264/AVC Video Downscaling Transcoding
指導教授：	林銀議 Yinyi Lin
口試委員:
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	資訊電機學院 - 通訊工程學系 Department of Communication Engineering
畢業學年度：	98
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	104
中文關鍵詞：	零區塊決策、離散餘弦轉換、模式決策、移動估測、預測移動向量、H.264/AVC 、視訊轉換編碼、降解析度
外文關鍵詞：	zero-block decision, predictive motion vector, discrete cosine transform, video transcoding, H.264/AVC, downsizing(downscaling), motion estimation, mode decision
相關次數：	點閱：21 下載：0
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由於目前使用者網路頻寬不同的限制，要將廣播視訊傳送到不同解析度的用戶端設備是一項重要議題，而降解析度轉換編碼是一種將已編碼視訊串流的位元率或畫面大小經過轉換編碼後更能適應傳輸網路的限制與不同設備之解析度的技術，並可以有效提供這方面的應用。由於H.264中加入很多了高複雜度的預測和壓縮技術，使其可以提供比以往的視訊壓縮標準更佳的壓縮效能，但同時也因此讓H.264編碼端複雜度過高，所以將H.264的視訊串流解碼後再進完整編碼（被稱為複雜型串接式像素域轉換編碼）是相當耗時的，若要將之運用於即時之轉換編碼系統是有難度的。由於直接利用原始解碼端之預測資訊進行再編碼，雖然能使轉換在編碼時間大幅下降，但其編碼效能並不好。在本篇論文，即是針對H.264轉換編碼架構中，探討如何在降低解析度之應用下以最快的速度進行轉換編碼，所以我們提出了降解析度轉換編碼中快速區塊模式決策與移動再估測演算法，能在維持一定的畫面品質效能下，有效的加速轉換編碼時間。

Through the network limitation of client devices, it is a challenging matter to transmit broadcasting videos to different resolutions terminal devices. Down-scaling video transcoding is a technique for adapting the bit rate or frame size of the encoded video to suit better the constraints of transmission network and target devices, then it can offer effient solutions for this type of application. H.264 supports many advanced compression techniques that can achieve better coding performance than the previous standards. However, the compression techniques require high computational complexity, so if we fully decoding and re-encoding the video bitstream in H.264 process, referred to as complex cascaded pixel domain transcoding (CCPDT), is quite involved and time consuming, which would be difficult to achieve real time implementation.
Because of direct reusing information existing in the original incoming video stream can reduces computational complexity, but the coding efficiency is not good. In this thesis, we will explore how to perform H.264 downscaling transcoding as fast as possible, so we propose fast mode decision and motion re-estimation algorithms for downscaling transcoding. The experimental results show that our propose transcoding algorithms can maintain the coding performance and speed up transcoding process simultaneously.

第一章 緒論
1 視訊壓縮標準簡介...1
2 動機與目的...2
3 論文架構...4
第二章 H.264視訊轉換編碼之介紹及相關演算法之文獻探討
1 H.264視訊編碼系統簡介...6
1.1 畫面內(Intra)預測模式...7
1.2 畫面間(Inter)預測模式...9
A. 可變區塊大小的移動估測...13
B. 多幅參考畫面(multi-reference frame)的移動估測...13
C. 非整數點移動估測(fractional motion estimation)...14
2 視訊轉換編碼(video transcoding)系統介紹...15
3 降解析度方法與視訊樣本特性說明...18
4 畫面間快速預測演算法相關文獻探討...21
4.1 模式決策演算法相關文獻回顧...22
4.2 移動再估測演算法相關文獻回顧...26
第三章 降解析度轉換編碼中區塊模式決策演算法之研究
1 畫面間預測轉換編碼資訊擷取與架構...29
2 基於原始巨區塊特性及預測機率統計分析的區塊模式決策...37
2.1 基於原始巨區塊特性之預測機率統計與分析...38
2.2 基於原始巨區塊模式與相對應預測區塊模式之統計分...45
3 基於8×8零區塊分佈下之區塊模式決策...48
3.1 8×8零區塊...48
3.2 基於8×8零區塊個數下的統計與分析...50
4 快速區塊模式決策演算法...58
5 綜合效能分析與比較...60
6 結論...65
第四章 降解析度轉換編碼中移動再估測演算法之研究
1 研究動機...66
2 基於不同合成方法之預測移動向量探討...71
2.1 三種不同合成方法之預測移動向量...73
A. 趨向平均權重之預測移動向量(align-to-average weighting, AAW)...77
B. 趨向最佳權重之預測移動向量(align-to-best weighting, ABW)...78
C. 趨向最差權重之預測移動向量(align-to-worst weighting, AWW)...80
2.2 基於不同預測向量下的機率統計分析...81
2.3 效能分析與探討...83
3 區域式移動再估測搜尋法...86
3.1 強化區域式搜尋法(Enhanced predictive zonal search, EPZS)...86
3.2 兩階段進階強化區域式搜尋法 (Two step enhanced predictive zonal search, TSEPZS)...87
3.3 效能分析與探討...89
4 綜合效能分析與比較...92
5 結論...97
第五章 結論和未來展望...98
參考文獻...100

                                

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