跳到主要內容

簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 劉振釗
Chan-Chio Lao
論文名稱: 一對一數位教室中的主題句學習
Learning Topic Sentences in One-to-One Digital Classroom
指導教授: 陳德懷
Tak-Wai Chan
柯華葳
Hwa-Wei Ko
辜玉旻
Yu-Min Ku
口試委員:
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 資訊電機學院 - 網路學習科技研究所
Graduate Institute of Network Learning Technology
畢業學年度: 97
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 130
中文關鍵詞: 合作學習個人學習知識建構知識衝突國語文學習同儕學習無縫式電腦支援合作學習
外文關鍵詞: individual learning, peer learning, peer discussion, chinese learning, conflicts, mcsl
相關次數: 點閱:18下載:0
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • 本研究是針對小學國語文學習提出一個電腦支援學習的模式,當傳統老師的角色轉換成一個規劃者,學生不再是一個被動的學習者,反而需要主動去學習。老師會變成一個協調角色,而學生將會變成主角。在無縫式電腦支援合作學習(MCSCL)的基礎下,這個研究包括一個加強國小學生找段落主旨能力的學習模式設計,透過同儕各自相互討論,學生能夠把他們的國語文段落大意能力進一步提升。在進行這個學習模式的前後,國小四年級學生會進行前測與後測評量這個學習方法的效果。因此,這個研究是去針對這個學習模式提出確切設計方法,以及實驗環境的建置,當中遇到的問題,實際發生的狀況也會一併描述,在此研究後半部分會進行資料分析,及進行討論與探討。


    This study was to describe a computer supported model and an initial pilot study on Chinese learning. While the traditional role of a teacher, he/she is being changed into an organizer; students will not be a passive listener, but an active learner. Teacher plays a role of coordinator, while the students are the main actors. From the basis of MCSCL, this study was designed to enhance elementary student''s skill on finding topic sentences. During the peer discussion among the students, those grade 4 students would take a pre-test and a post-test to examine the result for this experiment. Hence, this study was to describe the design and the setting of experiment, the facts that the researchers found, and the conditions in this experiment will be discussed and analyzed.

    Table of contents i Table of Contents (Tables) iv Table of Contents (Figures) vi Section 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Background 1 1.2 History 7 1.3 Research Questions 13 1.4 Research Limits 15 Section 2 Literature Review 17 2.1 Different Levels on Reading 17 2.2 Constructivism and Social Development Theory 18 2.3 Computer Supported Collaborative learning 24 2.4 Learning by Peer Discussion 31 2.5 Negotiating Strategies 33 2.6 Knowledge Conflicts 35 2.7 Reviews on the Definition of Topic Sentences 36 Section 3 The Model by Topic Sentence 38 3.1 Model 38 3.2 Tuning of Model 43 3.3 Connection between the System and the Teacher 45 Section 4 System Design 47 4.1 Overview and the Student Framework 47 4.2 Structure of the Focused Reading Block 48 4.3 Implementations 55 4.4 Technical Problem Solving 56 4.5 Tuning for Application 57 Section 5 Experimental Design 59 5.1 Classroom Settings and Preparations 59 5.2 System Environment 67 5.3 Assessment 67 5.4 Progress 69 Section 6 Result and Analysis 73 6.1 Encountered Problems 73 6.2 Results on Skills of Understanding (Accuracy) 76 6.3 Results on Skills of Understanding (Efficiency) 80 6.4 Results on Skills of Understanding (Negotiation) 82 6.5 Results on Student’s Attitude (Motivation) 88 6.6 Results on Student’s Attitude (Classroom Management) 91 6.7 Results on Student’s Attitude (Computer Synchronization) 92 6.8 Results on Individual Topic Sentence Scaffolding 93 6.9 Results on the Statistics Affecting the Learning Activity 94 6.10 Review 97 Section 7 Discussion and Future Work 99 7.1 Discussion and Unsolved Problems 99 7.2 Weakness 100 7.3 Future Work 100 References 102 Appendix 1 Field Record of Researchers 112 Appendix 2 Sheet of Interviewing Elementary School Children 118 Appendix 3 Content Examples and Pre-Set Topic Sentences 120 Appendix 4 Pre-test on the Skill of Topic Sentences Selection 125 Appendix 5 Post-test on the Skill of Topic Sentences Selection 128

    Adler, M. (1940). How to Read a Book. NY: Touchstone.
    Alexopoulou, E. & Driver, R. (1996). Small-Group Discussion in Physics: Peer Interaction Modes in Pairs and Fours. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 33(10), 1099-1114.
    Anderson, T., Rourke, L., Garrison, D. R. Archer, W. (2001). Assessing Teaching Presence in a computer Conferencing Context. JALN, 5(2), 1-17
    Awerbuch, B, Kleinberg R. (2007). Competitive Collaborative Learning. Journal of Computer and System Sciences, 74(8), 1271-1288.
    Baker, M.J. & Lund, K. (1997) Promoting reflective interactions in a computer-supported collaborative learning environment. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 13, 175-193.
    Barr, R. B. and Tagg, J. (1995). From Teaching to Learning: A New Paradigm for Undergraduate Education. Learning from Change, 198-205.
    Becker, H.J. (2000). How exemplary computer-using teachers differ from other teachers: Implications for realizing the potential of computers in schools. Contemporary Issues in Technology and Teacher Education [Online serial], 1(2). (Originally published in Journal of Research on Computing in Education, 26 (3), 291-321.)
    Berlyne, D. E. (1978). Curiosity and Learning. Motivation and Emotion, 2(2), 97-175.
    Bertcher, H. (1981). Techniques instruction: A teacherless approach. The Journal for Specialists in Group Work, 6(3), 148-154.
    Binet, A. (1916). The Development of Intelligence in Children:(the Binet-Simon Scale). Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins.
    Chan, T.-W., & Baskin, A. B. (1990). Learning Companion Systems. In C. Frasson & G. Gauthier (Eds.), Intelligent tutoring systems (pp. 6-33). New Jersey: Ablex.
    Chan, D. W. (1998). Stress, Coping Strategies, and Psychological Distress Among Secondary School Teachers in Hong Kong. American Educational Research, 35(1), 145-163.
    Chen, M. Y. (1995). 當前教育問題與對策. 台北: 國立教育資料館.
    Collins, B. (1970). Social psychology. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
    Crouch, C. & Mazur, E. (2007). Peer Instruction: engaging Students One-to-One, All At Once. Research-Based Reform of University Physics, 1(1).
    Day, V. C. (2005). The Possibility of Transforming Preschool Teachers’ Professional Identity in Taiwan: A Perspective from Deep Structure. Journal of National University of Tainan, 39(2), 19-42.
    Dececco, J., & Richards, A. (1974). Growing pains: Uses of school conflict. New York: Aberdeen Press.
    Deng, Y. C. et al. (2005). DCE: A One-on-One Digital Classroom Environment. Proceedings of 12th Artificial Intelligence in Education (pp. 786-788).
    Diggelen, W. V., & Overdijk, M. (2007). Small-group Face-to-Face Discussions in the Classroom: A New Direction of CSCL Research. CSCL, (pp. 726-735).
    Dillenbourg, P., Baker, M., Blaye, A., O’Malley, C. (1996). The evolution of research on collaborative learning. In E. Spada & P. Reiman (Eds) Learning in Humans and Machine: Towards an interdisciplinary learning science. (Pp. 189-211). Oxford: Elsevier.
    Dillenbourg, P. (1999a). Collaborative Learning: Cognitive and Computational Approaches. NY: Elsevier Science, Inc.
    Dillenbourg P. (1999b). What do yuo mean by collaborative leraning?. In P. Dillenbourg (Ed) Collaborative-learning: Cognitive and Computational Approaches. (pp.1-19). Oxford: Elsevier.
    Easterbrook, S.M., Beck, E.E., Goodlet, J.S., Plowman, L., Sharples, M. and Wood, C.C. (1992). A Survey of Empirical Studies of Conflict. In Easterbrook, S. (ed.):(1992) in CSCW: Cooperation or Conflict?, Computer-Supported Cooperative Work series, Diaper, D. and Sanger, C. (eds.) Springer-Verlag, (1992) 1-68.
    Fischer, F., Bruhn, J., Grasel, C. and Mandl, H. (2002). Fostering collaborative knowledge construction with visualization tools. Learning and Instruction, 12(2), 213-232.
    Furnkranz, J. (1999). Separate-and-Conquer Rule Learning. Artificial Intelligence Review, 13(1), 3-54.
    Furth, H. G. (1981). Piaget and knowledge: Theoretical foundations (2nd. ed). Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
    Guo, M. D. (1998). Relationship of Teacher Self-Efficacy, Classroom Management Strategy and Classroom Management Effectiveness in Elementary School. Taiwan: National Kaohsiung Normal University.
    He, Kekang (2006). 迎接教育信息化发展新阶段的挑战. 中国电化教育, 8(5).
    Hermann, M. G., & Kogan, N. (1977 ). Effects of negotiators'' personalities on negotiating behavior. In D. Druckman (Ed.), Negotiations: Social-psychological perspectives (pp. 247-274). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
    Ho, Chun-ching (2004). The Discrepancies Between Ideal and Reality: Interview Study of the Elementary School Teachers’ Perceived Curriculum for Nine-Year Integrated Curriculum. Journal of National Taipei Teachers College, 17(1), 79-110.
    Hui, K. P. Eadaoin & Chan, D. W. (1996). Teacher stress and guidance work in Hong Kong secondary school teachers. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 24(2), 199-211.
    Hung, Jo-lieh (2003). Types of and Effects on Teacher Use of Textbook Materials. 國教學報, 15, 175-192.
    Hsu, S. H., Chou, C. Y., Chen, F. C., Wang, Y. K., Chan, T. W. (2007). An investigation of the differences between robot and virtual learning companions'' influences on students'' engagement. DIGITEL 2007, 41-48
    Jackendoff, R. (1992). Languages of the mind. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
    James, W. (1890). The Principles of Psychology. New York: Holt.
    Johnson, F. (1982). Joining together: Group theory and group D. W., & JOHNSON, skills (2nd ed.). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
    Johnson, D. W., Johnson, R. T. (1999). Learning together and alone: Cooperative , competitive, and individualistic learning (5th ed.), Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
    Johnson, G. (2006). Internet Use and Cognitive Development: a theoretical framework. E-Learning, 3(4), 565-573.
    Juel, C. (1988). Learning to Read and Write: A Longitudinal Study of 54 Children From First Through Fourth Grades. Journal of Educational Psychology, 80(4), 437-447.
    Koffka, K. (1955). Principles of Gestalt psychology. New York: Harcourt, Brace.
    Kuo, S. Y. (1989). The Relationship between Teacher Stress and Teacher Burnout. Bulletin of Educational Psychology, 22, 131-146.
    Lamm, H. & Kogan, N. (1970). Risk Taking in the Context of Inter-group Negotiation. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 6, 351-363.
    Langan, J. (2002). Ten Steps to Improving College Reading Skills (4th ed.). NY: Townsend Press.
    Lao, C. C., Hsu, S. H., Chuang, C. L., Hsieh, C. H. (2008). Student Conflicts in a Jigsaw-type Technology Classroom for Collaborative Knowledge Construction. The proceedings of 16th International Conference on Computers in Education (pp. 303-308)
    Lee, K. C. (2003). 能力指標解讀轉化的理念. 九年一貫課程理論基礎叢書(二): 理念篇(pp. 78-103). 台北: 教育部.
    Lewicki, R. J., Litterer, J. A. (1985). Negotiation. Homewood, IL: Irwin.
    Liang, D. S. (2009). 九十八年度台灣寬頻網路使用調查報告. 台灣: TWNIC.
    Lin, G. Y. (2002). 國中國文賞析教學研究. 台灣: 彰化師範大學.
    Mazur, E. (1997). Peer Instruction: A User’s Manual. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Additional information and resources for PI can be found at http://galileo.harvard.edu.
    Moore, M. (1993). Three types of interaction. In K. Harry, M. John, & D. Keegan (Eds.), Distance education: new perspectives. London: Routledge.
    MOE (2003). 語文(國語文)學習領域研習手冊暨教學示例. 九年一貫國語領域課程綱要(pp. 1-48). 台北: 教育部.
    Mullis, IVS, Martin, MO, Kennedy, AM, & Foy, P. (2007). PIRLS 2006 international report: IEA’s progress in international reading literacy study in primary schools in 40 countries. Chestnut Hill, MA: Boston College.
    National Institute for Compilation and Translation, (2009). 九年一貫國民中小學課程綱要. Retrieved July 5, 2009, from http://trc.nict.gov.tw/gs/cframe.htm
    Neale, M. and Bazerman, M. (1990). Cognition and Rationality in Negotiation. New York: The Free Press.
    O’Donnell, A. M., King, A. (1999). Cognitive perspectives on peer learning. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
    Palmer, P. J. (2000). The Courage to Teach: Exploring the Inner Landscape of a Teacher''s Life. American Journal of Physics, 68(1), 93-95
    Piaget, J. (1980). Adaptation and intelligence: Organic selection and phenocopy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
    Piaget, J. (1985). The equilibrium of cognitive structures: The central problem of intellectual development. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
    Ploetzner, R., Dillenbourg, P., Preier, M., and Traum, D. (1999). Learning by Explaining to Oneself and to Others. Dillenbourg, P. (Ed). Collaborative Learning: Cognitive and Computational Approaches. Elsevier Science Ltd, Oxford, UK, 103-121.
    Roschelle, J., & Teasley, S. (1995). The construction of shared knowledge in collaborative problem solving. In C. O’ Malley (Ed.), CSCL (pp. 69-197). Berlin, Germany: Springer Verlag.
    Rubin, J. Z., Brown, B. (1975). The Social Psychology of Bargaining and Negotiations. New York: Academic
    Sandholtz, J. H. (1997). Teaching with Technology: Creating Student-Centered Classrooms. New York: Teachers College Press.
    Scardamalia, M. and Bereiter, C. (1994). Computer Support for Knowledge-Building Communities. The Journal of Learning Sciences, 3(3), 265-283.
    Schacter, J. and Fagnano, C. (1999). Does Computer technology Improve Student Learning and Achievement? How, When, and Under What Conditions?. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 20(4), 329-343.
    Sharples, M. (2000). The design of personal mobile technologies for lifelong learning. Computers & Education, 34(3), 177-193.
    Sparks D. B. (1982). The Dynamics of Effective Negotiation, Houston, TX: Gulf Publishing Co.
    Stahl, G., Koschmann, T., & Suthers, D. (2006). Computer-supported collaborative learning: An historical perspective. In R. K. Sawyer (Ed.), Cambridge handbook of the learning sciences. (pp. 409-426). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
    Tedesco, P. and Self, J.A. (1998). Towards a computational model of meta-cognitive conflicts: a preliminary investigation. Technical Report 98/28, Computer Based Learning Unit, University of Leeds.
    Tedesco, P. and Self, J. A. (2000). "Using Meta-Cognitive Conflicts to Support Group Problem-Solving". In Gauthier, G., Frasson, C., and VanLehn, K. (eds.) Proceedings of ITS''2000, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 1839, Springer Verlag, 232-241.
    Thorndike, E. L. (1911). Animal intelligence: experimental studies, Macmillan, New York.
    Thorndike, E. L., Bregman, E. O., Tilton, J. W., and Woodyard, E. (1928). Adult Learning. New York: Macmillan.
    Tyre, M. J. and Hippel, E. V. (1997). The Situated Nature of Adaptive Learning in Organizations. Organization Science, 8(1), 71-83
    Verloop, N., Driel, J. V. and Meijer P. (2001). Teacher knowledge and the knowledge base of teaching. International Journal of Educational Research, 35(5), 441-461.
    Vygotsky, L. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    Vygotsky, L. (1981). The genesis of higher mental functioning. In Wertsch, J. (Ed.), The concept of activity in soviet psychology (pp. 144-188). Armonk, NY: Sharpe.
    Vygotsky, L. (1987). Thinking and speech. In Rieber, R. W. & Carton, A. S. (Eds.), The collected works of L. S. Vygotsky, 1, (pp. 39-385), NY: Plenum.
    Vygotsky, L. (1994). The problem of the cultural development of the child. In Veer, R. & Valsiner, J. (Eds.), The Vygotsky reader (pp. 57-72). Cambridge, MA: Basil Blackwell.
    Wegner, S. B. et al. (1999). The Effects of Internet-Based Instruction on Student Learning. JALN, 3(2), 98-106.
    Wiktionary, (2009). http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:Main_Page
    Woodworth, R. S. & SCHLOSBERG, H. (1954). Experimental psycholog (2nd ed.). New York: Holt.
    Woodworth, R. S. (1958). Dynamics of behavior. New York: Henry Holt.
    Zamel, V. (1992). Writing One''s Way into Reading. TESOL Quarterly, 26(3), 463-485.
    Zurita, G., Nussbaum, M. (2004). Computer supported collaborative learning using wirelessly interconnected handheld computers. Computers & Education, 42, 289-314.

    QR CODE
    :::