混凝土結構物(版)裂縫探討 -以集合住宅為例｜國立中央大學博碩士論文系統

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研究生：	吳晉榮 Chin-Jumg Wu
論文名稱：	混凝土結構物(版)裂縫探討 -以集合住宅為例 Discussion on Cracks in Concrete Structures (Plates) - Take congregate housing as an example
指導教授：	林志棟 Zhi-Dong Lin
口試委員:
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 土木工程學系在職專班 Executive Master of Civil Engineering
論文出版年：	2023
畢業學年度：	111
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	133
中文關鍵詞：	混凝土裂縫、混凝土劣化、集合住宅、混凝土修復補強
外文關鍵詞：	Management of Contract Performance, Structure Accreditation Building
相關次數：	點閱：8 下載：0
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查詢本校圖書館目錄查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統勘誤回報

台灣政府為保障民眾居住權益、落實居住正義，強化推動只租不售之社
會住宅並積極興建社會住宅工程(集合住宅)，此類集合住宅常為鋼筋混凝土
建物，而鋼筋混凝土材料易因施工方式、材料化學作用及環境因素產生劣化，
導致建物使用性與安全性不佳，其中混凝土裂縫為最常見亦是最難避免之
劣化現象。
本研究為提升社會住宅工程之工程品質，以桃園市政府中壢一號基地
新建公營住宅統包工程為例，參考其統包團隊於施工中，發現地下室1樓樓
版於澆置後產生大量混凝土裂縫之因應對策，並依據美國混凝土規範
ACI224-90，訂定混凝土建物修補準則：若混凝土裂縫寬度≧0.41mm，則應
採用適當混凝土修復補強方式，維持其安全性。
案例中，本研究邀請數位專業技師評估後，發現因樓板裂縫產生主因係
混凝土水泥用量大，致使水化熱作用明顯，經調整混凝土配比及強化混凝土
養護，同區一樓樓版混凝土裂縫減少50%，另既有裂縫依訂定修補準則採用
環氧樹酯灌注修補方法修復版裂縫，結構安全亦無虞。
由此案可知混凝土結構物產生裂縫實屬難以避免，惟混凝土裂縫亦常
發生時，建議可參考本研究請專業技師評估其成因研擬對策，減少後續裂縫
之發生，以增加建物生命週期及降低維護補強之成本。

Taoyuan City is the facade, which is closely related to the international image
of Taiwan. Since it was upgraded to a municipality directly under the central
government, it has officially entered the stage of transformation and upgrading.
Public construction are the foundation of urban construction and a symbol of
urban progress; Therefore, improving the quality of public construction with
policies, to construct a standardized project management system and strengthen
the warning mechanism of the internal SOP control. Recognized by the gold
quality award certified by the government to promote healthy competition among
contractors and improve the quality of the engineering team.
Public construction aims to maintain production conditions, improve the
level of infrastructure services and people's lives, and provides a high-quality
environment for industrial development. The National Development Council put
forward the concept of national development plan, which is to promote the
effective use of the country's overall resources and continuously promote the
national construction plan. In order to prevent or reduce the occurrence of disputes
over the performance of project procurement contracts. The contracts are
formulated using the latest " Model Contract for Procurement 109.03.23"
formulated by the Public Construction Committee, Executive Yuan. The contract
also establishes the understanding and implementation principles that engineers
should have at the same time, and enhances the understanding of professional
ethics of engineers, so that they can spontaneously abide by the code of conduct
stipulated by the project, fulfill their social responsibilities, and strive to improve
the quality of public construction.
iii
This research uses the "Discussion on Contract Performance Management of
Public Construction Contractors " and takes the ready-mixed concrete plant as an
example to explore how to effectively improve the safety quality of buildings, and
use this to energize the owner (construction supervision) and special supervision
plans. Implementation earthquake-resistant Safe buildings are used to remedy the
lack of effective control in building management, and it is expected that while
promoting earthquake-resistant safety, consumers' rights and interests can be
further effectively protected.

摘要............................................................................................................................................i
Abstract......................................................................................................................................ii
誌謝............................................................................................................................................i
目 錄..........................................................................................................................................i
圖目錄......................................................................................................................................iv
表目錄...................................................................................................................................... vi
第一章 緒論............................................................................................................................. 1
1 研究動機 ........................................................................................................................ 1
2 研究目的 ........................................................................................................................ 1
3 研究範圍與方法 ............................................................................................................ 1
4 研究架構與流程 ............................................................................................................ 2
第二章 文獻回顧..................................................................................................................... 3
1 混凝土劣化之樣態 ......................................................................................................... 3
1.1 樣態(一)-混凝土收縮................................................................................... 3
1.2 樣態(二)-鹼質粒料反應............................................................................... 4
1.3 樣態(三)-硫酸鹽侵蝕................................................................................... 4
1.4 樣態(四)-硫酸鹽侵蝕.................................................................................... 4
1.5 樣態(五)-沉陷及移動.................................................................................... 5
1.6 樣態(六)-沖蝕、穴蝕、凍融........................................................................ 5
1.7 樣態(七)-溫度效應........................................................................................ 5
1.8 樣態(八)-突發性加載.................................................................................... 6
1.9 樣態(九)-設計錯誤施工錯誤........................................................................ 6
1.10 氯離子含量過高.......................................................................................... 6
2 混凝土裂縫型態 ............................................................................................................. 8
3 樓版裂縫成因分析 ......................................................................................................... 8
3.1 工程常見混凝土裂縫類型-沉降收縮裂縫................................................... 9
ii
3.2 工程常見混凝土裂縫類型-塑性收縮裂縫................................................. 10
3.3 工程常見混凝土裂縫類型-乾燥收縮裂縫................................................. 10
3.4 工程常見混凝土裂縫類型-溫度收縮裂縫................................................ 10
3.5 工程常見混凝土裂縫類型-設計不當問題導致之裂縫............................. 11
4 美國混凝土協會 ACI 規範 ACI224-R90 .................................................................... 11
第三章 混凝土結構物(版)裂縫評估..................................................................................... 13
1 結構裂縫評估: .............................................................................................................. 13
1.1 裂縫評估依劣化條件或主體構件的原因可分 3 類.................................. 13
1.2 裂縫評估使用注意事項.............................................................................. 14
2 混凝土裂縫量測之種類 ............................................................................................... 16
3 混凝土裂縫量測頻率及流程 ....................................................................................... 19
4 混凝土裂縫風險管理對策 ........................................................................................... 23
第四章 混凝土結構物(版)裂縫修補對策分析..................................................................... 24
1 裂縫補強需求之評估準則 ........................................................................................... 24
1.1 第一類設計階段(無法得知殘餘使用年限)： .......................................... 24
1.2 第二類設計階段(可得知殘餘使用年限)： .............................................. 25
2 修復補強之方法及選擇 .............................................................................................. 28
2.1 重要性:......................................................................................................... 28
2.2 合理性:......................................................................................................... 28
第五章 混凝土結構裂縫修補對策成效-中壢一號基地新建公營住宅工程為例.............. 31
1 案例-B1F 混凝土版裂縫評估...................................................................................... 34
1.1 裂縫成因初步判斷...................................................................................... 37
1.2 裂縫觀測...................................................................................................... 37
1.3 藉由現場相關裂縫紀錄針對可能之成因進行確切之探討，結果如下：
.................................................................................................................................... 39
2 混凝土版裂縫預防對策及成效 ................................................................................... 46
2.1 預防對策...................................................................................................... 47
iii
2.2 成效:............................................................................................................. 51
3 案例-既有樓版裂縫修補措施...................................................................................... 53
3.1 裂縫修補方法-Epoxy 修補工序概述 ........................................................ 54
3.2 補強後成效分析.......................................................................................... 56
3.3 表面塗層法-聚脲防水工序概述................................................................ 57
3.4 補強後成效分析.......................................................................................... 64
第六章 結論與建議............................................................................................................... 65
1 結論 ............................................................................................................................... 65
2 建議 ............................................................................................................................... 66
參考文獻................................................................................................................................. 67
附錄 1 混凝土配比調整........................................................................................................ 68
附錄 2 各區混凝土抗壓報告................................................................................................ 88
附錄 3 ACI 224-R90 規範容許裂寬 ................................................................................... 116

                                

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