接著我們以高功率類比DFB雷射二極體、推挽式前置放大器、半頻多工技術、光放大器串接及分波多工技術架構直調式光纖有線電視系統。光信號傳送距離由80公里延伸至110公里，系統參數性能載波二次合成拍差比及載波三次合成拍差比比起之前的架構更進一步獲得改善。同時整體而言載波雜訊比、載波二次合成拍差比及載波三次合成拍差比都有相當不錯的特性。
再則研究以FP雷射二極體、光隔離器及光纖光柵的組合來取代傳統DFB雷射二極體，同樣利用分頻、分波多工及光放大器串接技術架構直調式光纖有線電視長距離傳輸系統。光信號經由100公里單模光纖傳送後，系統參數性能載波雜訊比、載波二次合成拍差比及載波三次合成拍差比可以測得不錯的結果。
更進一步的以5個不同的波長建構混合式有線電視及多媒體分波多工系統架構。系統之中其中2個波長用來傳送半頻多工直調式光纖有線電視系統、2個波長用來傳送64-QAM數位信號、最後1個波長則用來傳送OC-48數位基頻信號。主要研究目的在於探討利用5台直調式光發射機所構成之分波多工系統，光放大器串接三級、光信號經由110公里標準單模光纖傳送後之系統參數性能。
最後，我們提出一個在訂戶終端量測迴影比率基頻參數的新方法。從理論上的推演及實驗上的驗證，可以發現迴影比率及單一波道頻率響應平坦度特性兩參數之間有相關聯的特性。在量測單一波道頻率響應平坦度特性時，亦可同時量測迴影比率參數特性。這種新的迴影比率參數量測方法相較於傳統的量測方法而言，不但在技術層次上更為簡易、且在經濟效應上更具競爭優勢。

We also build a directly modulated NTSC AM-VSB 80-channel system using high power analog distributed feedback (DFB) laser diodes, push-pull preamplifier, half-split-band, in-line EDFA''s and 2-optical channel WDM techniques. The transmission distance is extended from 80 km to 110 km, and the CSO and CTB performances are improved in this system. In addition, good CNR, CSO and CTB performances are also obtained in this proposed system.
And we propose and experimentally demonstrate a directly modulated 1550 nm NTSC 80-channel EDFA amplified system using split-band and WDM techniques, as well as a combination of a Fabry-Perot (FP) laser diode, an optical isolator and a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) to replace the conventional DFB laser diode. By replacing the DFB laser diode with the combination of an FP laser diode, an optical isolator and a FBG, good performances of CNR, CSO and CTB are obtained after 100 km standard SMF transmission.
Furthermore, we demonstrate a hybrid dense-wavelength-division-multiplexing (DWDM) system for CATV and multimedia trunking, using a 5-wavelength system as an example. The system uses two wavelengths for AM-VSB video signal, two wavelengths for 64-QAM digital signals and one wavelength for OC-48 baseband digital signal. We investigate the performance of this lightwave system employing five 1550 nm directly modulated DFB laser transmitters and three cascaded stages of broadband in-line EDFA''s. Transmission over 110 km of a standard SMF is studied.
Finally, we present a novel measurement method to measure the echo rating baseband parameter at the subscriber. From both theoretical derivations and experimental results, a relation between the echo rating and the in-channel frequency response has been found. We use the in-channel frequency response RF parameter to simultaneously indicate the echo rating performance. This proposed novel echo rating measurement method is simpler and more cost-effective than the conventional measurement method.

Chapter 1
[1.1] S. Ovadia, H. Dai, C. Lin, and W. T. Anderson, "Performance of hybrid multichannel AM/256-QAM video lightwave transmission systems," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 7, pp. 1351-1353, 1995.
[1.2] H. Dai, S. Ovadia, and C. Lin, "Hybrid AM-VSB/M-QAM multichannel video transmission over 120 km of standard single-mode fiber with cascaded erbium-doped fiber amplifiers," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 8, pp. 1713-1715, 1996.
[1.3] K. P. Ho, H. Dai, C. Lin, S. K. Liaw, H. Gysel, and M. Ramachandran, "Hybrid wavelength-division-multiplexing systems for high-capacity digital and analog video trunking applications," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 10, pp. 297-299, 1998.
[1.4] S. Ovadia, and C. Lin, "Performance characteristics and applications of hybrid multichannel AM-VSB/M-QAM video lightwave transmission systems," J. Lightwave Technol., vol. 16, pp. 1171-1185, 1998.
[1.5] H. H. Lu, C. T. Lee, and C. Lin, "A hybrid DWDM system for CATV and multimedia trunking," Submitted to Applied Optics, Dec. 1999.
[1.6] M. R. Philips, T. E. Darcie, D. Marcuse, G. E. Bodeep, and N. J. Frigo, "Nonlinear distortion generated by dispersive transmission of chirped intensity-modulated signals," IEEE Photon Technol Lett., vol. 3, no. 5, pp. 481-483, 1991.
[1.7] B. Clesca, P. Bousselet, and L. Hamon, "Second order distortion improvements or degradations brought by erbium-doped fiber amplifiers in analog links using directly modulated lasers," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 5, no. 9, pp. 1029-1031, 1993.
[1.8] H. H. Lu, and C. T. Lee, "Composite second-order and composite triple-beat performance for cascaded fiber-optic CATV transmitters," Fiber and Integrated Optics, vol. 18, pp. 131-140, 1999.
[1.9] H. A. Blauvelt, N. S. Kwong, P. C. Chen, and I. Ury, "Optimum range for DFB laser chirp for fiber-optic AM video transmission," J. Lightwave Technol., vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 55-59, 1993.
[1.10] C. Bonang, and C. Y. Kuo, "Long distance 1550 nm fiber optic CATV supertrunking," Harmonic Lightwaves Inc. Technical Report, 1997.
[1.11] D. Piehler, X. Zou, C. Y. Kuo, A. Nilsson, J. Kleefeld, G. Garcia, J. D. Ralston, and A. Mathur, ?dB CNR over 50 km of fiber in an 80-channel externally-modulated AM-CATV system without optical amplification," Electron. Lett., vol. 33, no. 3, pp. 226-227, 1997.
[1.12] K. O. Hill, F. Bilodeau, B. Malo, T. Kiagawa, S. Theriault, D. C. Johnson, and J. Albert, "Chirped in-fiber Bragg gratings for compensation of optical-fiber dispersion," Opt. Lett., vol. 19, pp. 1314-1316, 1994.
[1.13] J. Marti, D. Pastor, M. Tortola, J. Capmany, and A. Montero, "On the use of tapered linearly chirped gratings as dispersion-induced distortion equalizers in SCM systems," J. Lightwave Technol., vol. 15, pp. 179-187, 1997.
[1.14] H. H. Lu, and C. T. Lee, "Directly modulated CATV transmission systems using half-split-band and wavelength-division-multiplexing techniques," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 10, pp. 1653-1655, 1998.
[1.15] H. H. Lu, C. T. Lee, and C. T. Kuo, "Long-distance transmission of directly modulated 1550 nm AM-VSB CATV systems," Accepted, Fiber and Integrated Optics, (2000).
[1.16] C. T. Lee, H. H. Lu, and N. C. Wang, "Long-distance transmission of AM-VSB CATV systems using Fabry-Perot laser diode and Bragg grating fiber," Submitted to J. Lightwave Technol., Mar. 2000.
[1.17] H. H. Lu, and C. T. Lee, "Novel measurement method for fiber pptical CATV echo rating baseband parameter at subscriber," Accepted, Optical Engineering, (2000).
Chapter 2
[2.1] H. H. Lu, and C. T. Lee, "Novel measurement method for fiber pptical CATV echo rating baseband parameter at subscriber," Accepted, Optical Engineering, (2000).
[2.2] M. R. Philips, T. E. Darcie, D. Marcuse, G. E. Bodeep, and N. J. Frigo, "Nonlinear distortion generated by dispersive transmission of chirped intensity-modulated signals," IEEE Photon Technol Lett., vol. 3, no. 5, pp. 481-483, 1991.
[2.3] B. Clesca, P. Bousselet, and L. Hamon, "Second order distortion improvements or degradations brought by erbium-doped fiber amplifiers in analog links using directly modulated lasers," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 5, no. 9, pp. 1029-1031, 1993.
[2.4] D. Piehler, X. Zou, C. Y. Kuo, A. Nilsson, J. Kleefeld, G. Garcia, J. D. Ralston, and A. Mathur, ?dB CNR over 50 km of fiber in an 80-channel externally-modulated AM-CATV system without optical amplification," Electron. Lett., vol. 33, no. 3, pp. 226-227, 1997.
[2.5] G. K. Gopalakrishnan, T. J. Brophy, and C. Breverman., "Experimental study of fiber induced distortions in externally modulated 1550 nm analog CATV links," Electron. Lett., vol. 32, no. 14, pp. 1309-1310, 1996.
[2.6] E. E. Bergmann, C. Y. Kuo, and S. Y. Huang, "Dispersion induced composite second order distortion at 1.55μm," IEEE Photon Technol Lett., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 59-61, 1991.
[2.7] H. H. Lu, and C. T. Lee, "Composite second-order and composite triple-beat performance for cascaded fiber-optic CATV transmitters," Fiber and Integrated Optics, vol. 18, pp. 131-140, 1999.
[2.8] C. Y. Kuo, "Fundamental nonlinear distortions in analog links with fiber amplifiers," J. Lightwave Technol., vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 7-15, 1993.
[2.9] H. A. Blauvelt, N. S. Kwong, P. C. Chen, and I. Ury, "Optimum range for DFB laser chirp for fiber-optic AM video transmission," J. Lightwave Technol., vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 55-59, 1993.
Chapter 3
[3.1] H. H. Lu, and C. T. Lee, "Directly modulated CATV transmission systems using half-split-band and wavelength-division-multiplexing techniques," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 10, no. 11, pp. 1653-1655, 1998.
[3.2] S. P. Dye, and N. J. Gomes, "Dual-modulation compensation for optical intensity modulator nonlinearities," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 72-74, 1996.
[3.3] A. J. Rainal, "Distortion spectrum of laser intensity modulation," IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 43, no. 10, pp.1644-1652, 1995.
[3.4] D. Piehler, X. Zou, C. Y. Kuo, A. Nilsson, J. Kleefeld, G. Garcia, J. D. Ralston, and A. Mathur, ? dB CNR over 50 km of fiber in an 80-channel externally-modulated AM-CATV system without optical amplification," Electron. Lett., vol. 33, no. 3, pp. 226-227, 1997.
[3.5] D. A. Fishman, and J. A. Nagel, "Degradations due to stimulated Brillouin scattering in multigigabit intensity-modulated fiber-optic systems," J. Lightwave Technol., vol. 11, no. 11, pp. 1721-1728, 1993.
[3.6] H. H. Lu, and C. T. Lee, "Composite second-order and composite triple-beat performance for cascaded fiber-optic CATV transmitters," Fiber and Integrated Optics, vol. 18, pp. 131-140, 1999.
[3.7] C. Bonang, and C. Y. Kuo, "Long distance 1550 nm fiber optic CATV supertrunking," Harmonic Lightwaves Inc. Technical Report, 1997.
Chapter 4
[4.1] B. J. Eggleton, G. Lenz, N. Litchinitser, D. B. Patterson, and R. E. Slusher, "Implications of fiber grating dispersion for WDM communication systems," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 9, pp. 1403-1405, 1997.
[4.2] E. E. Bergmann, C. Y. Kuo, and S. Y. Huang, "Dispersion induced composite second order distortion at 1.55μm," IEEE Photon Technol Lett., vol. 3, pp. 59-61, 1991.
[4.3] H. H. Lu, and C. T. Lee, "Directly modulated CATV transmission systems using half-split-band and wavelength-division-multiplexing techniques," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 10, pp. 1653-1655, 1998.
[4.4] H. H. Lu, C. T. Lee, and C. T. Kuo, "Long-distance transmission of directly modulated 1550 nm AM-VSB CATV systems," Accepted, Fiber and Integrated Optics, (2000).
[4.5] C. M. Ragdale, D. Reid, D. J. Robbins, J. Buus, and I. Bennion, "Narrowband fiber grating filters," IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun., vol. 8, pp. 1146-1150, 1990.
[4.6] T. E. Darcie, G. E. Bodeep, and A. A. M. Saleh, "Fiber-reflection-induced impairments in lightwave AM-VSB CATV systems," J. Lightwave Technol., vol. 9, pp. 991-995, 1991.
[4.7] M. R. Philips, T. E. Darcie, D. Marcuse, G. E. Bodeep, and N. J. Frigo, "Nonlinear distortion generated by dispersive transmission of chirped intensity-modulated signals," IEEE Photon Technol Lett., vol. 3, no. 5, pp. 481-483, 1991.
[4.8] S. Ovadia, and C. Lin, "Performance characteristics and applications of hybrid multichannel AM-VSB/M-QAM video lightwave transmission systems," J. Lightwave Technol., vol. 16, pp. 1171-1185, 1998.
[4.9] G. J. Meslener, "Temperature dependence of mode distribution, intensity, noise, and mode-partition noise in subcarrier multiplexed transmission systems," IEEE Photon Technol Lett., vol. 4, pp. 939-941, 1992.
[4.10] K. Y. Lau, C. M. Gee, T. R. Chen, N. Bar-Chaim, and I. Ury, "Signal-induced noise in fiber-optic links using directly modulated Fabry-Perot and distributed-feedback laser diodes," J. Lightwave Technol., vol. 11, pp. 1216-1225, 1993.
[4.11] G. J. Meslener, "Mode-partition noise in microwave subcarrier transmission systems," J. Lightwave Technol., vol. 12, pp. 118-126, 1994.
[4.12] X. Lu, C. B. Su, R. B. Lauer, G. J. Meslener, and L. W. Ulbricht, "Analysis of relative intensity noise in semiconductor lasers and its effect on subcarrier multiplexed lightwave systems," J. Lightwave Technol., vol. 12, pp. 1159-1166, 1994.
Chapter 5
[5.1] S. Ovadia, H. Dai, C. Lin, and W. T. Anderson, "Performance of hybrid multichannel AM/256-QAM video lightwave transmission systems," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 7, pp. 1351-1353, 1995.
[5.2] H. Dai, S. Ovadia, and C. Lin, "Hybrid AM-VSB/M-QAM multichannel video transmission over 120 km of standard single-mode fiber with cascaded erbium-doped fiber amplifiers," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 8, pp. 1713-1715, 1996.
[5.3] W. Muys, J. C. van der Plaats, F. W. Willems, and P. H. van Heijningen, "Mutual deterioration of WDM-coupled AM-CATV and digital B-ISDN services in single fiber access networks," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 5, pp. 832-834, 1993.
[5.4] K. P. Ho, H. Dai, C. Lin, S. K. Liaw, H. Gysel, and M. Ramachandran, "Hybrid wavelength-division-multiplexing systems for high-capacity digital and analog video trunking applications," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 10, pp. 297-299, 1998.
[5.5] S. Ovadia, and C. Lin, "Performance characteristics and applications of hybrid multichannel AM-VSB/M-QAM video lightwave transmission systems," J. Lightwave Technol., vol. 16, pp. 1171-1185, 1998.
[5.6] H. H. Lu, and C. T. Lee, "Directly modulated CATV transmission systems using half-split-band and wavelength-division-multiplexing techniques," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 10, pp. 1653-1655, 1998.
[5.7] H. H. Lu, C. T. Lee, and C. T. Kuo, "Long-distance transmission of directly modulated 1550 nm AM-VSB CATV systems," Accepted, Fiber and Integrated Optics, (2000).
[5.8] H. H. Lu, and C. T. Lee, "Composite second-order and composite triple-beat performance for cascaded fiber-optic CATV transmitters," Fiber and Integrated Optics, vol. 18, pp. 131-140, 1999.
[5.9] H. H. Lu, and C. T. Lee, "Novel measurement method for fiber pptical CATV echo rating baseband parameter at subscriber," Accepted, Optical Engineering, (2000).
[5.10] J. L. Thomas, "Coherent disturbance- beating CSO and CTB," Hewlett-Packard Professional Books, ch. 8, pp. 157-195, 1995.
[5.11] K. P. Ho, and S. K. Liaw, "Demultiplexer crosstalk rejection requirements for hybrid WDM system with analog and digital channels," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 10, pp. 737-739, 1998.
Chapter 6
[6.1] "NCTA recommended practices for measurements on cable television systems," National Cable Television Association, 2nd. ed., 1993.
[6.2] "Television measurements for NTSC systems," Tektronix Television Division, pp. 37-46, 1993.
[6.3] H. H. Lu, and C. T. Lee, "Directly modulated CATV transmission systems using half-split-band and wavelength-division-multiplexing techniques," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 10, no. 11, pp. 1653-1655, 1998.
[6.4] H. H. Lu, C. T. Lee, and C. T. Kuo, "Long-distance transmission of directly modulated 1550 nm AM-VSB CATV systems," Accepted, Fiber and Integrated Optics, (2000).
[6.5] H. H. Lu, and C. T. Lee, "Composite second-order and composite triple-beat performance for cascaded fiber-optic CATV transmitters," Fiber and Integrated Optics, vol. 18, pp. 131-140, 1999.
[6.6] J. L. Thomas, "Cable television: proof-of-performance," Hewlett-Packard Company, pp. 72-89, 1995.
[6.7] W. Grant, "Cable Television," 2nd. ed., 1998.