螢幕精準色彩校正模式之研究｜國立中央大學博碩士論文系統

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研究生：	李靈 Ling Lee
論文名稱：	螢幕精準色彩校正模式之研究 Study of Accurate Calibration Procedure on Color Display
指導教授：	楊宗勳
口試委員:
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	理學院 - 光電科學與工程學系 Department of Optics and Photonics
論文出版年：	2020
畢業學年度：	108
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	132
中文關鍵詞：	螢幕校正、色彩、顯色、色差、傳統混色法、線性疊加混色法、光譜分析混色法、主成份分析
外文關鍵詞：	Accurate Calibration, Color Difference, Traditional, Superposition analysis
相關次數：	點閱：8 下載：0
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本論文探討如何改進顯示器的顯色精準度，尋求一有效的校正模
式，期能大幅改進顯示器的顯示效能。首先，針對現行顯示器的顯色
效果，進行實際量測、並分析其光度與色度的變化情形，從而建立其
量化模型，藉由操控用灰階值與顯示器效能表現之間的光度、色度精
確關係模型，提供顯示器光度與色度精確校正之應用。現行的校正方
式，僅考慮光色分離的方式，利用三原色混色的原理做固定三原色的
不同光度混色，最後再輔以線性轉換，試圖用以解決混色預測效果與
實際呈色的差異，最後仍存在明顯不等的色差，使得每部顯示器無法
完全達到相同的顯色表現。本研究提出線性疊加混色模型與光譜主成
份混色模型，除了有效建立精準的光色混色模型，同時也藉由數據分
析與模型建立的過程，推測出現行三原色混色模型疏失之處，從而提
出顯示器架構所引進的三原色互相漏光透色之機制，造成當前顯示校
正程序的高複雜度，也因此找到合理的精準預測模型，大幅而有效地
降低各色階之色差，達成顯示器顯色之精確校正的目的。於此，相對
於線性疊加混色模型，光譜主成份混色模型可提供較高的光色精準度，
但其程序較為複雜。

The purpose of this thesis is to explore for an effective calibration
process to highly improve the performance of displays. In such a way, the
calibrated displays can present high quality contents with high accuracy
both in photometric and in chromatic evaluation. Firstly, we have executed
photometric and chromatic measurements on the performance of displays.
After analyzing the measured data, several photometric and chromatic
models between the controlling gray levels and display outputs of
luminance and chromaticity have been established for each one of the
primary color channels. With these photometric and chromatic models, the
high accuracy calibration on a display is approached both in the
photometric and the chromatic performance. Currently, the calibration
process for a display is based on the color mixing among three fixed color
primaries. By a linear transformation, the color difference between the
color mixing prediction and the realistic performance of a display is
expected to be diminished. However, we found a display does not work in
such a simple way. That is why every display has its own exclusive
performance even for the same contents. Here, we propose two effective models for the color mixing in displays. One is the linear superposition
mixing model, and the other is the spectral principal component mixing
model. Both of these two ways can effectively solve the unneglectable
color shiting problems in displays. Accordingly, the leaking primary color
can be well evaluated such as to have accurate calibration. The spectral
principal component mixing model provides with much better accuracy
than the linear superposition mixing model, while with more complicated
procedures.

摘要  ...................................................................................................... v 
Abstract  .................................................................................................... vi
致謝  ................................................................................................... vii 
目錄  .................................................................................................. viii 
圖目錄  .................................................................................................... xi
表目錄  .................................................................................................... xv 
第 1 章 緒論 .............................................................................................. 1 
1-1 前言 .............................................................................................. 1 
1-2 研究背景 ...................................................................................... 2 
1-3 顯示器研究發展 .......................................................................... 4 
1-3-1 陰極射線管螢幕 .................................................................... 4 
1-3-2 液晶顯示器 ............................................................................ 7 
1-3-3 電漿顯示器 .......................................................................... 13 
1-3-4 有機發光二極體顯示器 ...................................................... 15 
1-3-5 微發光二極體顯示器 .......................................................... 17
1-3-6 色域 ...................................................................................... 18 
1-4 研究動機與目的 ........................................................................ 20 
第 2 章 基礎理論 .................................................................................... 22 
2-1 色彩光學概論 ............................................................................ 22 
2-1-1 可見光 .................................................................................. 22 
2-1-2 CIE 色度系統 ...................................................................... 25 
2-1-3 配色實驗 .............................................................................. 26 
2-1-4 L*a*b*色度座標空間 .......................................................... 31 
2-1-5 色差 (Color Difference) ...................................................... 32 
2-2 混色法 ........................................................................................ 33 
2-2-1 加法混色法 .......................................................................... 33 
2-2-2 並置混色法 .......................................................................... 33 
2-2-3 交替混合法 .......................................................................... 34 
2-2-4 混色計算 .............................................................................. 34 
2-3 人因 ............................................................................................ 36 
2-4 顯示器色彩校正 ........................................................................ 38 
第 3 章 線性疊加混色法 ........................................................................ 41 
3-1 顯示器量測實驗架構 ................................................................ 41 
3-2 量測方法 .................................................................................... 45 
3-3 量測結果及數據分析 ................................................................ 45 
3-3-1 輝度分析 .............................................................................. 45 
3-3-2 色度分析 .............................................................................. 53 
3-4 混色模型建立 ............................................................................ 63 
3-5 驗證 ............................................................................................ 65 
3-6 總結 ............................................................................................ 71 
第 4 章 光譜分析混色法 ........................................................................ 73 
4-1 光譜量測架構 ............................................................................ 73 
4-2 量測結果 .................................................................................... 74 
4-3 光譜主成份分析 ........................................................................ 79 
4-4 混色模型建立 ............................................................................ 82 
4-5 驗證 ............................................................................................ 94 
4-6 色差分析 .................................................................................. 100 
4-7 總結 .......................................................................................... 102 
第 5 章 結論 .......................................................................................... 103 
參考文獻................................................................................................. 107 
中英文名詞對照表 ................................................................................ 112
                                

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