Functional Bearing Model (FBM) Analysis Under the Design Spectra of Near Fault Ground Motions

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研究生：	艾芬娜 Alfinna Mahya Ummati
論文名稱：	Functional Bearing Model (FBM) Analysis Under the Design Spectra of Near Fault Ground Motions Functional Bearing Model (FBM) Analysis Under the Design Spectra of Near Fault Ground Motions
指導教授：	王仲宇 Chung-Yue Wang
口試委員:
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 土木工程學系 Department of Civil Engineering
論文出版年：	2018
畢業學年度：	106
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	153
中文關鍵詞：	功能軸承模型、近斷層、反應譜、橋梁分析、動力分析
外文關鍵詞：	Functional Bearing Model, Near Fault, Shaking Table Test Model, Bridge Analysis, Rubber Bearing System
相關次數：	點閱：10 下載：0
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大多數地震下的支承分析會假設有恢復力與摩擦力，但往往只能取得支承之最終位移和力量等數據，無法取得個元件之影響比重。本研究將使用FBM模擬支承，其中由三種元件組成，分別為於橋面板與支承上方間之摩擦元件、支承中間模擬橡膠之恢復力元件與支承下方與柱頂間之摩擦元件。
本研究使用近域地震波集集大地震TCU068, TCU102和TCU052進行分析，並符合規範之台中設計地震反應譜，再與遠域地震El-Centro大地震ELX354, ELX421和ELX600進行比較。在使用FBM支承系統於本橋梁進行分析時，將證實恢復力元件和摩擦元件可以獨立運算。本研究的目的為替換數種不同的摩擦係數以觀察橋梁動力反應之變化；其次，透過比較不同摩擦係數所造成之橋梁行為，找出最適合之摩擦係數使消能行為最佳；第三，確定最佳摩擦參數便於設計兩個甲板間隙，以避免地震發生時甲板發生碰撞；第四，確定最佳摩擦參數便於設計帽梁寬度，以避免地震發生時橋面版滑落。

Functional Bearing Model (FBM) is an idea to represent 1 link analysis that used in common with divide it into 3 links based on each function. In this research, the rubber bearing divided into 3 elements as representation of rubber bearing system, they are: Friction element in the top of sliding interface between bearing and deck, Rubber in the middle link as a restoring element, and Frictional element in the bottom of sliding interface between bearing and column.
A shaking table size bridge proposed under the normalized peak ground acceleration under the design spectra of the near fault ground motions of Chi-Chi earthquakes TCU068, TCU102, and TCU052. In this research of FBM analysis, proof that the contribution of the rubber element and friction elements can be calculated independently.
The purposes of this research are: First, to study about the effect of variation of the friction coefficient that applied on the top surface and bottom surface of the rubber bearing system. Second, to study about determining several configuration of the friction coefficient to design a proper rubber bearing system. Third, to study about determining several configuration of the friction coefficient to design a gap between two decks in order to avoid the decks crashing when the earthquakes happen. Fourth, to study about determining several configuration of the friction coefficient to design enlargement of the column’s cap beam in order to avoid the decks falling when the earthquakes happen.

CHAPTER I – INTRODUCTION    1
1    Background    1
2    Research Objectives    4
3    Research Scope and Limitation    6
4    Research Outline    6
CHAPTER II – LITERATURE REVIEW    8
1    Introduction    8
2    Highway Bridge Structure    8
3    Earthquake Ground Motion    9
3.1    Near Fault Earthquake    11
3.2    Earthquake Response in Linear System    12
3.3    Earthquake Response in Non-Linear System    13
4    Isolation System    15
4.1    Rubber Bearing    16
4.2    Functional Bearing Model (FBM)    17
5    Structural Optimization    18
5.1    Earthquake Response and Design Spectrum Analysis    18
5.2    Numerical Evaluation    20
6    Software Simulation    21
CHAPTER III – FUNDAMENTAL THEORY AND METHODOLOGY ANALYSIS    22
1    Functional Bearing Model (FBM)    22
2    State Space Analysis Process    23
2.1    Sticking State    26
2.2    Sliding State    27
3    Fundamental Theory    30
3.1    Free Body Diagram    30
3.2    Conditions    31
3.3    Sliding Mechanism    35
4    Research Flowchart    38
5    Modelling    40
5.1    Bridge Model    40
5.2    Material and Section Properties    41
5.3    Comparison Proposed Model with Previous Experimental Model    42
5.4    Resonance Possibility    46
6    Earthquake Input    47
6.1    Near Fault Earthquake    47
6.2    Far Fault Earthquake    51
6.3    Design Spectra Analysis    51
7    Bearing System    56
7.1    Functional Bearing Model (FBM) and Link Definition    57
7.2    Non Linear Boundary Condition    58
8    Variation of the Coefficient of Friction    59
9    System Analysis    61
9.1    Loading Definition and Loading Case    61
CHAPTER IV – NUMERICAL ANALYSIS: VARIATION OF FRICTION COEFFICIENT EFFECT ON FUNCTIONAL BEARING MODEL (FBM) ANALYSIS    63
1    Case Details    63
2    Near Fault Analysis    64
2.1    Duration of the Peak Response    64
2.2    Displacement Contribution    65
2.3    Energy Absorptions    69
2.4    Friction Element Contribution    73
3    Far Fault Analysis    76
3.1    Duration of the Peak Response    76
3.2    Displacement Contribution    77
3.3    Energy Absorptions    80
3.4    Friction Element Contribution    83
4    Conclusion    85
CHAPTER V – NUMERICAL ANALYSIS: BRIDGE FALLING PREVENTION    86
1    Case Details    86
2    Design A Proper Rubber Bearing    87
2.1    Maximum Deformation of the Rubber    87
2.2    Time Reference    89
2.3    Behavior of the Rubber Bearing System at the Certain Time    90
3    Design the Gap Distance of the Deck    100
3.1    Maximum Deck Displacement    100
3.2    Maximum Sliding Deformation of the Top Friction Surface    102
3.3    Time Reference    104
3.4    Behavior of the Rubber Bearing System at the Certain Time    104
4    Design the Column’s Cap Beam Size    111
4.1    Maximum Column Displacement    111
4.2    Maximum Sliding Deformation of the Bottom Friction Surface    113
4.3    Time Reference    115
4.4    Behavior of the Rubber Bearing System at the Certain Time    116
5    Standard Design Code    122
6    Conclusion    122
CHAPTER VI – OVERALL CONCLUSIONS    127
1    Conclusions    127
2    Recommendations    128
REFERENCES    130
APPENDIX    132

                                

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