| 研究生: |
黃秉榮 Ping-Jung Huang |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
921斷層泥中奈米礦物微粒的探尋 Nanometric characteristics of fault gouge on the Chi-Chi earthquake, Taiwan |
| 指導教授: |
李文献
Wen-Hsien Li 李冠卿 Kuan-Ching Lee |
| 口試委員: | |
| 學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱: |
理學院 - 物理學系 Department of Physics |
| 畢業學年度: | 91 |
| 語文別: | 中文 |
| 論文頁數: | 48 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | 921 |
| 外文關鍵詞: | 921 |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:16 下載:0 |
| 分享至: |
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地震發生時,所產生的能量與預期所要釋放出的能量低,因而,有自然學家推論地震發生時,滑動層中應存在單層的奈米級顆。而奈米級顆粒的存在,能使地震發生時所磨擦的能量減少。而本篇論文,發現到在921地震的滑動層中的確存在奈米級的顆粒,而奈米級的顆粒的最多的分佈範圍在10nm~40nm之間。另外,在X-光的繞射分析中,發現在滑動層中和滑動層的外圍的稜鐵礦(FeCO3)的強烈變化。在滑動層中,稜鐵礦在滑動層中,稜鐵礦幾乎消失不見,而碳酸鈣在地震的過程中,並沒太大變化,所以,推論在地震發生時滑動層當時的溫度介於兩者熔解溫度之間(580℃~894℃)。
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and General Structure Analysis System (GSAS) program have been used to investigate the nanometric characteristics of the fault gouge in the 223.45 m cores of Chi-Chi earthquake. Nano grains were revealed in the slip zone, with a mean diameter is ~20nm, while only μm grains were found outside the slip zone. X-ray diffraction patterns were refined following the Reiveld refinement method and reveal three main structural phases, namely quartz (hexagonal P6222 symmetry of SiO2), siderite (R-3CH symmetry of FeCO3), and calcite (R –3cRS symmetry of CaCO3), respectively. Among them, FeCO3 shows a rapidly percentage reduction from being at 35% to at 4 % as the specimen were taken from depths of 223.37 m (outside of the fault gouge) to 224.45 m (the fault gouge), while the composition of CaCO3 remains essentially unchanged. This founding can be used as an indicator for the temperature of the slip zone during the earthquake.
參考資料
[1]洪日豪教授,廖卿妃,中央大學應用地質所提供
[2]SHIN-ICHI UDA,AINMING LIN AND KEIJI TAKEMURA,The Island Arc(2001)10,439-446
[3]余樹楨著,"晶體之結構與性質"