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研究生： 薛人豪
jen-hao hsueh
論文名稱： 磁性顆粒在磁場與流場交互作用下之凝絮情形
指導教授： 秦靜如
Ching-Ju Chin
口試委員:
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工學院 - 環境工程研究所
Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering
畢業學年度： 95
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 93
中文關鍵詞： 碎形維度 、凝絮速率 、磁性顆粒
外文關鍵詞： fractal dimension, rate of aggregation, magnetic particle
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    • 本研究探討磁性顆粒受磁場及流場交互作用下的凝絮情形，利用影像擷取系統及分析軟體，在不同磁場方向設定下分別探討磁場及流場對凝絮的影響，最後利用無因次參數，做出凝絮速率的迴歸模式。結果發現，在粒徑長成方面，磁場強度的增強對凝絮的速率及粒徑成長皆有提升的作用；在不同流速下，則會因Cm-s值的不同而有相異的凝絮情形：Cm-s值在大於1的情況下，若流速增加則會使得凝絮速率增加，在Cm-s值小於1的情況下，流速上升反而使得凝絮物成長到達一定時間即停止。在碎形維度方面，磁場強度若升高，碎形維度會有上升的情形，而流速的變化對碎形維度並沒有明顯的影響。最後，利用凝絮速率V與無因次參數Cm-s所得到的迴歸模式為：V=－0.096318＋0.326564×√Cm-s，做出來的迴歸式可利用計算出的Cm-s值，來預測其凝絮速率。

    In this study, aggregation of magnetic particles is affected by the interaction of external magnetic field and flow rate. We analyze the result of aggregation with different direction of external magnetic field, respectively. The circumstances of aggregation are investigated via microscopic visualization system and digital image analysis. Finally, the regression of aggregation is made by dimensionless parameter. In the result, the rate of aggregation are increasing by enhancing the external magnetic field in all cases. But in different flow rate, the circumstances of aggregation are changed by the value of dimensionless parameter ,Cm-s. When Cm-s is greater than 1, the rate of aggregation are increasing by increasing the flow rate. On the contrary, the aggregations are broken by the shear force when Cm-s smaller than 1. In the result of fractal dimension, enhancing the external magnetic field will obtain larger fractal dimension. The flow rate cause no effect to fractal dimension. The regression analysis is made by rate of aggregation, V and dimensionless parameter, Cm-s. The result of regression is V=－0.096318＋0.326564×√Cm-s We can use this model to predict the rate of aggregation.

    摘要.............................................................................................................................I 文目錄.......................................................................................................................III 圖目錄........................................................................................................................V 表目錄......................................................................................................................VII 第一章、前言.............................................................................................................1 1.1 研究緣起......................................................................................................1 1.2 研究目的......................................................................................................2 第二章、文獻回顧.....................................................................................................3 2.1 DLVO理論....................................................................................................3 2.1.1 凡得瓦爾力(van der waals forces)....................................................3 2.1.2 靜電力(electrostatic forces)...............................................................4 2.1.3 DLVO總位能與距離關係..................................................................7 2.2 碎形理論......................................................................................................10 2.2.1 碎形的特性.......................................................................................11 2.2.2 碎形維度...........................................................................................14 2.2.3 碎形維度的計算...............................................................................15 2.3 膠體顆粒凝絮機制模式..............................................................................17 2.3.1 擴散限制凝絮模式(DLA,diffusion-limited aggregation).................17 2.3.2 反應限制凝絮模式(RLA,reaction-limited aggregation)...................20 2.3.3 凝絮物-凝絮物凝絮模式(CCA,cluster-cluster aggregation)............21 2.4 影響顆粒凝絮系統的變數...........................................................................23 2.4.1 溶液的離子強度................................................................................23 2.4.2 溫度....................................................................................................23 2.4.3 大尺度的力(long-range forces).........................................................24 2.4.4 小尺度的力(short-range forces)........................................................25 2.4.5 重組現象(restructuring).....................................................................25 2.5 磁場與流場交互作用對凝絮的影響...........................................................27 2.5.1 磁性物質的種類................................................................................27 2.5.2 磁性顆粒的排列及外加磁場的影響................................................28 2.5.3 磁場及流場的交互作用對凝絮的影響............................................31 2.5.4 顆粒的軌跡方程式............................................................................33 第三章 實驗方法........................................................................................................36 3.1 實驗設備.......................................................................................................36 3.1.1 影像擷取系統............................................................................................36 3.1.2 其他實驗器材..........................................................................................37 3.1.3 分析軟體....................................................................................................39 3.1.4 實驗材料............................................................................................40 3.2 實驗方法.......................................................................................................41 3.3.1 前處理................................................................................................41 3.3.2 錄製顆粒凝絮情形............................................................................41 3.3.3 數據分析............................................................................................44 第四章、結果與討論..................................................................................................49 4.1 磁場與流場垂直狀況下，磁場對凝絮的影響..........................................49 4.1.1 磁場強度變化對粒徑成長的影響....................................................49 4.1.2 磁場強度變化對碎形維度的影響....................................................56 4.2 磁場與流場垂直狀況下，流速對凝絮的影響..........................................59 4.2.1 流速變化對粒徑成長的影響............................................................59 4.2.2 流速變化對碎形維度的影響............................................................66 4.3 磁場與流場平行狀況下，磁場強度對凝絮的影響..................................71 4.4 磁場與流場平行狀況下，流速對凝絮的影響..........................................76 4.5 迴歸分析......................................................................................................81 第五章、結論與建議..................................................................................................86 5.1 結論..............................................................................................................86 5.2 建議..............................................................................................................87 參考文獻......................................................................................................................88 附錄 符號說明............................................................................................................92

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