連續血壓量測系統的改良與驗證｜國立中央大學博碩士論文系統

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研究生：	徐大川 Ta-chuan Hsu
論文名稱：	連續血壓量測系統的改良與驗證 Improvement and Verification of Continuous Blood Pressure Measurement Systems
指導教授：	鍾鴻源 Hung-Yuan Chung
口試委員:
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	資訊電機學院 - 電機工程學系 Department of Electrical Engineering
畢業學年度：	96
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	76
中文關鍵詞：	心率變異、血壓、低壓量測
外文關鍵詞：	low cuff pressure approach, blood pressure, heart rate variation
相關次數：	點閱：9 下載：0
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本研究旨在藉由低度壓力的量測方式實現連續血壓系統，並且針對先前之系統進行硬體的改良以及軟體功能建構，本文亦提出改進連續血壓轉換公式以達到較穩定的血壓動態變化。
測量連續血壓變化的時候，在上臂或手腕包覆壓脈袋，並將空氣灌進壓脈袋，以低度壓力(30~60mmHg)壓迫上臂的血管，受壓迫的血管中血流壓力回傳至壓脈袋與壓力感測器，壓力感測器的輸出信號傳送到兩個類比輸入通道，再透過個人電腦進行血壓參數的計算，並且即時顯示經低壓轉換所得之血壓值及心跳頻率。本系統的人機介面是由虛擬儀控程式LabVIEW所設計，並經由NI-DAQ USB-6009資料擷取卡，做數位輸出以及類比輸入的工作。
為確認本系統的準確性，本研究分別採用血壓計與心率變異儀的量測數值與連續血壓量測的結果比較。經過實際測試的數據分析，本系統所使用低度壓力量測方式與市面上的血壓計結果吻合。此外，本文利用梅爾波（Mayer waves）來觀察長時間血壓變化，而連續血壓系統量測到的低頻血壓頻譜與心率變異儀所量測的低頻的血壓變異一致，因此本研究驗證了連續血壓方法的準確性與穩定性。
本研究改進低壓連續量測系統的血壓動態追蹤功能，並且提高了系統的穩定性與精準度，實驗結果證實低壓量測方法符合非侵入式自動血壓計型式認證技術規範。

The main purpose of the research is to design a continuous blood pressure (BP) measurement system based on low pressure approach. In this study, we modify the low pressure translating formula of continuous blood pressure and improve the hardware of system to achieve the more accurate tracking capability of dynamic blood pressure.
The measurement of continuous blood pressure is achieved by applying cuff on the arm or wrist of subjects. The cuff is filled with air and maintained in low pressure (30~60mmHg). The signals of cuff pressure and pulse vibration are at the output of the pressure sensor. A filtering and amplifying circuit is introduced to separate the two signals into two analog input channels of Data Acquisition Card. Thus, blood pressure and heart rate can be calculated after acquiring the data by the personal computer. The interface of the system is completed by LabVIEW. The digital output and the analog input signals are operated by utilizing National Instruments Data Acquisition Multifunction I/O Card.
Moreover, Mayer waves at subjects’ wrist artery for evaluating the blood pressure variation (BPV) in low frequency is recorded. The estimated BPV is verified with the commercial heart rate variation (HRV) equipment. According to the experimental results, it proves that the accuracy and stability of the continuous blood pressure measurement systems.
In this thesis, a modified dynamic blood pressure (BP) measurement system is proposed. By the experimental results, it is shown that the accuracy and the stability of proposed system could meet the requirement of Non-Invasive Automated Sphygmomanometers standard (AAMI SP10).

中文摘要
Abstract
誌謝
目錄......................................................i
圖目錄......................................................iv
表目錄......................................................viii
第一章	緒論......................................................1
1.1	引言......................................................1
1.2	文獻回顧......................................................2
1.2.1    壓張法(Tonometric method)......................................................3
1.2.2    血管無負載法(Vascular Unloading Method)......................................................4
1.2.3    脈波傳遞時間(Pulse Transit Time)......................................................6
1.2.4    脈波傳遞時間與振盪法間歇性校正......................................................8
1.2.5    恆壓低壓法......................................................9
1.3	研究動機與目的......................................................10
1.4	論文架構......................................................11
第二章	研究方法......................................................12
2.1    	非侵入式血壓量測......................................................12
2.1.1    聽診法(Auscultation Method)......................................................12
2.1.2    振盪法(Oscillometric Method)......................................................15
2.2	非侵入式連續血壓量測......................................................16
2.2.1    恆壓低壓法......................................................16
2.2.2    連續血壓量測方法的改良......................................................17
第三章	連續血壓量測系統......................................................19
3.1	NI USB-6009資料擷取卡......................................................20
3.2	壓力感測器......................................................21
3.3	加壓幫浦及洩壓閥控制......................................................23
3.4	恆壓控制架構......................................................24
3.5	濾波放大電路......................................................26
3.6	人機介面......................................................29
3.6.1    介面軟體介紹......................................................29
3.6.2    圖控式介面設計......................................................30
3.7	連續血壓量測方法......................................................32
3.7.1    第一模式(Mode 1)量測流程......................................................33
3.7.2    心率計算及心跳顯示......................................................35
3.7.3    第二模式(Mode 2)量測流程......................................................36
第四章	系統測試與結果討論......................................................38
4.1	硬體測試結果......................................................40
4.1.1    壓脈袋恆壓性能......................................................41
4.2	系統實際測試結果......................................................45
4.2.1    第一模式振盪法量測......................................................45
4.2.2    第二模式低壓量測......................................................47
4.3	血壓動態分析......................................................52
4.3.1    伐耳沙爾瓦氏技巧(Valsalva maneuver)......................................................52
4.3.2    梅爾波(Mayer waves)......................................................59
第五章	結論與建議......................................................67
5.1	結論......................................................67
5.2	建議......................................................68
參考文獻......................................................70
附錄A......................................................73
附錄B......................................................74
附錄C......................................................75
List of Publication......................................................76

                                

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