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研究生： 陳信菖
Xin-chang Chen
論文名稱： 探討 ITS 中先進車輛安全運輸控制的
Study of Intelligent Routing Method for Advanced Vehicles inSafety Intelligent Transportation System
指導教授： 陳彥文
Yen-Wen Chen
口試委員:
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 資訊電機學院 - 通訊工程學系
Department of Communication Engineering
畢業學年度： 96
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 71
中文關鍵詞： 智慧型路由 、車輛路由 、車輛路由導引系統 、繞路 、智慧型傳輸系統
外文關鍵詞： Intelligent Routing, VRGS, Vehicle Routing, ITS, Detour
相關次數： 點閱：6  下載：0 
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    • ITS 中安全性服務和便利性服務一直都是兩大熱門討論的研究議題，
    本篇論文提出一個運用於車輛路由導引系統(Vehicle Route Guidance
    Systems, VRGS)中整合安全性和便利性服務的車輛「智慧型路由」方法，
    透過偵測、通訊、控制等技術，來達到既安全且有效率的整體性車輛路由
    規劃，並探討中控式路由方法可能遭遇的隱藏衝突路徑問題(Hidden
    Conflict Path Problem)。
    智慧型路由方法屬於一種啟發式演算法(Heuristic Algorithm)，透過貪
    婪路由(Greedy Routing)模式和繞路路由(Detour Routing)模式之間的動態
    切換，中控端即能安排車輛快速地找尋近似最佳解路徑。動態繞路機制藉
    由均衡排班車流、提高道路使用率來改善「空間不均勻」的交通擁塞分布；
    回溯修正路由流程(Backtrack Reroute Process)除了解決不安全的衝突路徑
    問題，還能調節進入交通車流，在交通飽和狀態下發揮匝道控制效果。合
    作駕駛排班和回溯修正路由流程提供行駛安全性上碰撞避免的保證；動態
    繞路機制則提供行駛便利性上替代路由的選擇：透過順暢且安全的路由規
    劃，有限的交通運輸資源即能獲得最有效地利用。
    由模擬中我們得到以下驗證：首先，不同大小的交通拓樸造成不同的
    臨界飽和密度；其次，動態繞路機制確實能有效分散車流擁塞情形，使交
    通系統達到均衡並提升整體車輛路由效率；最後，回溯修正路由流程的確
    能適當調節交通擁塞車流，使交通系統擁塞情況不繼續惡化。

    Safety and comfort applications have been two popular research topics in ITS
    recently. In this paper, we propose a vehicle-based intelligent routing method to
    integrate safety and comfort services in Vehicle Route Guidance Systems (VRGS).
    By detection, communication and control technologies, it can reach a complete
    vehicle route in safe and efficient way, and we discuss advanced in hidden conflict
    path problem that some of centralize routing method might be meet.
    . A heuristic algorithm for multiple vehicles routing problem called intelligent
    routing method is propose, base on greedy routing and detour routing switches
    dynamically, then controller can design a near-optimal route for vehicle. Dynamic
    detour scheme improve unevenness traffic density condition by balance scheduled
    vehicle routes and increase road utility rate; Backtrack reroute process use to correct
    unsafe conflict path problem, in addition, it adjust the access traffic flow liked ramp
    control in congestion condition. Cooperative drive and Backtrack reroute process to
    provide safety warranty by collision avoidance; Dynamic detour scheme provide the
    efficiency warranty by detour path selection; under safe and efficient route planning
    of globality, the limited transportation resources can be utilized most effectively.
    In simulation, it indicate the following verification: First, the different size of
    traffic topology to make critical density different; Second, dynamic detour scheme
    can balance unevenness traffic, it make traffic system to reach equilibrium and
    efficiency; Third, Backtrack reroute process can adjust the access traffic, thus traffic
    will not to collapse.

    目錄........................................................................................................................III 圖目錄.....................................................................................................................V 表目錄.................................................................................................................VIII 第一章 緒論............................................................................................................ 1 1.1 前言................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 研究動機........................................................................................................... 2 1.3 論文架構........................................................................................................... 3 第二章 背景介紹.................................................................................................... 5 2.1 VANET 起源--MANET...................................................................................... 5 2.2 VANET 架構...................................................................................................... 6 2.3 VANET 特點...................................................................................................... 9 2.4 ITS 簡介............................................................................................................ 10 2.5 ITS 相關應用.................................................................................................... 12 第三章 路口合作駕駛的相關研究....................................................................... 15 3.1 路口駕駛模式分析.......................................................................................... 15 3.2 駕駛排班序列.................................................................................................. 18 3.3 排班生成樹︰................................................................................................... 20 3.3.1 Modify Solution Tree Algorithm..................................................................... 20 3.3.2 Safety Pair Labeling Method........................................................................... 20 3.4 合作排班策略架構........................................................................................... 21 第四章 智慧型路由方法........................................................................................ 22 4.1 交通中控端︰................................................................................................... 23 4.1.1 控制中心簡介................................................................................................ 23 4.1.2 控制中心運作流程........................................................................................ 24 IV 4.2 延遲成本︰ ...................................................................................................... 26 4.2.1 基本時間成本................................................................................................ 26 4.2.2 安全排班延遲................................................................................................ 27 4.2.3 行進阻塞延遲................................................................................................ 28 4.3 智慧型路由演算法︰ ...................................................................................... 31 4.3.1 網狀拓樸環境................................................................................................ 31 4.3.2 路由模式切換................................................................................................ 32 4.3.3 智慧型路由.................................................................................................... 32 4.3.4 動態繞路機制................................................................................................ 35 4.4 衝突路徑問題︰............................................................................................... 37 4.5 回溯修正路由流程........................................................................................... 38 第五章 模擬環境、結果與討論............................................................................ 40 5.1 模擬環境說明................................................................................................... 40 5.2 模擬一：不同街道長度拓樸的整體車流密度觀察....................................... 42 5.3 模擬二：動態繞路機制的運作情況............................................................... 47 5.4 模擬三：不同頻率車流的整體排班路由現象比較....................................... 52 第六章 結論與未來工作........................................................................................ 58 6.1 結論................................................................................................................... 58 6.2 未來發展方向................................................................................................... 58 參考文獻................................................................................................................. 59

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