跳到主要內容

簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 劉勝宇
Cheng-Yu Liu
論文名稱: 探討培養溫度對巴西蘑菇液態醱酵之影響
指導教授: 徐敬衡
Chin-Hung Shu
口試委員:
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 化學工程與材料工程學系
Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering
畢業學年度: 89
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 61
中文關鍵詞: 溫度液態醱酵巴西蘑菇多醣體氣舉式醱酵槽
相關次數: 點閱:12下載:0
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • 蕈類的食用性、藥用的特性、是非常優良的健康食品,具有提高人類的自然治療力之效果,也具有攻擊癌細胞等異物細胞的作用同時是維他命B、D的供給源。而不同的蕈類當然效果也有差距,而巴西蘑菇能夠去除癌症患者的痛苦、使癌細胞縮小等,在動物實驗中,有良好抗腫瘤效果。
    一般認為培養溫度是影響菌體生長的主要因素。因此,大部分之研究是在最適合生長溫度下進行培養。但是已有文獻證實,多醣體的最適生成溫度與生長溫度有所不同。而在蕈類醱酵中,菌體和培養液多醣量都是相當重要,都具抗腫瘤效應,並利用醱酵技術,如溫度轉移(temperature shift)和二階段操作(two-stage operation Fed-batch)方式來增加菌體生長和多醣生成。
    本研究以氣舉式(Air-lift)及Bubble式反應器來進行深層醱酵培養巴西蘑菇來生產胞外多醣,所採用之菌株為Agaricus blazei Murill ATCC76739。在實驗中,我們探討了使用氣舉式醱酵槽,在巴西蘑菇生長和多醣生成在不同溫度(22℃~34℃)時所造成的影響,和嘗試以溫度轉移(temperature shift)和二階段批次(two-stage Fedbatch)方式來增加巴西蘑菇多醣的生成。結果如下發現:
    以氣舉式在溫度28℃時,巴西蘑菇有最大生長速率(μ= 0.027 1/h)和最大菌體轉換率(Yx/s = 0.776),可是多醣體轉換率並不是最大(Yp/s = 0.044),而是在溫度30℃時,巴西蘑菇才有最大多醣轉換率(Yp/s = 0.054)。而針對此菌體生長和多醣生成不同現象,而以溫度轉移(temperature shift)加饋料(fed-batch),以28℃當作菌體生長溫度,當生長停滯期(stationary phase)時,轉移溫度至30℃,並再饋料一次,發現在第一階段時,菌體轉化率(Yx/s=0.048)遠高於第二階段(Yx/s=0.010),但在此過程中多醣的產率和每一克菌體的多醣生成(Yp/x=0.137)都大於沒有經過溫度轉移(在氣舉式醱酵槽中Yp/x=0.035~0.096 )和二次批次操作過程,所以依第一階段菌體生長(28℃),第二階段多醣生成的觀念(30℃),可增加多醣產量。


    中文摘要…………………………………………………………… I 目錄…………………………………………………………………III 表目錄………………………………………………………………VI 圖目錄………………………………………………………………VII 第一章 前言 1-1 背景………………………………………………1 1-2 研究目的…………………………………………1 第二章 文獻回顧 2-1巴西蘑菇之介紹……………………………………3 2-1-1巴西蘑菇的發現…………………………………3 2-1-2巴西蘑菇的形態特徵與分類地…………………3 2-1-3巴西蘑菇的化學成分…………………….…….4 2-1-4巴西蘑菇的藥理研究……………………………5 2-1-5巴西蘑菇抗氧化物質……………………………7 2-1-6巴西蘑菇多醣體成分……………………………7 2-1-7巴西蘑菇多醣體之中性單醣組成………………8 2-1-8巴西蘑菇多醣構造………………………………9 2-1-9巴西蘑菇生長環境和培植方式…………………11 2-1-10國內外之相關研究……………………………11 2-2在醱酵槽中,一些物理及化學因子對真菌生長形態及多醣生成的影響 2-2-1培養基組成……………………………………………12 2-2-2團塊菌絲球……………………………………………15 2-2-3消泡劑對於真菌絲醣的影響…………………………16 2-2-4反應器對多醣生產之影響……………………………16 2-2-5剪切力與多醣的關係…………………………………17 2-2-6 pH值對於真菌產生多醣的影響…………………….20 2-2-7溫度對菌體與多醣的影響……………………………21 2-2-8溫度轉移………………………………………………24 第三章 材料與方法…………………………………26 3-1 實驗材料………………………………………26 3-1-1巴西蘑菇菌種…………………………………26 3-1-2藥品……………………………………………26 3-2 實驗儀器………………………………………28 3-3 實驗方法………………………………………29 3-4 分析方法………………………………………30 3-5 醱酵操作方實驗方法…………………………33 3-5-1溫度對巴西蘑菇之影響………………………33 3-5-2不同反應器對巴西蘑菇之影響………………34 3-5-3溫度轉移和二次批次培養對醱酵之影響……35 3-5-5實驗方式與結果之簡述………………………36 第四章 結果與討論…………………………………37 4-1 巴西蘑菇菌種觀察……………………………37 4-2 氣舉式反應器外觀與實驗架構………………39 4-3-1 醱酵實驗之再現性…………………………40 4-3-2溫度對巴西蘑菇液態醱酵之影響……………42 4-4同一溫度不同醱酵槽時,液態醱酵的差異性……46 4-5溫度轉移和二次批次方式對的影響………………47 4-6螢光分析的結果……………………………………49 4-7多醣分子量分佈圖比較………………..………53 第五章 結論與建議…………………………………57 參考文獻……………………………………………61

    林秀卿。1999。食藥用菇類之呈味品質和抗氧化性質之評估。國立中興大學食品科學系,碩士論文。台中,台灣。
    岩出亥之助、伊籐。1982。地球社。東京 p 1152。
    吳俊逸。1996。松杉靈芝抗氧化性之研究。國立中興大學食品科學系,碩士論文,台中,台灣。
    張建軍。1995。藥用真菌多醣體成份的分離方法之研究。國立交通大學生物科技所,碩士論文,新竹,台灣。
    黃鈴娟。2000。樟芝與姬松茸之抗氧化性質及其多醣組成分析。國立中興大學食品科學系,碩士論文,台中,台灣。
    黃雅惠。1999。巴西洋菇分子生物鑑定系統研究。國立台灣大學農化系,碩士論文,台北,台灣。
    楊梅、林琳、張其昌。1997。姬松茸菌絲深層培養及胺基酸分析研究。中國食用菌 16:41-42。
    游英欽。1995。以搖瓶振盪及小型醱酵槽培養探討培養基組成及物理化學因子對靈芝多醣生成形態變化的影響。碩士論文,新竹,台灣。
    賴慶亮譯。1997。水野卓 川合正允原著。菇類的化學、生化學。國立編譯館。台北,台灣。
    劉伯康。1997。數種傳統食用植物抗氧化性之研究。國立中興大學食品科學系,碩士論文。台中,台灣。
    Andi/e Morin ,Christine Moresoli , Naralie Rodrigue , Johanne Dumont , Monique Racine and Elyse Poitras.1993.Effect of carbon,nitrogen,and agitation on exopolsaccharide production by Enterobacter agglomerans growth on low-grade maple sap.Enzyme Microb. Technol.,vol. 15,p 500-507.
    A. W. Nienow.1990.Agitators for mycelial fermentation.TIBTECH-AUGUST vol. 8,224-234.
    B. McNeil and B. Kristiansen. 1990 . Temperature effects on polysaccharide formation by Aureobasidium pullulans in stirred tanks。Enzyme Microb. Technol. , vol.12, p 521-526.
    Catley-BJ.The Extracellular Polysaccharide, Pullulan, Produced by Aureobasidium Pullulans - A Relationship Between Elaboration Rate and Morphology.JOURNAL OF GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY 1980, Vol 120, pp 265 —268.
    Chin-hang Shu and Shang-Tian Yang.1990.Effect of Temperature on Cell Growth and Xanthan Production in Batch Cultures of Xanthomonas xampestrisBiotechnology and Bioengineering.vol 35.p 454-468.
    Deed-A and Seviour-R.1989.Formation and Regeneration of Protoplasts of Sclerotium-Glucanicum. APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY. 1989, Vol 31, pp 259-264.
    Desmond-T Lalor-FJ Osullivan-B Ferguson-G.Synthesis, Structure and Properties of Stereochemically Non-Rigid Molybdenum Pyrazolylborato Complexes Containing a Dihapto-Thiocarboxamido Ligan.JOURNAL OF ORGANO METALLIC CHEMISTRY 1990, Vol 381, pp 33-37.
    Deok-Kun Oh,Jung-Hoe Kim,Toshiomi Yoshida.1997.Production of a High Viscosity Polysaccharide, Methylan, in a Novel Bioreactor.Biotechnology and Bioengineering,vol. 54,p 115-121.
    Dosoretz-CG Chen-AHC Grethlein-HE.1990.Effect of Oxygenation Conditions on Submerged Cultures of Phanerochaete-Chrysosporium.APPLIEDMICRO BIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 1990, Vol 34, Iss 1, pp 131-137 .
    Duthie, G. G..1993.Lipod peroxidation. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr..47,p 759-764.
    Fan-chiang Yang and Chun-Bun Liau.1998.The influence of environmental conditions on polysaccharide formation by Ganoderma lucidum in submerged cultures.Process biochemistry , vol. 33 , p 547-553.
    F. Youssef and T. Roukas and C.G. Biliaderis.1999.Pullulan production by a Non pigmented strain of Aureobasidium pullulans using batch and fed-batch culture. Process Biochemistry .34,355-366.
    Heald-PJ Kristiansen-B. Synthesis of Polysaccharide by Yeast Like Forms of Aureobasidium Pullulans. BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING .1985, Vol 27, p1516-1519.
    Humfeld, H..1948.The production of mushroom mycelium Agaricus campestris in submerged culture. Science 107:33。
    II-Soon Suh, Adrian Schumpe, and Wolf-Dieter Deckwer.1992.Xanthan production in Bubble Column and Air-Lift Reactors.Biotechnology and Bioengineering. vol. 39,p 85-94.
    Jose Moreno,M. Angeles Vargas,Hector Olivares,Joaquin Rivas,Miruel G. Guereeo.1998.Exopolysaccharide production by the Cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. ATCC 33047 in batch and continuous culture.Journal of biotechnology 60,pp 175-182.
    Lanson, R. A..1988.The antioxidants of higherplants . Phytochemistry 27.p 969-978.
    Kessler, W. R.,M. K. Popovic and C. W. Robinson.1993.Xanthan Production of an External-circulation —LooP Airlift Fermentater.J. Chem. Eng.71, pp 101-106.
    Kang-X Wanf-Y Harver-LM Mcneil-B,effect of aif-flow rate Synthesis by Sclerotium-Glucanicum in an Aiflift Bireactor with an Internal Loop.BIOPROCESS ENGINEERING 2000, Vol 23,p 69-74.
    Mizuno, T. ,Hagiwara, Y. ,Nakamura, T. ,Ito,H., Shimura, K., Sumiya, T.and Asakura, A..1990.Antitumor activity and some properties of water-soluble polysa ccharides from “Himematsutake”,the fruiting body of Agaricus blazei Murrill. Agric, Biol. Chem. 54.p 2889-2896.
    Mizuno T.,Inagali R.,Kanao T.,Hagiwara T.,Nakamura T.,Ito, H.,Shimura K.,Sumiya T.,and Asakura A..1990.Antiumor activity and some properties of water-insoluble hetero-glycans from “Himematsutake”,the fruiting body of Agaricus blazei Murill。Agric. Biol. Chem.54,p 2897-2905.
    Mizuno, T., Saito, H., Nishitoba, T. and Kawagishi, H..1995.Antiumoractive substance from mushrooms.,Food Rev. Int.,11.p 23-61。
    Nestel. P. J..1995.The role of antiosidants in preventing coronary disease.Suppl. Food Australia.,47.p 28-29.
    Peters, H. U.,Herbst, H.,Hesselink, P. G. M.,Lunsdorf, H., Schumpe, A.,Decker, W.D..1989.The influence of agaitation rate of xanthan production by Xanthomonas campestris.Biotechnol. Bioeng.,Vol 34,p 1394-1397.
    Pons, A.,C. G. Dussap and J. B. Gros.1990.Xanthan Batch Fermentations:compared performances of a Bubble column and a Stirred Tank fermentater.Biopro.Eng.,Vol 5,p 107-114.
    Seviour-RJ and Kristiansen-B.1983.Effect of Ammonium Ion Concentration on Polysaccharide Production by Aureobasidium-Pullulans in Batch Culture.EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY,1983, Vol 17, p 178-181.
    Seviour-RJ Harvey-L Kristiansen-B.Morphology of Aureobasidium-Pullulans During Polysaccharide Elaboration.TRANSACTIONS OF THE BRITISH MYCOLOGICAL SOCIETY 1984, Vol 83, p 350-356.
    Shelly Taurhesia and Brian McNeil.1994.Physicochemical Factors Affecting the Formation of the Biological Response Modifier Scleroglucan.J. chem. Tech. Biotechnol. Vol 59,p 157-163.
    Shin-YC Byun-SM Kim-YH Kim-YN Lee-HS.1987.Production of Pullulan by a Fed-Batch Fermentation.BIOTECHNOLOGY LETTERS 1987, Vol 9, p 621 624.
    Shih-Houng Young and Robert R. Jacobs.1998.Sodium hydroxide-induced conformational change in schizophyllan detected by the fluorescence dye,aniline blue.Carbohydrate Research ,Vol 310,91-99.
    Stasinopoulos-SJ and Seviour-RJ.Stimulation of Exopolysaccharide Production in the Fungus Acremonium-Persicinum with Fatty-Acids . BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING .1990, Vol 36, pp 778-782.
    Thomas, M. J..1995.Therole of gree radicals and antioxidants:how do we know that they are working? Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 35:21-39.
    U. Rau, E. Gura,E. Olszewski and F. Wagner.1992.Enhanced glucan formation of filamentous fungi by effective mixing,oxygen and limintationand fed-batch processing. Journal of Industrial Microbiology, 9 , p 19-26.
    Van Suidam, J. C. and Dusseljee,P. J. B..1987. In Physical Aspects of Bioreactor Performance.p 107-120.
    Wei Zhang and Minoru Seki and Shintaaro Furusaki.1997.Effect of temperature and its shift on growth and anthocyanin production in suspension cultures of strawberry cells.Plant Science 127,207-214.
    Yagi, K..1987.Lipid peroxides and human disease.Chem. Phys. Lipid,45,p 337-341.
    Y. Wang and B. McNeil.1995, Effect of temperature on scleroglucan synthesis and
    organic acid production by Sclerotium glucanicum。Enzyme and Microbial Technology 17,p 893-899.
    Zhang, J.,Wang, G.,Li, H.,Zhuang, C.,Mizuno, T., Ito, H.,Suzuki, C., Okamoto, H. and Li, J..1994.Antiumor polysaccharides from a Chinese mushroom ”Yuhuangomo”,the fruiting body of Pleurotus citrinopileatus. Biosci. Biotech. Biochem.,58,p 1195-1202.

    QR CODE
    :::