由於氣候變遷、環保意識抬頭，電力市場的經營必須兼顧經濟與環保方能提升整體競爭力以永續經營。本論文提出天然氣發電廠考量經濟因素與二氧化碳及氮氧化物排放等環保因素之最佳化調度模式，首先以機組效率試驗資料分別建構發電燃料成本、二氧化碳排放、氮氧化物排放等數學模型此模型為連續多項式函數，利用拉格朗日乘數法及粒子群演算法具有設定參數少及收斂速度快等特點來最佳化數學模型，求取最小燃料成本及最小排放量之單目標調度模式，再以雙目標妥協法建構兼顧經濟與環保之電力調度策略。研究結果顯示各機組運轉之污染排放量分析可作為氣渦輪機燃燒調校的決策參考。在電力調度上本文除以固定負載分析外，亦以實際一日負載需求驗證所提出之經濟及排放減量調度理念。其中以燃料成本為調度目標可日減燃料成本七十九萬元（相當於效率提升0.51 %）、二氧化碳排放量1018.3 ton（3.88 %）、氮氧化物排放量171.4 kg（1.42 %）之成效；另一方面，若以氮氧化物排放為調度目標則可日減氮氧化物排放量536.7 kg （4.44 %）、減少燃料成本五十點六萬元（相當於效率提升0.37%）、二氧化碳排放量減少888.8 ton（3.39 %）。此外，若以二氧化碳排放為調度目標則可達日減二氧化碳排放量1538.9 ton（5.86%）之效果，但燃料成本增加二十八點五萬元（相當於效率降低0.21 %）且氮氧化物排放量增加1738 kg（14.37 %）；因此運轉決策者可依據上述結果，視實際需求擬定運轉調度策略，以達到同時兼顧經濟與環保的電力調度規劃目的。

Due to the concerns of climate change and the rise of environmental protection consciousness, operation of electricity-generation system should take economics and environmental protection into account to achieve better overall competitiveness and sustainable management. This thesis proposes an optimal dispatch model by considering fuel consumption and environmental factors including CO2 and NOx emissions from a natural gas power plant. At first, a mathematical model considering the cost of fuel, CO2 and NOx emission was constructed by compiling the information collected during efficiency testing. The output pf this model is a continuous polynomial function. Next, it uses Lagrange Multiplier Method and Particle Swarm Optimization with less parameters and higher convergence speed to optimize the mathematical mode by obtaining the minimum fuel cost or minimum pollutant emissions. The single objective dispatch mode is then further developd to take economics and environmental protection into account and works as a dual-objective compromise method. The results indicate that analysis of pollutants emitted from each unit can be regarded as a strategic decision parameter of gas turbine combustion tuning. In addition to fixed load analysis, the concept of minimizing fuel cost and pollutant emissions can be adopted for power dispatching by considing actual load demand. The results indicate that optimization of fuel cost as the dispatching objective can reduce the daily fuel cost by seven hundred ninety thousand NT dollars (equivalent to rise up 0.51% of efficiency), CO2 emission is reduced by 1018.3 ton (3.88%), and NOx emission is reduced by 171.4 kg (1.42%). On the other hand, optimization with NOx emission as the daily dispatching objective can reduce daily NOx emission by 536.7 kg (4.44%) and decrease fuel cost by five hundred and six thousand NT dollars (equivalent to 0.37% of efficiency increase) and reduce CO2 emission by 888.8 ton (3.39%). Furthermore, optimization with CO2 emission as the dispatching objective would reduce the daily CO2 emission by 1538.9 ton (5.86%), but fuel cost is increased by two hundred eighty-five thousand NT dollars (equivalent to 0.21% of efficiency reduction) and NOx emission is increased by 1738 kg (14.37%). Therefore, the decision maker can take these results and draw up the operation dispatching strategy by considering actual load demand to achieve the best power dispatch mode by considering both economic and environmental factors.

Abdullah M. N., Bakar A. H. A., Rahim N. A., Mokhlis H., Tan C. K., ” Implementation of Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization for Combined Economic-Emission Load Dispatch Problem”, Power Engineering and Optimization Conference (PEOCO), 2014 IEEE 8th International, pp. 402-407, Langkawi, Malaysia, March 2014.
Biswas R. S. and Chakraborty N., ” Tuned Reactive Power Dispatch Through Modified Differential Evolution Technique”, Frontiers in Energy, Volume 6, Issue 2, pp. 138-147, May 2012.
Chang H. C., Kuo C. C., Jiang J. L., Lu S. A., ” Generation Dispatch Strategy under Environment Protection Consideration”, 2011 IEEE/ACM International Conference, Green Computing and Communications (GreenCom), pp. 242-247, Sichuan, China, August 2011.
Dixit G. P., Dubey H. M., Pandit M., Panigrahi B. K., ” Artificial Bee Colony Optimization for Combined Economic Load and Emission Dispatch”, International Conference, Sustainable Energy and Intelligent Systems, pp. 340-345, Chennai, India, July 2011.
Eberhart R. C. and Kennedy J., “A New Optimizer Using Particle Swarm Theory”, IEEE International Conference, 1995. MHS '95., Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Micro Machine and Human Science, pp. 39-43, Nagoya, Japan, October 1995.
Glover J. D., Sarma M. S., Overbye T. J., Power System Analyses and Design, 4th Edition, Cengage Learning, Boston, 2007.
Grainger J. J. and Stevenson W. D., Power System Analyses, Mc-Graw Hill Science, New York, 1994.
Hossein D., Lotfjou C. A., Shahidehpour M., Li Z. Y., ”Mixed Integer Programming Method to Solve Security Constrained Unit Commitment with Restricted Operating Zone Limits”, 2008 IEEE Internation Conference on Electro/Information Technology, pp.187-192, 2008.
Jayabarathi T., Bahl P., Harsha O., Afshin Y., Ramesh V., “A Hybrid BFA-PSO Algorithm for Economic Dispatch with Valve-Point Effects”, Frontiers in Energy, Volume 6, Issue 2, pp. 155-163, Jun 2012.
Jayabarathi T., Yazdani A., Ramesh V., “Application of the Invasive Weed Optimization Algorithm to Economic Dispatch Problems”, Frontiers in Energy, Volume 6, Issue 3, pp. 255-259, September 2012.
Kennedy J. and Eberhar R. C., “Particle Swarm Optimization”, IEEE Proceedings International Conference on Neural Networks, Volume 4, pp 1942-1948, Perth, Australia, November 1995.
Lefebvre A. H., “Gas Turbine Combustion”, 2nd Edition, Taylor & Francis, Britain, 1998.
Li Z., Zhao J. G., Han X. S., Yang P. P., ”A New Approach for Security Constrained Unit Commitment”, 2006 Internation Conference on Power System Technology, pp.1-6, 2006.
Muslu M., “Economic Dispatch with Environmental Considerations: Tradeoff Curves and Emission Reduction Rates”, Electric Power Systems Research, Volume 71, Issue 2, pp. 153-158, October 2004.
Saadat H., Power System Analyses, 3rd Edition, PSA Publishing, New York, 2010.
Rahmat N. A., Musirin I., Abidin A. F., Jumaat S. A., Wan Abdul Munim W. N. “Solving Fuzzy Combined-Emission Dispatch by Using Differential Evolution Immunized Ant Colony Optimization Technique” 2013 IEEE Jordan Conference on Applied Electrical Engineering and Computing Technologies (AEECT) , pp. 1-6, Amman, Jordan, July 2013.
Selvakumar A. I. and Thanushkodi K., “A New Particle Swarm Optimization Solution to Nonconvex Economic Dispatch Problems”, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Volume 22, Issue 1, pp. 42-51, February 2007.
Sepulveda R. and Lazo P., “A Solution to the Optimal Power Flow Using Simulated Annealing”, Electrical Power Energy Systems, Volume 25, Issue 1, pp. 47-57, January 2003.
Singh N. and Kumar Y., ” Economic Load Dispatch with Environmental Emission Using MRPSO”, Advance Computing Conference (IACC), 2013 IEEE 3rd International, pp. 995-999, Ghaziabad, India, Feb. 2013.
Subramanian S. and Ganesan S., ” Economic Thermal Power Dispatch Solutions Using Sequential Approach with Matrix Framework”, International Journal of Electrical Engineering, Volume 17, Issue 4, pp. 295-308, August 2010.
Venkatesh P. and Lee K. Y., ”Multi-Objective Evolutionary Programming for Economic Emission Dispatch Problem”, Power and Energy Society General Meeting - Conversion and Delivery of Electrical Energy in the 21st Century, 2008 IEEE, pp. 1-8, Pittsburgh, America, July 2008.
Zeldovich Y. B., “The Oxidation of Nitrogen in Combustion and Explosions” Acta Physicochimica URSS, Volume 21, Issue 4, pp. 577-628, 1947.
Zhang A. G., Zhang J. H., Shang J. F., Qin J. L., ” Security and Economic Dispatch of Power System with Environmental Consideration”, Power & Energy Society General Meeting, 2009. PES '09. IEEE, pp. 1-6, Calgary, Canada, July 2009.
台灣電力公司：103年度溫室氣體排放盤查及計算準則第1版，民國104年1月15日。
田丁財、呂明鐘、鄭天德、林坤泉、邱吉生、曾俊傑等，「電廠經濟調度之策略—以南部電廠為例」，台電工程月刊，第794期，27~47頁，民國103年10月。
行政院環境保護署，溫室氣體排放統計，行政院環境保護署溫檢管理室，台北，民國104年。
李維平、王雅賢、江正文，「粒子群最佳化演算法改良之研究」，科學與工程技術期刊，第四卷，第二期，51~62頁，民國97年6月。
胡宗豪、吳進忠、蔡金助、黃維鋼、徐琨瑋，「台灣電力系統日前市場最佳化程式開發」，台電工程月刊，第796期，104~115頁，民國103年12月。
張民賢，「STAGE II 之TOPHAT NOZZLE 降低 NOx之相關原理與控制」，發電廠內部簡報，民國97年7月。
張振松，「結合基因演算法和模擬退火法在機組排程決策之應用」，資訊管理展望，第七卷第二期，113~136頁，民國94年10月。
張景逵，「基於碳排放考量下之經濟調度規劃」，國立台灣科技大學，碩士論文，民國102年。
黃昭明、陳昶志、劉文淵，「邁向潔淨電網之規劃策略與運轉控制之研究－考慮電源端最佳潔淨發電調度與多目標即時調度決策支援系統之建立」，行政院國家科學委員會專題研究計畫成果報告，1~8頁，民國99年9月。
陳俊隆，「懲罰函數-直接搜尋法應用於考慮環保限制之經濟調度」，技術學刊，第二十一卷第二期，135~143頁，民國95年6月。
經濟部能源局：我國燃料燃燒二氧化碳排放統計，民國100年6月，取自http://verity.erl.itri.org.tw/EIGIC/images/energy/knowledge/co2- trend-100.pdf。
鄭志文，「流體化床燃煤鍋爐空氣污染物及二氧化碳排放特性研究」，國立中央大學，碩士論文，民國98年。