| 研究生: |
林柏任 Po-jen Lin |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
基本工資對受雇勞工的影響分析 An Analysis of the Impact of Minimum Wages on Employed Workers in Taiwan |
| 指導教授: |
單驥
Gee San |
| 口試委員: | |
| 學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱: |
管理學院 - 產業經濟研究所 Graduate Institute of Industrial Economics |
| 論文出版年: | 2014 |
| 畢業學年度: | 102 |
| 語文別: | 中文 |
| 論文頁數: | 160 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | 基本工資 、受雇勞工 、消費水準 、農戶 |
| 外文關鍵詞: | Minimum salary, mployment of labor, consumption and expenditure levels, farmers |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:35 下載:0 |
| 分享至: |
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勞委會於民國102年4月時公佈,基本工資月薪部份由原訂新台幣18,780元調整至新台幣19,047元;另於103年時,將基本工資時薪部份亦再調整至115元。本研究旨在分析,在目前基本工資水準下,各受雇之勞工族群(依年齡、學歷、性別、職業別、行業別、企業規模別等區分)其領取基本工資的涵蓋率分佈情形;此外,並進一步分析,當基本工資水準進一步調升時,不同背景下的受雇勞工領取基本工資涵蓋率可能的變動情況,用以評估基本工資調整時的衝擊及影響。
本研究以三大資料庫(人力資源運用調查、受雇人員薪資調查、家庭收支調查)所提供的受雇勞工資料為研究對象。由家庭收支調查資料庫的資料可分析,台灣各行政區內農戶與非農戶間所對應的消費水準分佈概況,研究結果顯示:台灣各行政區內農戶與非農戶間所對應的消費水準存有相當大的差距。另受雇人員薪資調查資料庫及人力資源運用調查的分析結果顯示,當基本工資水準調升時,對於女性勞工、青少年勞工、低學歷勞工、及中小型企業受雇者衝擊較大,尤其值得重視。為此,本研究建議,基本工資調整時,宜特別重視它對弱勢勞工族群可能產生的不利影響;此外,亦可考慮訂定地區別的基本工資率,以回應目前台灣雖不大,但各行政區間消費水準差異卻很大的事實。
In April 2013 , Council of Labor Affairs (CLA) of Taiwan announced a minimum wage hike from NT$ 18,780 to NT$ 19,047, as well as an adjustment of the minimum hourly wage to NT$115 in 2014. This thesis analyzes the possible impact of low wage employees with varying backgrounds (age, education level, gender, occupation and industry) who will likely to be covered by such minimum wages policy. It also looks into the impact on these employees if the minimum wages hike were to be introduced to a higher level.
Three major official surveys data were utilized to study the impact , namely , Manpower Utilization Survey, Family Income and Expenditure Survey and Employees' Earnings Survey. The result of Employees' Earnings Survey enables us to understand the income distribution and family expenditure among those farmers and non-farmers families who locate in various administration regions in Taiwan. The result of this survey shows that there is a significant difference in family expenditure for workers in farmer and non-farmers families and in different administration regions in Taiwan. In addition , from the result of The Manpower Utilization Survey and Family Income and Expenditure Survey, this study has shown that the minimum wages hike has a greater and adverse impact on female workers, young workers, low-level educated workers and employee of Small & Medium Firm Enterprises (SME).As such,this study a suggests differential regional minimum wages can be considered for different regions in Taiwan so as to correspond to the wide consumption gaps among the various regions as witnessed in this study.
中文部分:
[1] 林忠正、陳淑美 (1991),「基本工資之調整評估及近年來薪資與生產力互動關係之研究」,中華民國行政院勞工委員會委託台灣經濟研究院研究報告。
[2] 江美玲 (1987),「基本工資的制訂對勞動市場的影響」,國立政治大學經濟學系碩士論文,未出版。
[3] 江豐富 (2007),「2007年基本工資調整對經濟影響之初探」,《台灣勞工雙月刊》,第八期,74-82頁。
[4] 李怡萱 (2004),「基本工資與青少年就業之探討」,銘傳大學經濟學系碩士論文,未出版。
[5] 李曉娟 (2008),「2007年基本工資調整之影響評估-以傳統小吃業為例」,國立中央大學產業經濟研究所碩士論文,未出版。
[6] 陳玉豐 (2003),「基本工資計算公式之研究」,行政院勞委會自行研究報告。
[7] 黃仁德 (1995),「台灣地區基本工資對勞動市場的衝擊效果評估」,《勞資關係論叢》,第三期,29-56頁。
[8] 黃仁德、姜樹翰 (1998),「基本工資對台灣青少年就業的影響」,《台灣經濟學會年會論文集》,241-272頁。
[9] 單驥 (1990),《基本工資之釐訂與檢討》,中華經濟研究院,台北市。
[10] 單驥 (1997),「基本工資政策對台灣勞動市場就業衝擊之評估」,國科會研究報告。
[11] 詹潔珍 (2008),「調整基本工資對台灣勞動市場的影響之實證研究」,世新大學經濟學系碩士論文,未出版。
[12] 羅明華 (2009),「2007年基本工資調整之影響-以便利商店及加油站為例」,國立中央大學產業經濟研究所碩士論文,未出版。
[13] 單驥、廖建富 (1999),「薪資差異對外籍勞工與國內生產要素需求之影響」,《經社法制論叢》,第二十三期,255-269頁。
[14] 梁發進、孫金蘭(1993),「基本工資調整後之影響,評估及台灣地區基本工資與外及勞工互動關係之研究」,行政院勞委會委託研究報告。
英文部分:
[1] Brown, C., Gilroy, C. & Kohen, A. (1982), “The Effect of The Minimum Wage on Employment and Unemployment,” Journal of Economic Literature, 20(2), 487-528.
[2] Card, D. (1992), “Do minimum wages reduce employment? A case study of California,” Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 46(1), 38-54.
[3] Danziger, L. (2010), “Endogenous monopsony and the perverse effect of the minimum wage in small firms,” Labour Economics, 17(1), 224-229.
[4] Gavrel, F., Lebon, I. & Rebière, T. (2012), “Minimum wage, on-the-job search and employment: On the sectoral and aggregate equilibrium effect of the mandatory minimum wage,” Economic Modelling, 29(3), 691-699.
[5] Owens, M. F. & Kagel, J. H. (2010), “Minimum wage restrictions and employee effort in incomplete labor markets: An experimental investigation,” Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 73(3), 317-326.
[6] Sabia, J. J., Burkhause, R. V. & Hansen, B. (2012), “Are the effects of minimum wage increases always small? New evidence from a case study of New York,” Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 65(2), 350-376.
[7] Slonimczyk, F. & Skott, P. (2012), “Employment and distribution effects of the minimum wage,” Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 84(1), 245-264.
[8] Wang, X. (2012), “When workers do not know-The behavioral effects of minimum wage laws revisited,” Journal of Economic Psychology, 33(5), 951-962.
[9] Warren, J. R. & Hamrock, C. (2010), “The Effect of Minimum Wage Rates on High School Completion,” Social Forces, 88(3), 1379-1392.