本研究目的基於「一位優秀的作業人才，未必就是一位優秀的管理人才」，管理人員的升遷與發展必須根據其管理才能的表現，而不是視其績效的成績表現，而給予員工晉升至管理階級。本研究試圖應用才能模式，針對個案公司加以建構出影響主管人員績效的管理核心才能評鑑量表。
本研究透過文獻分析、深度訪談、以及工作分析等方式，找出個案公司主管人員所需的管理核心才能，並且根據此結果發展出主管管理核心才能評鑑量表。本量表共有五個分量表，包括︰領導群組、人際群組、專業群組、認知群組、以及規劃群組等計有97題。以個案公司為母體，透過三百六十度的評核方式進行，共發出1000份問卷，回收有效問卷685份，回收率為68.50％。再進行統計分析之檢測量表信、效度，結果顯示各分量表內部一致性係數（信度）介於.95∼.96之間，而效度係數則介於.41∼.51之間，由此可見，本核心評鑑量表具備良好的信、效度。經統計分析後，所建構「管理核心才能評鑑量表」計有81題，5個分量表。
最後，經由迴歸分析的檢驗，驗證出本量表對於管理人員的工作績效具有顯著的影響，亦即顯示出本研究之評鑑量表具備能夠區別普通績效者與優秀績效者間的關係。而在自、他評關係的結果，則顯示他評的效果明顯優於自評的結果。本研究建議對於主管的晉升、或非主管晉升至主管時，可以採用本量表以作為客觀的評核標準。

一、中文部份
何永福、楊國安（民84），人力資源策略管理，台北︰三民書局。
吳秉恩（民88），分享式人力資源管理，台北︰翰蘆圖書出版有限公司。
林清山（民82），心理與教育統計學，台北：東華書局。
林惠霞（民85），台北市政府管理才能發展需求評估之研究，台北︰國立中興大學公共行政研究所未出版之碩士論文。
張春興（民86），心理學，台北︰東華書局。
張裕隆（民87），我國「管理才能評鑑工具」發展及信效度分析研究，國科會專題研究報告。
張裕隆、葛門（民86），心理測驗在預測壽險經理人員績效上之應用，人力資源學報，第八期，pp.19-31。
張紹勳、林秀娟（民84），SPSS For Window 統計分析─初等統計與高等統計（上、下冊），台北：松崗圖書。
莊朝正（民87），管理才能評鑑量表之建立─以某高科技公司為例，桃園︰中央大學人力資源管理研究所未出版之碩士論文。
許士軍（民83），管理學，台北︰東華書局。
郭乃瑋（民88），探討影響員工對三百六十度績效評估態度之因素，台北︰東吳大學企業管理學系碩士班未出版之碩士論文。
陳順宇（民87），多變量分析，台北︰華泰書局。
葛樹人（民80），心理測驗學，台北：桂冠圖書公司。
劉岡憬（民87），以360度回饋探討主管人員自他評一致性與領導效能關係之實證研究，台北︰國立政治大學心理研究所未出版之碩士論文。
潘清泉（民83），人事考核︰評價與培育，台北︰超越企管顧問股份有限公司。
二、英文部份
Ashford, S. J., (1989),“Self-assessments in organizations: a literature review and integrative model”, Research in Organizational Behavior, pp.113-174.
Bandura, A., (1978),“The self system in reciprocal determinism”, American Psychologist,33, pp.348-358.
Becker, T. E., & Klimoski, R. J., (1989).“A field study of the relationship between the organizational feedback environment and performance”, Personnel Psychology, pp.343-358.
Bernardin, H. J., (1986),“Subordinate appraisal: a valuable source of information about managers”, Human Resource Management, pp.421-439.
Blancero, D., Boroski, J., & Dyer, L., (1996),“Key competencies for a transformed human resource organization: Results of a field study”, Human Resource Management, pp.383-403.
Borman, C. W., (1997),“3600 ratings: An analysis of assumptions and a research agenda for evaluating their validity”,Human Resource Management Review, pp.299-315.
Boulter, N., Dalziel, M., & Hill, J., (1996), People and Competencies, N.Y.: Kogan Page.
Boyatzis, D., (1982), The Competence Manager: A Model For Effective Performance, N.Y.: John Wiley & Son.
Bratton, A. D.,（1998）,“Develop a framework of core competencies”, Credit Union Magazine, pp.17-18.
Campbell, D. J., & Lee, C., (1988),“Self-appraisal in performance evaluation: development versus evaluation”, Academy of Management Review, pp.302-314.
Cascio, W. F., (1995), Managing Human Resources, N.Y.: McGraw-Hill.
Cascio, W. F., (1998), Applied Psychology in Personnel Management, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Cortina, J. M., (1993),“What is Coefficient Alpha? An examination of theory and application”, Journal of Applied Psychology, pp.98-104.
Cooper, R., ＆ Schindler, S., (1998), Business Research Methods, N.Y.: McGraw-Hill, Inc.
Dalton, M. (1997),“Are competency models a waste?”, Training and Development, pp.46-49.
Dalton, M. (1997),“Are competency models a waste?”, Training and Development, pp.46-49.
Dessler, G., (1996), Human Resource Management, N.J.: Prentice Hall, Inc.
Edmund, J., (1996) “Designing Succession Systems for New Competitive Realities” , Human Resource Planning, pp.31-37.
Fleenor, J., McCauley, C., & Brutus, S., (1996)“Self-other rating agreement and leader effectiveness”, Leadership Quarterly, pp.487-506.
Fox, S., & Dinur, Y., (1988),“Validity of Self-assessment: A field evaluation”, Personnel Psychology, pp.581-592.
Gatewood, D. R., & Field, S. H., (1998), Human Resource Selection, Orlando, FL: The Dryden Press.
Ghiselli, E., (1971) Exploration in Managerial Talent, N.Y.: McGraw-Hill Inc.
Guglieliemino, P. J., (1979),“Developing the top-level executive for the 1980’s and beyond”, Training and Development, pp.12-14.
Hamel, G., & Heene, A., (1994) Competence-Based Completion, N.Y.: John Wiley & Sons.
Harris, M. M., & Schaubroeck, J., (1988),“A mate-analysis of self-supervisor, self-peer, and peer-supervisor ratings”, Personnel Psychology, pp.43-62.
Hazucha, J. F., Hezlett, S. A., & Schneider, R. J., (1993)“The impact of 360-degree feedback on management skills development”, Human Resource Management, pp.325-351.
Kaplan, M., ＆ Saccuzzo, P., (1997), Psychological Testing, Phoenix: Color Corporation, Inc.
Katz, R. L., (1955),“Skill of an effective administrator”, Harvard Business Review,33, pp.33-42.
Kochanski, T. J., & Ruse, H. D., (1996),“Designing a competency-based human resources organization”, Human Resource Management, pp.19-33.
Kochanski, T. J., (1996),“Introduction to special issue on human resource competencies”, Human Resource Management, pp.3-6.
Landy, F., & Farr, J., (1980)“Performance rating”, Psychological Bulletin, pp.72-107.
Lawson, T. E., & Limbrick, V., (1996),“Critical competencies and developmental experiences for top HR executives”, Human Resource Management, pp.67-85.
Matz, J. E., (1998),“Designing succession system for new competitive realities”, Human Resource Planning, pp.31-37.
McEvoy, G. M., & Beatty, R. W., (1989),“Assessment centers and subordinate appraisals of managers: a seven-year examination of predictive validity”, Personnel Psychology, pp.37-52.
McCall, M. W., & Lombardo, M. M., & Morrison, A. M., (1988), The Lessons of Experience: How Successful Executives Develop on the Job, Lexington MA: Lexington Books.
McClelland, D. C., (1973),“Testing for competence rather than for intelligence”, American Psychologist, pp.1-24.
Meyer, H. H., (1993),“The annual performance review discussion: Making it constructive”, Personnel Journal, 56, pp.508-511.
Miborrow, G., (1988),“Crafty management”, Management Today, p.5.
Middlemist, E., (1981), Organizational Behavior: Applied Concepts, Chicago: Science Research Association.
Milkovich, T. G., & Boundreau, W. J., (1997), Human Resource Management, Boston MA: Richard D. Irwin.
Milkovich, T. G., & Newman, M. J., (1999), Compensation, N.Y.: McGraw-Hill.
Moulton, H. W., (1993), Executive Development: Preparing for the 21st Century, N.Y.︰Oxford University Press.
Murphy, R., ＆ Davidshofer, O., (1994), Psychological Testing, New Jersey︰Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Nisbett, R. E., & Wilson, T. D., (1977),“Telling more than we can know: Verbal reports on mental processes”, Psychological Review, pp.231-259.
Nunnally, J. C., (1978), Psychometric Theory, N.Y.︰McGraw-Hill.
O’Neal, M. A., (1985),“Managerial skills and values: for today and tomorrow”, Personnel, p50.
Parry, B. S., (1998),“Just what is a competency?”, Training, pp.58-64.
Quinn, E. R., (1988), Beyond Rational Management, San Francisco : Jossey Bass.
Quinn, E. R., Faerman, R. S., Thompson, P. M., & Mcgrath R. M., (1990), Becoming a Master Manager: A Competency Framework, N.Y.: John Wiley & Son.
Ralelin, J. A., & Cooledge, A. S., (1995),“From generic to organic competencies”, Human Resource Planning, pp.24-33.
Raymond, A. N., (1999), Employee Training & Development, N.Y.︰McGraw-Hill.
Reynolds, A., (1993), The Trainer’s Dictionary: HRD Terms, Abbreviations, Acronyms, HRD Press.
Robbins, A. P., (1993), Organizational Behavior, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Rothwell, W. J., & Kazanas, H. C., (1993), The Complete AMA Guide to Management Development, NY: American Management Association.
Rowland, K. M., Ferris, G. R., & Sherman, J. L., (1983), Current Issue in Personnel Management, Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
Prahalad, C. K., & Hammel, G., (1990),“The core competence of the corporation”, Harvard Business Review, pp.79-91.
Sevy, B. A., Olson, R. D., McGuire, D. P., Fraser, M., & Paajanen, G., (1985), Management Skills Profile Research Report and Technical Manual, Minneapolis MN: Personnel Decision, Inc.
Sherman, Bohlander, & Chruden,（1988）, Managing Human Resources, , N.Y.: John Wiley & Son.
Shore, L. M., & Thornton, G. C., (1986),“Effects of gender on self and supervisory ratings”, Academy of Management Journal, pp.115-129.
Spencer, L., ＆ Spencer, M., (1993), Competence At Work: Models for Superior Performance, N.Y.: John Wiley＆Sons, Inc.
Thornton, G. C., (1980),“Psychometric properties of self-appraisals of job performance”, Personnel Psychology, pp.262-271.
Tornow, W., (1993)“Perceptions or reality: Is multi-perspective measurement a means or an end”, Human Resource Management, pp.221-230.
Wernimont, P., & Campbell, J., (1968),“Sign, samples, and criteria”, Journal of Applied Psychology, pp.372-376.
Wexley, K. N., & Baldwin, T. T., (1986),“Management development”, Journal of Management, pp.274-294.
Wexley, K. N., & Baldwin, T. T., (1986),“Management development”, Journal of Management, pp.274-294.
Yammarino, F. J., & Atwater, L. E., (1993),“Understanding self-perception accuracy: Implication for human resource management”, Human Resource Management, pp.231-249.
Yeung, K. A., (1996),“Competencies for HR professionals: An interview with Richard E. Boyatzis”, Human Resource Management, pp.119-131.
Yukl, G. A., (1987),“A new taxonomy for integrating diverse perspectives on managerial behavior”, American Psychological Association Meeting, New York.
Yukl, G. A., (1989),“Managerial leadership: A new of theory and research”, Journal of Management, pp.251-289.
Zeme, R., & Zemke, S., (1999),“Putting competencies to work”, Training, pp.70-76.