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研究生： 陳建宏
Chien-Hung Chen
論文名稱： 導電高分子應用在印刷電路板層間微孔內連結製作方法之研究
指導教授： 楊思明
Sze-Ming Yang
口試委員:
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工學院 - 化學工程與材料工程學系
Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering
畢業學年度： 96
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 80
中文關鍵詞： 導電高分子 、聚苯胺 、印刷電路板
外文關鍵詞： PCB, polyaniline, conducting polymer
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    • 微孔（Microvias）的導通技術於印刷電路板當中一直是個被熱門討論的話題之一。本研究主要是利用印刷電路板於鍍通孔(Plated
    Through Hole , PTH)的技術中, 除膠渣(Desmear)製程中所使用到的高錳酸鹽做為氧化劑,於非導體的材質環氧樹脂和玻璃纖維表面上化學合成導電高分子聚苯胺，更利用聚苯胺在ES態（Emeraldine salt）和LM態（Leucoemeraldine Base）不同的還原能力在其表面將鈀離子和銅離子還原，並探討其在化學鍍銅或導電高分子製程中的可行性。
    實驗鑑定上，藉由SEM影像分析玻纖樹脂表面經除膠渣後的表面形態，由EDX分析進行表面成份的鑑定，再藉由ESCA偵測束縛能了解樣品表面元素價態的情況，最後透過FT-IR鑑定在玻纖樹脂表面上合成的產物是否為聚苯胺。另外，在金屬還原部分藉由SEM分析觀察金屬顆粒分別沉積在ES態和LM態聚苯胺上的現象，在由EDX分析進行表面成份的鑑定，最後再以四點碳針去量測聚苯胺及金屬複合物的導電度。

    The Plate Through Hole（PTH）technology is always one of the popular topics in the printed circuit board. In this study, we use the permanganate which generates an oxidation layer to polymerize aniline on the surface of epoxy resin and glass fiber of the printed circuit board to form polyaniline. Furthermore, palladium and copper ions are deposited from salt solutions by the different reducing abilities of emeradine salt (ES) and leucoemeradine base (LB) forms of polyaniline.
    The surface morphology is studied by SEM, the formation of palladium and copper are identified from EDX analysis. The distribution of metals is obtained from EDX mapping. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is employed for the characterization of surface compositions and chemical states of the manganese. XPS results show that MnO2 was formed on the surface of printed circuit board. FT-IR spectra indicate that polyaniline is formed on the surface of printed circuit board by the reaction between aniline and MnO2 on the surface. SEM photographs and EDX mapping results show that the deposition of Pd and Cu occurred more efficiently on the LB form than the ES form of polyaniline. We also measure the conductivity of PANI/metal composites material by Four-Point Conductive measurements and show high conductivity (＞1.6×104 Scm-1) of the composite formed from LB compared to those formed from ES (6.12 Scm-1).

    目錄 摘要……………Ⅰ 目錄……………Ⅱ 表目錄……………Ⅲ 圖目錄……………Ⅶ 第一章 緒論……………1 第二章 文獻回顧…………… 3 2.1 電路板非導體表面金屬化技術……………3 2.1.1 通孔電鍍製程 ……………3 2.1.2 碳黑、石墨導體系統……………6 2.1.3 鈀金屬系統…………… 8 2.1.4 導電高分子系統……………10 2.2 聚苯胺……………11 2.2.1 簡介……………11 2.2.2 聚苯胺的結構……………13 2.2.3 聚苯胺之化學合成……………16 2.2.4 聚合機構及氧化還原機制……………17 2.2.5 聚苯胺紅外線光譜分析…………… 19 2.2.6 聚苯胺的應用……………21 2.3 聚苯胺與金屬奈米複合材料……………24 2.3.1 簡介……………24 2.4 研究動機與目的 ……………29 第三章 實驗部分……………30 3.1 藥品…………… 30 3.2 儀器…………… 31 3.3 實驗方法……………32 3.3.1 苯胺單體的純化……………32 3.3.2 試片的前處理 ……………32 3.3.3 聚苯胺的合成……………33 3.3.4 聚苯胺與金屬複合材料的合成……………35 3.4 實驗分析儀器…………… 37 3.4.1 霍式轉換紅外光譜儀（Fourier Transform-Infrared Spectrophotometer，FT-IR)………………………………37 3.4.2 低真空掃描式電子顯微鏡（Low Vaccum Scanning Electron Microscope，LV-SEM)……………………………………37 3.4.3 光電子能譜儀(Auger/ESCA)………………………………37 3.4.4 四點探針導電度儀測試（Four Point Conductive Meter）…38 第四章 結果與討論………… ………………………………………….39 4.1 化學合成聚苯胺膜 ……………………………………………39 4.1.1膨潤效果的SEM影像分析…………………………………39 4.1.2去膠渣效果的SEM影像分析……………………………….42 4.1.3化學合成聚苯胺之紅外光分析 ……………………………48 4.2 以聚苯胺薄膜為還原劑，將銅離子還原成銅…………………50 4.2.1 ES態聚苯胺的SEM影像分析…………………………………50 4.2.2 LM態聚苯胺的SEM影像分析…………………………………53 4.3 以化學銅製程，將銅還原在聚苯胺表面上……………………56 4.3.1 ES態聚苯胺………………………………………………….56 4.3.2 LM態聚苯胺………………………………………………….61 4.4 聚苯胺及金屬複合材料在樹脂板上之導電度分析…………..65 第五章 總結論… …………………………………………………………69 第六章 未來發展 …………………………………………………………70 參考文獻 …………………………………………………………………71

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