Ka/K-Band立方衛星通訊酬載設計、實現及驗證於MPSoC高通量軟體定義無線電平台

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研究生：	邱冠博 Kuan-Po Chiu
論文名稱：	Ka/K-Band立方衛星通訊酬載設計、實現及驗證於MPSoC高通量軟體定義無線電平台 The Design, Implementation and Verification of High-Throughput Software-Defined Radio with MPSoC as a Ka/K-Band Communication Payload for CubeSats
指導教授：	林映岑 Ying-Tsen Lin 陳逸民 Yih-Min Chen
口試委員:
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	地球科學學院 - 太空科學與工程學系 Department of Space Science and Engineering
論文出版年：	2024
畢業學年度：	112
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	156
中文關鍵詞：	LEO 低軌道衛星、立方衛星、通訊酬載、軟體定義無線電
外文關鍵詞：	LEO satellite communication, high-throughput satellite
相關次數：	點閱：15 下載：0
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隨著5G-NTN以及星鏈的發展，低軌道衛星通訊成為熱門的研究項目。而衛星對地端的閘口(Gateway)是連接用戶到中央伺服器的骨幹網路連接口，對資料傳輸帶寬有極大的要求，因此通常使用高頻率的波段作為載波。而Ka波段通訊酬載，在提供高速數據傳輸能力的同時，通常對功耗跟衛星載體空間有一定的要求，主要適用於較大的衛星。
因此在此研究中，專注於設計和實現一種專為CubeSat上的Ka波段微型軟體定義無線電（MSDR）。通訊協定符合DVB-S2標準，具有高傳輸容量以及可變傳輸率等特色，以因應不同的通道環境，另外也實現了線性階頻率調制（LSFM）模式，提供超低發射功率下的可靠傳輸。此外，該研究基於Xilinx MPSoC以及ADI ADRV9009作為基頻處理單元，並搭配Ka/K波段的升降頻以及功率放大器，模組化軟硬體設計可輕鬆應用於未來的任務。此SDR為低地球軌道（LEO）中的CubeSat星座提供寬頻通信的可能性。

Ka-Band communication payloads, enabling high-rate data transmission, typically require higher power consumption, are mostly more suitable for larger satellites. This research focuses on the design and the implementation of a miniature software-defined radio (MSDR) specifically tailored for Ka-band communication onboard CubeSats. The communication system aligns with the DVB-S2 standard for high transmission capacities, and incorporates the linear-step frequency modulation (LSFM) for robust transmission. Additionally, the modular software design can be easily adopted for future missions. The proposed Xilinx MPSoC-based SDR opens possibilities of broadband communication for CubeSat constellations in low Earth orbits (LEOs).

摘要    i
Abstract    ii
誌謝    iii
目錄    iv
圖目錄    x
表目錄    xv
第一章、    緒論    1
1    研究動機與背景    1
2    衛星軌道    2
3    衛星通訊頻段    2
4    低軌道通訊衛星與5G Non-Terrestrial Networks    5
5    珍珠號立方衛星    7
6    調變    8
7    射頻訊號與數位資料    8
8    Software-defined Radio (SDR)軟體定義無線電    8
9    KCP硬體架構與規格    9
9.1    KCP硬體架構    10
9.2    KCP訊號介面及定義    11
9.3    KCP電性規格    12
9.4    KCP訊號功率規格    13
9.5    KCP機械介面規格與操作環境    13
10    Xilinx ZCU102工程板    15
11    Zynq UltraScale+ MPSoC    16
12    ADI ADRV9009    17
13    Xilinx PYNQ    19
第二章、    鏈路預算與通道效應    20
1    鏈路預算    20
1.1    概念    20
1.1    天線增益    20
1.2    訊噪比    21
1.3    接收機靈敏度    21
1.4    傳輸損失    22
1.5    環境及系統衰減    22
1.6    KCP鏈路分析    24
1.7    距離變化與動態衰減    26
1.8    頻率偏差    28
第三章、    DVB-S2規格介紹    30
1    DVB-S2發射機架構    30
2    Frame架構    32
2.1    BB Frame    32
2.2    FEC Frame    33
2.3    Bit mapping    35
2.4    PL Frame    36
2.5    SRRC Pulse Shaping    38
3    BCH碼    41
4    LDPC碼    41
4.1    線性區塊碼(Linear Block Code)    42
4.2    LDPC 摘要    43
4.3    DVB-S2 LDPC編碼    45
5    DVB-S2 收發機系統摘要    47
5.1    AGC    48
6    DVB-S2 接收機    48
6.1    Symbol Timing Synchronizer    49
6.1.1    原理    49
6.1.2    架構    51
6.1.3    實現    52
6.2    Carrier Frequency and Phase Synchronizer    53
6.2.1    原理    53
6.2.2    架構    54
6.2.1    實作    57
6.3    Frame Synchronizer    58
6.3.1    原理    58
6.3.2    架構    58
6.3.3    實作    59
第四章、    LSFM調變與發射機基頻電路實現    62
1    Chirp 通訊簡介    62
2    LFM訊號分析    62
3    LSFM訊號    63
4    LFM與LSFM訊號分析    65
5    LSFM發射機    67
6    LSFM接收機    68
第五章、    KCP數位電路系統整合    70
1    ADI ADRV9009 Interface    70
2    PS-PL Data I/O機制與Interrupt    73
3    Clock and Reset    76
第六章、    KCP軟韌體系統設計及作業系統    77
1    KCP作業系統開發序論    77
2    Linux作業系統架構摘要    79
3    公板開發環境之作業系統開發    82
4    KCP作業系統開發    86
4.1    中斷器實現結果    88
5    工程板收發機軟體開發    90
6    KCP飛控軟體開發    95
第七章、    KCP 封包、收發機參數定義及指令表    97
1    發射機參數表    97
2    模式指令表    98
3    STM32 Power Management Unit 指令表    99
4    R5 指令表    99
第八章、    KCP驗證與評估    102
1    資料驗證方法    102
2    600公尺對地面站測試    104
2.1    測試環境與配置    113
2.1    測試環境紀錄表    114
2.2    VSG測試結果    118
2.3    KCP測試結果-Single Tone    122
2.4    KCP測試結果-LSFM    123
2.5    KCP測試結果-DVB-S2    128
2.6    測試小結與討論    132
第九章、    結論    133
參考文獻    134
                                

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