| 研究生: |
陳昭安 Chao-An Chen |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
500MHz,30個相位輸出之鎖相迴路應用於三倍超取樣時脈回復系統 A 30phase 500MHz PLL for 3X Over-Sampling Clock Data Recovery |
| 指導教授: |
鄭國興
Kuo-Hsing Cheng |
| 口試委員: | |
| 學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱: |
資訊電機學院 - 電機工程學系 Department of Electrical Engineering |
| 畢業學年度: | 94 |
| 語文別: | 英文 |
| 論文頁數: | 76 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | 時脈回復系統 、三倍超取樣 、鎖相迴路 |
| 外文關鍵詞: | clock data recovery, PLL, Over-Sampling |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:8 下載:0 |
| 分享至: |
| 查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
隨著製成技術的進步以及各個運算處理速度的提升,傳送接收系統應用在高速上是未來的趨勢,例如應用在乙太網路及光纖網路上的如10GBase-LX4、OC192、OC768等。而著重在有線或是匯流排上的應用則有USB2.0、IEEE1394、SERIAL-ATA等系統,在此系統當中所傳送的資料速度多為Gb/s的等級。在高速傳送上,會有更多的困難需要克服。例如雜訊的處理,時脈產生器產生高速時脈等等的問題。本論文試著採用三倍超取樣的技術應用在接收端的電路上,並試著符合到PCI-Express II的規格。
本論文是將接收端的電路應用在5Gb/s的資料傳送系統上,達到一個高速5Gb/s串列資料,經由接收端電路,解回十組並列500Mb/s的資料。其中,鎖相迴路(PLL)作為系統上的時脈產生器,用來對於輸入的資料做取樣的動作。而系統當中所需要切割出微小的時脈延遲來調整鎖相迴路的參考時脈相位則採用Blender 的電壓切割方式,切割出15ps左右的延遲相位,以達到系統上所規定的頻寬。三倍超取樣的方式比起兩倍超取樣來說可以達到較小的靜態相位誤差,且比起四倍或五倍的方式複雜度不至於太大。
在整體電路實現上,我們採用0.13-um製程,1.2-V的電源供應來實現我們接收端的電路。
With the progress in the CMOS process technologies and the operating speed of the processor, high speed links in the transmitter and receiver system is the trend of the future. For example, 10Gbase-LX4, OC192, OC768 are used in Gigabit Ethernet and Fiber Channel; USB2.0, IEEE1394 and SERIAL-ATA are used in wire or bus serial links. Most of the system operate at the data rate attain to the level of Gb/s. With the increased operation frequency, the difficulties in the system design are also increased. These difficulties include noise handling and the generation of the sampling clock at high frequency in receiver side, etc. The thesis adopts 3X over-sampling techniques in the receiver circuit and tries to meet the specification of PCI- Express II.
The thesis design a receiver circuit which is used in the one serial in data with 5Gb/s and retime them to 10 500Mb/s parallel out data. PLL circuit is used as the clock generation and the output clock signals of PLL are used to sample the input data. The small phase delay circuit is implemented by Blender delay to make approximately 15ps delay and is used to tuning the phase of PLL’s reference clock. The need of small phase delay is because of the specification of CDR bandwidth. Adopting the 3X over-sampling is considered that 2X over-sampling system has larger static phase error and circuit in 4X or 5X is too complex.
The receiver system in the thesis is implemented with a 0.13-um CMOS technology with a 1.2V supply power.
[1] R. Mooney, et al.,”A 900Mb/s bidirectional signaling scheme,” IEEE Jorunal of Solid-State Circuits, vol.30, no.12, pp.1538-1543, Dec. 1995
[2] M. Galles, et al.,”Spider: a high-speed network interconnect,” IEEE Micro, vol.17, no. 1,pp.34-39, Jan-Feb. 1997
[3] Media Access Contro(MAC) Parameters, Physical Layer, and Management Parameter for 10Gb/s Operation, IEEE Draft p802.3ae/D3.3, 2000.
[4] K.Yukimatsu and Y. Shimazu, “Optical interconnections in switching system”, IEICE Trans. Electron., vol. E77-C, no. 1, pp.2-8, Jan.1994.
[5] Jaeha Kim, “Design of CMOS Adaptive-Supply Serial Links”, a dissertation submitted to the Department of Electrical Engineering and the Committee on Graduate Studies of Stanford University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Dec. 2002
[6] John G. Maneatis, “Low-jitter Process-Independent DLL and PLL Based on Self-Biased Techniques,” IEEE Jorunal of Solid-State Circuits, vol.31, no. 11, pp.1723-1732, Nov. 1996
[7] Tai-Cheng Lee and Behzad Razavi, Fellow, IEEE, “A Stabilization Technique for Phase-Locked Frequency Synthesizers,” IEEE Jorunal of Solid-State Circuits, vol.38, no. 6, pp. 888-894, June. 2003
[8] Mozhgan Mansuri, et al.,”A Low-Power Adaptive Bandwidth PLL and Clock Buffer With Supply-Noise Compensation”, IEEE Jorunal of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 38, no. 11, pp.1804-1812, Nov. 2003
[9] Seema Butala Anand and Behzad Razavi, “A CMOS Clock Recovery Circuit for 2.5-Gb/s NRZ Data,” IEEE Jorunal of Solid-State Circuits, vol.36, no. 3, pp. 432-439, March. 2001
[10] Sang-Hyun Lee, et al.,”A 5Gb/s 0.25-um CMOS Jitter-Tolerant Variable-Interval Oversampling Clock/Data Recovery Circuit,” IEEE Jorunal of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 37, no. 12, pp. 1822-1830, Dec. 2002
[11] Behzad Razavi, “Challenges in the Design of High-Speed Clock and Data Recovery Circuits” IEEE Communications magazine, Aug. 2002
[12] Evelina Fai-Yee Yeung, “Design of High-Performance and Low-Cost Parallel Links”, a dissertation submitted to the Department of Electrical Engineering and the Committee on Graduate Studies of Stanford University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Jan. 2002
[13] Koon-Lun Jackie Wong, et al.,”A 27-mW 3.6-Gb/s I/O Transceiver” IEEE Jorunal of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 39, no. 4, pp. 602-612, April. 2004
[14] Sun-Ping Chen,”Design and implementation of 3.125-GB/s Clock Data Recovery Circuit”,a thesis submitted to the Graduate Institute of Electronic Engineering , National Taiwan University in Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Electrical Engineering, June. 2003
[15] Jung-Wei Chen,”A Tracking Data Recovery System for Inter-Chip Signaling”, a thesis submitted to the Graduate Institute of Electronic Engineering , National Taiwan University in Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Electrical Engineering, June. 2000
[16] J. Savoj and B. Razavi, “A 10-Gb/s CMOS Clock and Data Recovery Circuit with a Half Rate Linear Phase Detector,” IEEE Jorunal of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 36, no. 5, pp. 761-767, May. 2001
[17] Jaeha Kim and Deog-Kyoon Jeong, “Multi-Gigabit-Rate Clock and Data Recovery Based on Blind Oversapmling,”IEEE Communications Magazine, Dec. 2003
[18] Yoshiharu kudoh, et al.,”A 0.13-um CMOS 5-Gb/s 10-m 28AWG Cable Transceiver With No-Feedback-Loop Continuous-Time Post-Equalizer,” IEEE Jorunal of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 38, no. 5, pp. 741-746, May. 2003
[19] Jong-Sang Choi, et al.,”A 0.18-um CMOS 3.5-Gb/s Continuous-Time Adaptive Cable Equalizer Using Enhanced Low-Frequency Gain Control Method,” IEEE Jorunal of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 419-425, March. 2004
[20] Jinwook Kim, et al.,”A Four-Channel 3.125-Gb/s/ch CMOS Serial-Link Transceiver With a Mixed-Mode Adaptive Equalizer,” IEEE Jorunal of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 462-471, Feb. 2005
[21] B. Razavi, “Design of Integrated Circuits for Optical Communication,” McGraw-Hill, 2003
[22] Youngdon Choi, et al.,”Jitter Transfer Analysis of Tracked Oversampling Techniques for Multigigabit Clock and Data Recovery,” Invited paper, IEEE Transactions on Circuit and Systems, vol. 50, no. 11, pp. 775-783, Nov. 2003
[23] Yoshio Miki, et al.,”A 50-mW/ch 2.5-Gb/s/ch Data Recovery Circuit for the SFI-5 Interface With Digital Eye-Tracking,” IEEE Jorunal of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 39, no. 4, pp. 613-621, April. 2004
[24] Declan Dalton, et al.,”A 12.5-Mb/s to 2.7-Gb/s Continuous-Rate CDR With Automatic Frequency Acquisition and Data-Rate Readback,” IEEE Jorunal of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 40, no. 12, pp. 2713-2725, Dec. 2005
[25] Yongsam Moon, et al.,”A 0.6-2.5-GBaud CMOS Tracked 3x Oversampling Transceiver With Dead-Zone Phase Detection for Robust Clock/Data Recovery,” IEEE Jorunal of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 36, no. 12, pp. 1974-1983, Dec. 2001
[26] Hideyuki Nosaka, et al.,”A 10-Gb/s Data-Pattern Independent Clock and Data Recovery Circuit With a Two-Mode Phase Comparator,” IEEE Jorunal of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 192-197, Feb. 2005
[27] Abdulkerim L. Coban, et al.,”A 2.5-3.125-Gb/s Quad Transceiver With Second-Order Analog DLL-Based CDRs,” IEEE Jorunal of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 40, no. 9, pp. 1940-1947, Sep. 2005
[28] “An Analysis and Performance Evaluation of a Passive Filter Design Techniques for Charge Pump PLL’s,” National Semiconductor application note, July 2001.
[29] Bruno W. Garlepp, et al.”A portable Digital DLL for High-Speed CMOS Interface Circuits,” IEEE Jorunal of Solid-State Circuits, vol. 34, no. 5, pp. 632-644, May. 1999
[30] Yu-Tang Hsieh,”CMOS Precise Delay Generator and Its Application in Timing Recovery”,a thesis submitted to the Graduate Institute of Electronic Engineering , National Chiao Tung University in Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Electrical Engineering, June. 2001