以鉛鹵素鈣鈦礦做為主動層之鈣鈦礦太陽能電池(Perovskite solar cell, PSC) ，因其高的光電轉換效率獲得大家高度的重視。而為了瞭解應用於太陽能電池之鈣鈦礦的物理性質，科學家們合成出各種組成的鈣鈦礦單晶進行研究。本研究以能夠快速長晶的逆溫長晶法，用GBL或GBL與DMF的混合溶液作為溶劑，搭配不同比例的陽離子、鉛與鹵素混合成長晶母液，在不同加熱溫度下成長出不同組成之混陰陽離子鉛鈣鈦礦單晶。研究結果顯示， 以MA(0.93-x)FAxCs0.07PbI3母液所長出一系列單晶的晶體內沒有Cs離子的存在，並且其最大放光波長略低於MAxFA(1-x) PbI3母液所長出單晶的最大放光波長。當長晶母液中鈣鈦礦的劑量為MAxFA(1-x)PbBr1.5I1.5時，溶液中FA比例增加時所長出晶體中的FA比例同樣增加，而溴離子則隨之減少。從劑量為MA0.5FA0.5PbBraI(3-a)長晶母液中所製備之單晶，當母液中之碘離子占鹵素離子的比例大於60%時，晶體中碘離子的比例會大幅增加，晶體形狀也從cubic逐漸變為tetragonal，而晶體放光波長也隨著晶體中碘離子比例增加而變長。以含MA(1-y)CsyPbBr0.6I2.4長晶母液所製備之單晶以能量色散X-射線譜(Energy Dispersive Spectrometer, EDS)所測得之晶體中各個原子之含量，顯示當母液中Cs離子為2%時得到的晶體中並沒有Cs離子，而母液中Cs離子為5%時得到的晶體中Cs離子也只占了0.4%，但當母液中Cs離子為7%時得到的晶體中Cs離子含量迅速增加至8%。

Abstract Perovskite solar cells (PSCS) based on lead-halide perovskite absorber have attracted great attention due to their high power conversion efficiency and non-expensive solution fabrication processes. To be understand better the instrinic properties of lead-halide perovskite, single crystals were prepared and studied. In this study, inverse temperature crystallization method was used to grow perovskite with various components. GBL or the mixture of GBL and DMF was used as solvents to dissolve several starting materials with various mole ratios to form a mother solutions for single crystals. We found that even the mother solution contains MA(0.93-x), FAx, Cs0.07, Pb, and l3 but the single crystal grown from it did not have Cs+ ion. Furthermore, the λEM of the PL is shorter than that of the crystal from from MaxFA(1-x)PbBr3-xIx. The FA content for the crystal increase as the FA in the mother solution increases and Br ion in the crystal decreases. For the mother solution containing MA05FA05PbBr(3-a)Ia, the I- content increase sharply when I/Br ratio is higher than 1.5, at the same time the morphology of the crystal change from cubic to tetragonal and the λEM of the PL shifts to longer wavelength. For the mother solution with the content of MA(1-x)CsxPbBr0.6I2.4, when the Cs/MA is less than 2%, the crystal grown from it contains no Cs as revealed with EDS analysis. Increasing the Cs content in the mother solution to 5%, the Cs content in the crystal increases to 0.4%, nevertheless, when the Cs in the mother solution increases to 7%, the Cs in crystal increases rapidly to 8%.

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