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研究生: 徐翊銘
Yi-ming Shiu
論文名稱: 以四聲道耳機實現環繞音效
Realization of Surround Audio by Quadraphonic Headset
指導教授: 張寶基
Pao-Chi Chang
口試委員:
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 資訊電機學院 - 通訊工程學系
Department of Communication Engineering
畢業學年度: 99
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 102
中文關鍵詞: 主觀聽覺測試人工迴響器四聲道耳機頭部相關轉移函數
外文關鍵詞: subjective hearing test, four-channel headset, head related transfer function, artificial reverberation
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  • 近年來多媒體通訊科技與網際網路發展相當迅速,數位化的視訊及音訊與生活密不可分。人們對於多媒體品質的要求越來越嚴格,也因此傳統單聲道或是雙聲道音訊漸漸地不合人們之需求,所以多聲道音訊存取與播放勢在必行。
    本研究中首先介紹改良標準 ITU-R BS.775-1之降混音架構,可將5.1聲道的音訊轉成4個聲道,再行額外加入頭部相關轉移函數與人工迴響器提升距離及空間聽覺感受。當中加入頭部相關轉移函數是希望達到傳統立體聲耳機缺乏的頭部前後聽覺之差異,另一方面加入人工迴響器則是希望提升音訊空間上的聽覺感受。
    經過主觀聽覺測試評分後,用提出的四聲道耳機可以達到與多聲道裝置相差不遠之聽覺感受,並且提出的四聲道耳機的硬體成本也比多聲道裝置廉價許多。


    With the rapid development of information technology and Internet in recent years, digital video and audio applications are widely used in human life. For the increasing demands of human perception of multimedia, the traditional mono or stereo audio playback is not able to satisfy human ears. Therefore, multi-channel audio systems become more popular. However, in the views of limited available personal space and relatively expensive multi-channel audio system, a low-cost multi-channel audio player, such as a headset, that can be used anytime or anywhere is very attractive.
    In this work, we design a four-channel headset to achieve the 5.1-channel-like hearing experience. In the proposed architecture, we first modify the down-mixing structure in ITU-R BS.775-1 standard to convert 5.1-channel audio into four channels. Second, we utilize the head related transfer function (HRTF) to enhance the position difference between front and rear, which is missing in traditional stereo earphones. In addition, we utilize artificial reverberation to enhance the hearing experience in a closed space.
    From subjective hearing tests, the proposed four-channel headset achieves almost the same hearing perception as a 5.1-channel system while the hardware cost of the proposed four-channel headset is much lower than a 5.1-channel system.

    目 錄 摘 要 …………………………………………………………I Abstract ………………………………………………………II 誌 謝…………………………………………………………III 目 錄…………………………………………………………IV 附圖索引………………………………………………………VI 附表索引 ……………………………………………………XII 第一章 緒論 1.1 研究背景……………………………………………………1 1.2 研究動機……………………………………………………1 1.3 論文架構……………………………………………………2 第二章 基礎聲學及環繞音效簡介 2.1 聲音與基本聲學……………………………………………4 2.2 人類聽覺效應………………………………………………5 2.3 環境音效發展簡介………………………………………10 2.4 喇叭播放環境與聲道配置………………………………12 第三章 以四聲道耳機實現環繞音效 3.1 提出的降混音方法………………………………………14 3.2 頭部相關轉移函數………………………………………18 3.2.1 傳統錄製方式………………………………………19 3.2.2 頭部相關轉移函數之係數…………………………20 3.2.3 頭部相關轉移函數的數學推導及使用限制………25 3.3 人工迴響器………………………………………………29 3.3.1 驗證…………………………………………………29 3.3.2 人工迴響器之設計流程……………………………36 3.3.3 小房間形式…………………………………………44 3.3.4 大劇院形式…………………………………………47 3.4 提出的四聲道環繞耳機…………………………………50 第四章 實驗數據與分析 4.1 實驗內容…………………………………………………52 4.1.1 環境設置概述………………………………………52 4.1.2 四聲道耳機與立體聲耳機…………………………53 4.1.3 四聲道耳機與多聲道播放裝置……………………64 4.2 主觀聽覺測試……………………………………………78 4.2.1 主觀聽覺評分表……………………………………78 4.2.2 分數統計……………………………………………79 第五章 結論與未來展望……………………………………82 參考文獻………………………………………………………85

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